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Seoul Subway Line 1

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Native name
  
1호선（一號線） Il Hoseon

Status
  
Operational

Seoul Subway Line 1 httpsuploadwikimediaorgwikipediacommonsthu

Type
  
Rapid transit/Commuter rail

System
  
Seoul Metropolitan Subway

Termini
  
Soyosan Incheon / Sinchang / Gwangmyeong / Seodongtan

Stations
  
97 Seoul Metro: 10 Korail: 87

Seoul subway line 1


Seoul (Metropolitan) Subway Line 1 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway, is a commuter rail service which links central Seoul, South Korea to Soyosan Station in the northeast, Incheon in the southwest, and Sinchang via Suwon and Cheonan in the south. The central underground portion of this rail line is the oldest subway section in the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system; the entire rail line covers a large part of the Seoul Capital Area. The underground section between Seoul Station and Cheongnyangni Station, which is referred to as Seoul Metro Line 1 (7.8 kilometers (4.8 mi)), is currently operated by Seoul Metro. The line first opened in 1974 with through services to overground national railroad tracks from Seongbuk Station (now: Kwangwoon University Station) to Incheon and Suwon Stations. At the time, the underground portion of Line 1 run by Seoul Metro was labeled red on maps. On the other hand, the remaining sections of the rail line run by Korail were labeled either blue or gray on maps, and the express lines were red. In 2000, the adjacent through-running Korail lines were officially bundled together as part of a greater Line 1, and the labeling on maps was changed to the current dark blue color. Commuter railway service was extended to Sinchang in December 2008.

Contents

Frequent service is provided between Soyosan, Dongducheon, Uijeongbu, Cheongnyangni, Seoul, Yongsan, and Guro, where trains split between Incheon in the west and Byeongjeom and Cheonan in the south. Express trains operate from Yongsan and Seoul Stations to Dongincheon and Cheonan stations.

Trains travel along Gyeongbu (Seoul-Cheonan), Gyeongin (Guro-Incheon), Janghang (Cheonan-Sinchang) and Gyeongwon (Hoegi-Soyosan).

In June 2006, Jinwi and Jije Stations opened on the Gyeongbu Line. In January 2010 Dangjeong Station opened, between Gunpo and Uiwang Stations. Part of the Gyeongwon Line from Dongducheon (formerly Dongan) to Uijeongbu was merged into Line 1 in December 2006.

Rapid (Express) trains

Korail operates a variety of express "rapid" (급행) trains for long distance commuter services on Line 1. These services include:

  • Gyeongin line express services from Yongsan to Dongincheon, operating express between Guro and Dongincheon (although one train on weeknights originates from Yangju and travels all the way to Incheon and operates express from Guro to Dongincheon). This service was introduced on January 29, 1999. Jemulpo Station and Gaebong Station have begun serving express trains on February 1, 2016.
  • Gyeongwon line express services from Dongducheon (although several trains originate from Soyosan) to Incheon, operating express between Dongducheon and Kwangwoon University and run local train between Incheon and Kwangwoon University.
  • Gyeongbu line express services, including:
  • Yongsan-Cheonan ("A" and "B" express services), with "B" express services making fewer stops than the "A" services.
  • Seoul Station-Cheonan (green express), skipping all stations between Seoul Station and Geumcheon-gu Office Station, making intermediate stops at Anyang, Gunpo, and Uiwang and then following the "A" express service pattern. This service was introduced on October 20, 1982.
  • Yeongdeungpo-Byeongjeom ("C" express service), skipping all stations between Yeongdeungpo and Anyang and then following the "A" express service pattern until Byeongjeom. This service was introduced on August 25, 2014.

    • Main Lines

    GW: Gyeongwon (Dongducheon - Incheon) express
    GI: Gyeongin (Yongsan - Dongincheon) express
    GB: Gyeongbu red express

  • A: Yongsan-Cheonan
  • B: Yongsan-Cheonan limited stop
  • C: Yeongdeungpo-Byeongjeom limited stop

    • SC: Gyeongbu green (Seoul - Cheonan) limited stop

    Historical Timeline

    1974

    August 15: Line 1 is officially opened with 9 stations from Seoul to Cheongnyangni (7.8 kilometers (4.8 mi)), creating a system of 28 stations (excluding the 9 metro stations) on national railroads from Seongbuk Station (now: Kwangwoon University Station, the then-northern terminus) to Incheon Station and Suwon Station. Korail is named Korean National Railroad, with Line 1 just referring to the Seoul–Cheongnyangni section.

    1978

    December 9: The Gyeongwon Line from Yongsan to Seongbuk opens as a new branch, with Ichon and Seongsu (now part of the Jungang Line).

    1979

    February 1: Yuljeon Station is opened.

    1980

    January 5: Sinimun Station is opened. April 1: Seobinggo, Hannam and Hoegi (now part of the Jungang Line) are opened. July 10: Seongsu is renamed Eungbong Station

    1982

    August 2: Seoksu Station is opened.

    1984

    January 1: Yuljeon Station is renamed Seongdae-ap Station. May 22: Sindorim Station is opened. November 20: Baegun Station is opened.

    1985

    January 14: Seokgye Station is opened. April 20: Chang-dong is opened as a northward extension. August 22: Wolgye and Nokcheon are opened. October 18: Oksu Station (now part of the Jungang Line) is opened.

    1986

    September 2: 6 stations from Uijeongbu to Chang-dong are opened as a northward extension.

    1987

    October 5: Uijeongbu Bukbu Station is opened. December 31: Jung-dong Station is opened.

    1988

    January 16: Onsu Station is opened. October 25: The Ansan Line is opened as a southward branch, from Geumjeong Station to Ansan Station.

    1994

    July 11: Ganseok and Dowon are opened. December 1: Seongdae-ap Station is renamed to Sungkyunkwan University.

    1995

    February 16: Guil Station is opened.

    1996

    January 1: Hwigyeong Station is renamed to Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Station March 28: Bugae Station is opened.

    1997

    April 30: Sosa Station is opened.

    1998

    January 7: Singil and Doksan are opened.

    2000

    Korea National Railroad and Line 1 are integrated as Seoul (Metropolitan) Subway Line 1.

    2001

    November 30: Dohwa Station is opened.

    2003

    April 30: Seryu and Byeongjeom are opened as a southward extension. The Ansan Line service is replaced with an extended Seoul Subway Line 4.

    2004

    August 25: Bugok Station is renamed Uiwang Station.

    2005

    January 20: 8 stations from Byeongjeom to Cheonan are opened as another southward extension. December 16: The Gyeongwon Line branch from Yongsan Station to Hoegi Station and the Jungang Line from Hoegi Station to Deokso Station open and are renamed to the separate Yongsan-Deokso Line. This service was the predecessor to the current Jungang Line. December 21: Dongmyo Station is opened. December 27: Sema and Osan College Stations are opened.

    2006

    June 30: Jinwi and Jije Stations are opened. July 1: Garibong Station is renamed to Gasan Digital Complex. December 15: 8 stations from Soyosan to Uijeongbu Bukbu are opened as a northward extension. A spur line to Gwangmyeong Station is created. Uijeongbu Bukbu Station is renamed to Ganeung.

    2007

    December 28: Deokgye Station is opened.

    2008

    December: 6 stations from Cheonan to Sinchang are opened as another southward extension. Siheung Station is renamed to Geumcheon-gu Office.

    2010

    January 21: Dangjeong Station is opened. February 26: Seodongtan Station is opened.

    2015

    February 3: Gaebong and Jemulpo start serving Gyeongin express trains.

    Future Plans

    Line 1 will be extended northward from Soyosan Station to Yeoncheon Station on the Gyeongwon Line, replacing the current "'Tonggeun" service operating there. Construction on this extension began in September 2014 and is expected to be completed somewhere in 2019.

    There are also plans to extend the Gyeongbu Line branch of Line 1 to Cheongju Airport Station on the Chungbuk Line. This would create yet another branch; a new service will divert from the current extension along the Janghang Line, continue further down the Gyeongbu Line, and then divert onto the Chungbuk Line.

    Seoul Metro

  • Seoul Metro 1000 series
  • Rheostat-controlled electric car (rebuilt cars) - since 1989
  • VVVF inverter-controlled electric car - since 1999

    • Korail

  • Korail Class 1000 (2nd, 3rd batch) (since 1986)
  • Korail Class 311000 (since 1996)
  • Korail Class 319000 (for Gwangmyeong Shuttle) (since 2006)

    • Seoul Metro

  • Seoul Metro 1000 series
  • Rheostat-controlled electric car (1st batch) (from 1974 until 2002)

    • Korail

  • Korail Class 1000 (1st batch) (from 1974 until 2004)

    • Depots and facilities

    (from north to south)

  • Majeon signal box between Deokye and Yangju Stations
  • Chang-dong Depot (shared with Line 4)
  • Seongbuk Depot
  • Imun Depot
  • Guro Depot
  • Siheung Depot (actually after Oido Station on Line 4, also used for heavy maintenance of Line 1 trains owned by Korail, accessed by a crossover located after Geumjeong Station)
  • Byeongjeom Depot

    • Seoul Subway Line 1 is the setting and inspiration for the Korean rock musical, Line number 1 (Musical), by Hakchon Theater troupe based on the German musical, Linie 1 by Volker Ludwig.

    References

    Seoul Subway Line 1 Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA