Nationality American Name Scott Kaufman | Role Author | |
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Institutions University of Pennsylvania Fields Cognitive science, Educational psychology, Positive psychology Books Ungifted: Intelligence Redefined, Mating Intelligence Unleashe, Wired to Create: Unravelin, Beyond General Intelligen Profiles | ||
From evaluation to inspiration scott barry kaufman at tedxmanhattanbeach
Scott Barry Kaufman (born June 3, 1979) is an American psychologist, author, and popular science writer known for his research and writing on intelligence and creativity. Most media attention has focused on Kaufman's attempt to redefine intelligence. Kaufman is Scientific Director of The Imagination Institute in the Positive Psychology Center at the University of Pennsylvania. He is also co-founder of The Creativity Post and author of "Ungifted: Intelligence Redefined". Kaufman won the 2011 Daniel E. Berlyne Award from Division 10 of the American Psychological Association for outstanding research on aesthetics, creativity, and the arts by a junior scholar, and is a 2011-2012 recipient of the Mensa International Award for Excellence in Research. He is listed on Business Insider as one of the "50 groundbreaking scientists who are changing the way we see the world".
Contents
- From evaluation to inspiration scott barry kaufman at tedxmanhattanbeach
- The neuroscience of creativity flow and openness to experience scott barry kaufman ph d
- Education
- Personal
- Research
- The dual process theory of human intelligence
- References
The neuroscience of creativity flow and openness to experience scott barry kaufman ph d
Education
After graduating from Lower Merion High School in 1998, Kaufman received his B.S. from Carnegie Mellon University, where he was Nobel Prize Winner Herbert A. Simon's last research assistant, and a student of Randy Pausch. In 2005, he received his M.Phil. from King's College, Cambridge under a Gates Scholarship, where he worked with Nicholas Mackintosh. After Cambridge, Kaufman earned his Ph.D. in Cognitive Psychology from Yale University where he was mentored by Robert Sternberg, Jeremy R. Gray, and Jerome L. Singer. From 2009-2010, he was a post-doctoral fellow at the Center Leo Apostel for Interdisciplinary Studies.
Personal
Kaufman is the grandson of former Philadelphia Orchestra cellist Harry Gorodetzer.
Research
Kaufman's research focuses on the measurement and development of intelligence and creativity, with a consideration of implications for education, business, and society. Kaufman has over 40 scientific papers in numerous books and journals, including Cognition, Intelligence, and the Journal of Creative Behavior. He is also editor of The Philosophy of Creativity (with Elliot Samuel Paul, Oxford, 2014), The Complexity of Greatness: Beyond Talent or Practice (Oxford, 2013), The Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence (with Robert Sternberg, Cambridge, 2011), and The Psychology of Creative Writing (with James C. Kaufman, Cambridge, 2009).
The dual-process theory of human intelligence
Most theories of human intelligence and tests of intelligence emphasize controlled and deliberate reasoning as the hallmark of human intelligence. While agreeing that such thought processes are an important component of intelligence, Kaufman argues that spontaneous forms of thinking such as insight, imaginative play, daydreaming, implicit learning, and a reduced latent inhibition are also important contributors to a wide range of intelligent behaviors as well as creative greatness. Integrating modern dual-process theories of cognition with research on human intelligence, Kaufman proposed the dual-process theory of human intelligence. The theory emphasizes the importance of adaptation to task demands as the essence of intelligent functioning. At the same time, the theory takes into account an individual's personal goals and accommodates a wide range of intelligent behaviors in a wide range of fields, from the arts to the sciences. A key assumption of the theory is that abilities are not static entities but are constantly changing throughout the life span as the person continually engages with controlled and spontaneous modes of thought. In Ungifted: Intelligence Redefined, Kaufman makes the point that his theory is also fundamentally developmental, because it views intelligence as the dynamic interplay of engagement and ability over time in the pursuit of personal goals. Under this conceptualization, personal characteristics such as passion, growth mindset, and persistence are also essential elements of human intelligence.