The Santa Clara valley aquifer is a groundwater aquifer located in the southern San Francisco Bay Area. The geology of the Santa Clara valley aquifer consists of a complex stratigraphy of permeable and impermeable units. Management of aquifer resources is associated with the Santa Clara Valley Water District.
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History
The first half of the 20th century saw groundwater extraction increase with the increasing regional population of the Bay Area. Between 1912 and 1966 artesian pressure levels dropped by as much as 200 ft (61 m). The decreasing pressure heads resulted in land subsidence of up to 15 ft (4.6 m). Recent work has shown that refined management practices have halted land subsidence.
Hydrogeology
Well core data indicate that the Santa Clara valley aquifer consists of between four and six different water bearing units. The aquifer is composed of both confined and unconfined units. Water bearing units are generally coarse-grained and separated by relatively fine-grained units. The thicknesses of coarse-grained sections vary between 10 and 25 ft (3.0 and 7.6 m) in the southeast and between 50 and 200 ft (15 and 61 m) in the south-central and southwestern areas of the valley. Temperature data from monitoring wells indicate that horizontal groundwater flow occurs primarily above 775 ft (236 m) in southern-central regions and above 510 ft (160 m) in southeastern areas.
Management
Stream stewardship, wholesale water supply and flood protection for Santa Clara County, California is provided by the Santa Clara Valley Water District.