Romania competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, Mexico. 82 competitors, 66 men and 16 women, took part in 64 events in 9 sports.
Viorica Viscopoleanu — Athletics, Women's Long JumpLia Manoliu — Athletics, Women's Discus ThrowSerghei Covaliov and Ivan Patzaichin — Canoeing, Men's C2 1000m Canadian PairsIon Drîmbă — Fencing, Men's Foil IndividualIleana Silai — Athletics, Women's 800 metresMihaela Peneș — Athletics, Women's Javelin ThrowIon Monea — Boxing, Men's Light HeavyweightAnton Calenic, Dimitrie Ivanov, Haralambie Ivanov, and Mihai Ţurcaş — Canoeing, Men's K4 1000m Kayak FoursMarcel Rosca — Shooting, Men's Rapid-Fire PistolIon Baciu — Wrestling, Men's Greco-Roman BantamweightCalistrat Cuţov — Boxing, Men's LightweightViorica Dumitru — Canoeing, Women's K1 500m Kayak SinglesIleana Gyulai-Drimba, Ana Pascu-Ene-Dersidan, Ecaterina Stahl-Iencic, Olga Szabo-Orban and Maria Vicol — Fencing, Women's Foil TeamSimion Popescu — Wrestling, Men's FeatherweightNicolae Martinescu — Wrestling, Men's Greco-Roman Light HeavyweightOne cyclist represented Romania in 1968.
Individual road raceEmil RusuIndividual pursuitEmil RusuTen fencers, five men and five women, represented Romania in 1968.
Men's foilIon DrîmbăMihai ȚiuTănase MureșanuMen's team foilIon Drîmbă, Mihai Țiu, Ștefan Haukler, Tănase Mureșanu, Iuliu FalbMen's épéeȘtefan HauklerTănase MureșanuWomen's foilEcaterina Stahl-IencicOlga Orban-SzaboIleana Gyulai-Drîmbă-JeneiWomen's team foilEcaterina Stahl-Iencic, Ileana Gyulai-Drîmbă-Jenei, Olga Orban-Szabo, Ana Derșidan-Ene-Pascu, Maria VicolTwelve shooters, all men, represented Romania in 1968. Marcel Roşca won silver in the 25 m pistol.
25 m pistolMarcel RoşcaVirgil Atanasiu50 m pistolNeagu BratuLucian Giuşcă300 m rifle, three positionsPetre ŞandorŞtefan Kaban50 m rifle, three positionsNicolae RotaruIon Olărescu50 m rifle, proneNicolae RotaruMarin FerecatuTrapIon DumitrescuGheorghe FlorescuSkeetGheorghe Sencovici 
