The former Catholic Diocese of Oloron in south-west France was suppressed after the French Revolution, by the Concordat of 1801. It dated from the 6th century, but its territory became part of the diocese of Bayonne.
The Way of St James passes through Oloron going to Santiago.
The seat of the bishops of Oloron was in Oloron Cathedral in Oloron-Sainte-Marie, now in Pyrénées-Atlantiques. The cathedral has now reverted to a parish church.
Another significant building is Chateau de Lamothe, dating from the early 12th century, when a Moorish fortification on the hill, was destroyed as the French drove the Moorish forces from France, and rebuilt to serve as the summer residence for the bishops of Oloron, a role it filled for 600 years.
c. 506: Saint Grat
c. 551: Agustius (?)
c. 573 to c. 585: Lezer
c. 653: Abientius
c. 659: Zozime
c. 661: Tructémonde
c. 668: Arcontius
c. 850: Gérard
c. 977: Gombaud
c. 992: Arsius Raca
1033–1050: Raymond I. le Vieux (also Bishop of Bayonne and Bishop of Lescar)
1060–1078: Etienne de Mauléon
1078–1083: Amat
1083–1101: Odon de Bénac
1102–1114: Roger I. de Sentes
1114–1135: Arnaud I. d'Araux
1135–1168: Arnaud II. d'Izeste
1169–1195: Bernard I. de Sadirac
1196–1216: Bernard II. de Morlane
c. 1225: Bernard III.
1228–1241: Guillaume I. de Castanet
1242–1254: Pierre I. de Gavarret
c. 1255: Guillaume II. de Gaujac
1256–1259: Roger II.
1260–1283: Compaing
1284–1288: Bernard IV. de La Mothe
1289–1308: Guillard de Leduix (or Gérard I. de Leduix)
c. 1308: Pierre-Raymond de Monein
1309–1322: Guillaume-Arnaud I.
1323–1341: Arnaud III. de Valensun
1342–1347: Bernard V. d'En Julia
1348–1370: Pierre II. d'Estiron
1371–1395: Guillaume III. d'Assat
c. 1396: Armand-Guilhem de Bury (Avignon nomination)
Pierre Laforgue (?) (Avignon nomination)
c. 1404: Sance I. Muller (Avignon nomination)
c. 1396: Ogier Vilesongnes (?) (Rome nomination)
c. 1404: Pierre III. de Montbrun (Rome nomination, Administrator)
c. 1412–1417: Pierre IV. Salet (Rome nomination)
1417–1421: Pierre IV. Salet (Schism resolved)
1422–1426: Guicharnaud (or Guillaume-Arnaud II.)
1426–1434: Guiraux d'Araux (or Gérard II. d'Araux)
1435–1450: Arnaud-Raymond I. d'Espagne
1450–1465: Garsias I. de Faudoas
1466–1475: Garsias II. de La Mothe
1475–1491: Sance II. de Casenave
1494–1499: Jean I. de Pardailhan
1497-1506: Cardinal Juan López (Administrator)
1507–1519: Arnaud-Raymond II. de Béon (Cardinal Amanieu d'Albret, Administrator)
c. 1520: Cardinal Jean Salviati (Administrator)
1521–1534: Jacques de Foix
1539–1555: Gérard Roussel
1550–1580: Claude Orégon
1599–1623: Arnaud IV. de Maytie
1623–1646: Arnaud V. de Maytie
1647: Louis de Bassompierre
1648–1652: Pierre V. de Gassion
1653–1658: Jean III. de Miossens-Sansons
1661–1682?: Arnaud-François de Maytie
1682–1704: Charles de Salettes
1704: Antoine de Maigny
1705–1735: Joseph de Révol
1735–1742: Jean-François de Montillet de Grenaud
1742–1783: François de Révol
1783–1790: Jean-Baptiste-Auguste de Villoutreix
26 April 1791 − 1793: Barthélémy-Jean-Baptiste Sanadon
