Richard Arnold "Groove" Holmes (May 2, 1931 in Camden, New Jersey – June 29, 1991 in St. Louis, Missouri) was an American jazz organist who performed in the hard bop and soul jazz genre. He is best known for his 1965 recording of "Misty", and is considered a precursor of acid jazz.
Holmes' first album, on Pacific Jazz with guest Ben Webster, was recorded in March 1961.
He recorded many albums for Pacific Jazz, Prestige Records, Groove Merchant and Muse Records, many of which featured Houston Person.
Holmes died after a long struggle with prostate cancer, having performed his last concerts in a wheelchair. One of his last gigs was at the 1991 Chicago Blues Festival with his longtime friend, singer Jimmy Witherspoon. A year after his death, the Beastie Boys honoured Holmes by adding an organ-based instrumental track, "Groove Holmes", to their album Check Your Head.
"Groove" (Les McCann Presents the Dynamic Jazz Organ of Richard "Groove" Holmes) [also released as That Healin' Feelin' ] (Pacific Jazz, 1961) – with Ben Webster
Groovin' with Jug (Pacific Jazz, 1961) – with Gene Ammons
Somethin' Special (Pacific Jazz, 1962) – with Les McCann
After Hours (Pacific Jazz, 1961–1962)
Tell It Like It Tis (Pacific Jazz, 1961–1962 [rel. 1966])
Book of the Blues Vol. 1 (Warner Bros., 1964) – with Onzy Matthews' orchestra
A Bowl of Soul (Loma/WB, 1966 [rel. 1967]) – with Onzy Matthews' orchestra [note: reissued on Groove Hut (#66707) in 2009]
Blues For Spoon And Groove (Surrey, 1965) – with Jimmy Witherspoon [reissued as Groovin' and Spoonin' on Olympic/Everest in 1973]
Soul Message (Prestige, 1965; CD reissue: OJC, 1988) [note: includes the original "full–length" version (6:00) of "Misty"]
Living Soul (Recorded Live! at Count Basie's) (Prestige, 1966)
On Basie's Bandstand [live] (Prestige, 1966 [rel. 2003])
Soul Mist! (Prestige, 1966 [rel. 1970])
Misty (Prestige, 1965–1966; CD reissue: OJC, 1992)
Spicy! (Prestige, 1966)
Super Soul (Prestige, 1967) – with Richard Evans
Get Up & Get It! (Prestige, 1967)
Soul Power! (Prestige, 1967)
The Groover! (Prestige, 1968)
That Healin' Feelin' (Prestige, 1968) – with Rusty Bryant
Welcome Home (World Pacific, 1968)
Workin' on a Groovy Thing (World Pacific, 1968)
X–77: Richard "Groove" Holmes Recorded Live at the Lighthouse (World Pacific, 1969)
Come Together (World Pacific, 1970) – with Ernie Watts
Comin' on Home (Blue Note, 1971)
American Pie (Groove Merchant, 1972)
Night Glider (Groove Merchant, 1973)
Giants of the Organ Come Together (Groove Merchant, 1973) – with Jimmy McGriff
Giants of the Organ in Concert (Groove Merchant, 1973) – with Jimmy McGriff
New Groove (Groove Merchant, 1974)
Onsaya Joy (Flying Dutchman, 1974)
Theme From 'Six Million Dollar Man' and Other Selections (Flying Dutchman, 1975)
I'm in the Mood for Love (Flying Dutchman, 1976)
Shippin' Out (Muse, 1977)
Good Vibrations (Muse, 1977 [rel. 1980]) – with Houston Person, Bob DeVos, Idris Muhammad
Dancing in the Sun (Versatile, 1978)
Star Wars/Close Encounters (Versatile, 1978)
Broadway (Muse, 1980; reissue: 32 Jazz, 1998) – with Houston Person
Swedish Lullaby (Sison, 1984)
Blues All Day Long (Muse, 1988; reissue: 32 Jazz, 1999) – with Cecil Bridgewater, Houston Person, Jimmy Ponder
African Encounter (Muse, 1988)
Hot Tat (Muse, 1989 [rel. 1991]) – with Cecil Bridgewater, Houston Person, Jimmy Ponder
Richard "Groove" Holmes: Jazz Milestone Series (Pacific Jazz, 1966) (compilation of Pacific Jazz material)
The Best of Richard "Groove" Holmes (Prestige, 1969) (compilation of Prestige material)
The Best of Richard "Groove" Holmes: For Beautiful People (Prestige, 1970) (another compilation of Prestige material)
Hunk–a–Funk (Groove Merchant, 1975) (compilation of Night Glider + New Groove)
Supa Cookin' (Groove Merchant, 1975) – with Jimmy McGriff (compilation of Giants of the Organ Come Together + Giants of the Organ in Concert)
Blue Groove (Prestige, 1994) (compilation of Get Up & Get It! + Soul Mist!)
Groovin' With Groove (LRC [Lester Radio Corporation], 1995) (compilation of Groove Merchant material)
After Hours (Pacific Jazz, 1996) (compilation of After Hours + Tell It Like It Is)
Legends of Acid Jazz: Richard "Groove" Holmes (Prestige, 1997) (compilation of The Groover! + That Healin' Feelin')
Groove's Groove (32 Jazz, 1998) (compilation of Muse albums: Shippin' Out, Good Vibrations, Broadway, Blues All Day Long)
Legends of Acid Jazz: Richard "Groove" Holmes – Spicy (Prestige, 1999) (compilation of Living Soul + Spicy!)
The Best of the Pacific Jazz Years (Pacific Jazz/EMI, 2001) (compilation of Pacific Jazz material)
Timeless: Richard "Groove" Holmes (Savoy Jazz/Denon, 2003) (compilation of Muse material)
Super Soul (Prestige, 2004) (compilation of Soul Power! + Super Soul)
With Earl Bostic
Jazz As I Feel It (King, 1963; reissued as Complete Quintet Recordings on Lone Hill Jazz in 2006) -with Joe Pass
A New Sound (King, 1964; reissued as Complete Quintet Recordings on Lone Hill Jazz in 2006) -with Joe Pass
With Willis Jackson
In Chateauneuf-du-Pape 1980 [also released as Ya Understand Me?] (Disques Black And Blue, 1980; Muse, 1984; reissued as Live On Stage (The Definitive Black & Blue Sessions) on Black & Blue in 2003 with 3 bonus tracks)
With Eric Kloss
Love and All That Jazz (Prestige, 1966)
With Les McCann
Les McCann Sings (Pacific Jazz, 1961)
With Lou Rawls
Black And Blue (Capitol, 1963)
With Dakota Staton
Madame Foo Foo (Groove Merchant, 1972)
With Gerald Wilson
You Better Believe It! (Pacific Jazz, 1961)
Eternal Equinox (Pacific Jazz, 1969)
