Preceded by Gideon Granger Resting place Mound Cemetery Preceded by Samuel H. Huntington Name Return Meigs, Succeeded by John McLean | Preceded by John Smith Role Former Governor of Ohio Preceded by New District Education Yale University | |
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President James Madison
James Monroe Born November 17, 1764
Middletown, Connecticut ( 1764-11-17 ) Died March 29, 1825, Marietta, Ohio, United States Party Democratic-Republican Party | ||
Previous office Senator (OH) 1808–1810 Service/branch United States Army | ||
Return Jonathan Meigs Jr. (/ˈmɛɡz/; November 17, 1764 – March 29, 1825) was a Democratic-Republican politician from Ohio. He served as the fourth Governor of Ohio, fifth United States Postmaster General, and as a United States Senator.
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Early life
Meigs was born in Middletown in the Colony of Connecticut on November 17, 1764. He was the son of Return J. Meigs Sr. and the descendant of early Puritan settlers in Massachusetts. He graduated from Yale College in 1785 and studied law there. In 1788, after being admitted to the bar in Connecticut, he moved to Marietta, Ohio, where his father had been one of the first settlers, arriving earlier that year.
Career
In Marietta, Meigs was a lawyer, storekeeper and farmer, as well as serving in public offices. He was appointed the first court clerk for the court established at Marietta in 1788. When a post office was established in Marietta in 1794, he became its first postmaster. In 1798 he was named to a judgeship on the Northwest Territory's territorial court, and in 1799 he won election to the territorial legislature.
In 1803 he was appointed the first Chief Justice of the Ohio State Supreme Court. In October 1804, he resigned this position to become commandant of U. S. troops in the St. Charles district of the Louisiana Territory. He attained the rank of Brevet Colonel and retain the command until 1806. In 1805 he was chosen as judge of the Supreme Court of Louisiana and then in 1807, Judge of the United States District Court for the Michigan Territory.
He returned to Ohio in 1807 to run for governor. He won the election, but was declared ineligible for failing to meet the residency requirements. He then was appointed to the U.S. Senate to finish the term of John Smith and was re-elected to his own term a year later. He resigned in late 1810 after winning the governorship.
He served two two-year terms, resigning in April 1814 when appointed Postmaster general by President Madison. His service as Postmaster General was not without controversy. Congress investigated him twice, and he was cleared both times. The size of the Post office doubled during his tenure, which implicated financial difficulties. He served until 1823, when he retired due to ill health and returned to Marietta. Meigs died in Marietta on March 29, 1825, and is buried in Marietta's Mound Cemetery. His grave is marked by a large monument bearing a long inscription reciting his public services and family devotion.
Family
Meigs was married in 1788 to Sophia Wright, and they had one child, a daughter named Mary. Return J. Meigs Jr. did not have a direct male heir, but two of his younger brothers, John and Timothy, each named a son Return Jonathan Meigs. The first of these—called Return J. Meigs III—passed the bar in Frankfort, Kentucky, commenced law practice in Athens, Tennessee, and became prominent in Tennessee state affairs before the Civil War. He moved to Staten Island, New York, however, at the time of Tennessee's secession from the Union in 1861. Among those men who read law under his tutelage in Tennessee was William Parish Chilton who would become Chief Justice of the Alabama Supreme Court.
Timothy's son, Return J. Meigs IV, married Jennie Ross, daughter of principal Cherokee chief John Ross, and emigrated to Oklahoma on the Trail of Tears.
Legacy
Meigs County, Ohio is named in his honor. (Meigs County, Tennessee is named for his father.) Fort Meigs in Perrysburg, Ohio was named in his honor during the War of 1812 by William Henry Harrison.