The Replacement Army (German: Ersatzheer) was part of the German Army during World War I and part of the Wehrmacht during World War II. It was based within Germany proper and included command and administrative units as well as training and guard troops.
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In the Third Reich
It was formed in the various German military districts (Wehrkreise) and was tasked with the conscription, training and replacement of personnel, testing of new military equipment, and responsibility for soldiers on home leave.
The Ersatzheer played a crucial role in the Operation Valkyrie scheme which was used for the 20 July plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler and arrest the SS troops for a coup d'etat.
Commanding officers
References
Replacement Army Wikipedia(Text) CC BY-SA