Refractory cytopenia of childhood (RCC) is a subgroup of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), having been added to the World Health Organization classification in 2008. Before then, RCC cases were classified as childhood aplastic anemia. RCC is the most common form of MDS in children.
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Clinical features
Symptoms result from underproduction of red blood cells (weakness, pallor, failure to thrive, pica), white blood cells (recurrent or overwhelming infection), and/or platelets (bleeding).
Bone marrow transplant is the only known curative treatment.
Histopathologic features
The bone marrow of patients with RCC contains islands of erythroid precursors and spare granulocytes.
References
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