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Rayleigh Crater is an impact crater in the Mare Australe quadrangle of Mars, located at 75.6°S latitude and 240.9°W longitude. It is 148.7 km in diameter and was named after Lord Rayleigh, and the name was approved in 1973 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). The pictures show layered features. These features may have resulted from the erosion of layers of mantle.
Why craters are important
The density of impact craters is used to determine the surface ages of Mars and other solar system bodies. The older the surface, the more craters present. Crater shapes can reveal the presence of ground ice.
References
Rayleigh (Martian crater) Wikipedia(Text) CC BY-SA