Preceded by Fevzi Cakmak Alma mater Turkish Naval Academy Nickname(s) "Hero of Hamidiye" Name Rauf Orbay Education Naval Academy Succeeded by Fethi Okyar | Full Name Huseyin Rauf Religion Sunni Islam Allegiance Ottoman Empire Role Turkish statesman Awards Medal of Independence | |
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Born 27 July 1881
Istanbul, Ottoman Empire ( 1881-07-27 ) Political party Progressive Republican Party (1923–1924) Died July 16, 1964, Istanbul, Turkey Party Progressive Republican Party Similar People Refet Bele, Ali Fuat Cebesoy, Kazim Karabekir, Fethi Okyar, Ismet Inonu | ||
Uğur anlatıyor: Rauf Orbay, Hamidiye ve Akın Harekatı hakkında özet bilgi.
Huseyin Rauf Orbay (27 July 1881 – 16 July 1964) was an Ottoman naval officer, Turkish statesman and diplomat.
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Huseyin Rauf was born in Istanbul in 1881 to an Abkhazian family. As an officer in the Ottoman Navy, he achieved fame for his actions as the captain of the cruiser Hamidiye during the First Balkan War. He was Chief of Naval Staff during World War I and by October 1918 was Minister of Marine and led the delegation that signed the Armistice of Mudros. Rauf Orbay also played a role in assisting Mustafa Kemal Ataturk in a near court-martial during a feud with Djemal Pasha and Enver Pasha.
On 31 October 1918, he signed Armistice of Mudros as the Minister of Navy, which ended the Ottoman Empire's participation in World War I. When the Turkish War of Independence began, he resigned from his position and went to Ankara to collaborate with Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. He was elected as a member of the representative committee in the Congress of Erzurum on 23 July 1919. He joined the Congress of Sivas as a delegate for Sivas on 4 September 1919 and was elected deputy chairman.
When the War of Independence ended he became the first Prime Minister of the new provisional Government of the Grand National Assembly on 11 August 1922. In 1924, he was one of the founders of the Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Firkasi (Progressive Republican Party) at the request of Ataturk as part of Ataturk's attempt to begin the tradition of multiparty democracy in the young Republic, in opposition to Ataturk's Republican People's Party. When this party was closed down in 1925 after Ataturk found that Islamist reactionaries had infiltrated its ranks, Rauf went to exile in Europe for 10 years. Later, he was cleared of all accusations and became a member of the Turkish parliament.
During World War II, Rauf Orbay was the Turkish ambassador in London, helping keep Turkey out of the war. He always firmly believed in the Republic of Turkey and always stressed that Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was the only person who could have organised and lead the transformation of the crumbling Ottoman Empire into modern Turkey.