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Raffinose

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Formula
  
C18H32O16

Boiling point
  
884 °C

Molar mass
  
504.42 g/mol

Raffinose molecular structure

Raffinose meaning


Raffinose is a trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose. It can be found in beans, cabbage, brussels sprouts, broccoli, asparagus, other vegetables, and whole grains. Raffinose can be hydrolyzed to D-galactose and sucrose by the enzyme α-galactosidase (α-GAL), an enzyme not found in the human digestive tract. α-GAL also hydrolyzes other α-galactosides such as stachyose, verbascose, and galactinol, if present. The enzyme does not cleave β-linked galactose, as in lactose.

Contents

O-α-d-Galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-[O-α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)]2-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2) β-d-frutofuranoside. Arrows indicate the points of hydrolysis by enzymes.

The raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) are alpha-galactosyl derivatives of sucrose, and the most common are the trisaccharide raffinose, the tetrasaccharide stachyose, and the pentasaccharide verbascose. RFOs are almost ubiquitous in the plant kingdom, being found in a large variety of seeds from many different families, and they rank second only to sucrose in abundance as soluble carbohydrates.

Raffinose broke apart into galactose and sucrose via the enzyme alpha-galactosidase.

Humans and other monogastric animals (pigs and poultry) do not possess the α-GAL enzyme to break down RFOs and these oligosaccharides pass undigested through the stomach and upper intestine. In the lower intestine, they are fermented by gas-producing bacteria that do possess the α-GAL enzyme and make carbon dioxide, methane or hydrogen—leading to the flatulence commonly associated with eating beans and other vegetables. α-GAL is present in digestive aids such as the product Beano.

Raffinose Raffinose

Procedures concerning cryopreservation have used raffinose to provide hypertonicity for cell desiccation prior to freezing. Either raffinose or sucrose is used as a base substance for sucralose.

Raffinose structure consisting of three single-molecule sugars (trisaccharide), galactose, and sucrose

What does raffinose mean


Molecular structure of raffinose consisting of galactose, glucose and fructose

References

Raffinose Wikipedia


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