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There are at least six types of protected areas of the Czech Republic.
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National Park
National park (Czech: národní park, abbreviated as NP) is a large area whose considerable part consists of natural ecosystems or ecosystems little affected by human activities in which the abiotic features, flora and fauna have unique scientific and educational importance on an international or national level. They are established by both Chambers of the Czech Parliament. As of 2007 there are 4 National Parks in the Czech Republic (with year of establishment and area in brackets):
Protected Landscape Area
Protected Landscape Area (Czech: chráněná krajinná oblast, abbreviated as CHKO) is a large area of harmonic landscape with a typical relief, with a considerable share of natural forest and permanent grassy ecosystems, there can also be preserved human settlement monuments (such as log cabins etc.). They are established by the Czech Government. As of 2007 there were 25 Landscape Protected Areas in the Czech Republic (with year of establishment and area in brackets):
National Nature Reserve
National Nature Reserve (Czech: Národní přírodní rezervace, abbreviated as NPR) is a smaller area of exceptional nature value, where a typical relief of typical geological composition is combined with ecosystems imnportant on an international or national level. They are established by the Czech Ministry of Environment.
Nature Reserve
Nature Reserve (Czech: Přírodní rezervace, abbreviated as PR) is a smaller area with concentrated nature features and ecosystems typical for a given geographical region. They are established by the appropriate Regional Government (Czech: krajský úřad) or Management of a National Park or Landscape Protected Area.
National Nature Monument
National Nature Monument (Czech: Národní přírodní památka, abbreviated as NPP) is a nature formation of a smaller area, usually geological or geomorphological formation, mineral or fossil collection locality or a habitat of endangered plants or animals in parts of ecosystems with a local environmental, scientific or esthetic importance. They are established by the Czech Ministry of Environment.
Nature Monument
Nature Monument (Czech: Přírodní památka, abbreviated as PP) is a nature formation of a smaller area, usually geological or geomorphological formation, mineral or fossil collection locality or a habitat of endangered plants or animals in parts of ecosystems with an international or national environmental, scientific or esthetic importance. They are established by the appropriate Regional Government (Czech: krajský úřad) or Management of a National Park or Landscape Protected Area.
Nature Park
Nature park (Czech: Přírodní park) is usually a large area serving the protection of a landscape against activities that could decrease its natural and esthetic value. They can be established by any State Environment Protection body.
Memorable Tree, Group of Trees or Alley
Memorable Tree, Group of Trees or Alley (Czech: Památný strom, skupina stromů nebo stromořadí). They can be established by any State Environment Protection body.
Notable Landscape Feature
Notable Landscape Feature (Czech: Významný krajinný prvek) is usually a natural, cultural or historical feature typical for a given locality or region. They can be established by any State Environment Protection body.
Specially Protected Species of Plants and Animals
Specially Protected Species of Plants and Animals (Czech: Zvláště chráněné druhy rostlin a živočichů) are those species or subspecies which are very rare, generally endangered, scientifically or culturally important. They are listed in a Czech Ministry of Environment regulation. As of 2003, there are 477 plant species, 27 fungus species and 191 animals on the list.