House Braganza Father Pedro I of Brazil | Name Princess of | |
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Tenure 30 October 1835 – 23 February 1845 Born 11 March 1822
Palace of Sao Cristovao, Rio de Janeiro, Kingdom of Brazil ( 1822-03-11 ) Died 13 March 1901(1901-03-13) (aged 79)
Nice, France Spouse Prince Louis, Count of Aquila Issue Prince Luigi, Count of Roccaguglielma
Princess Maria Isabella
Prince Filippo
Prince Maria Emanuele | ||
Princess Januária of Brazil ([ʒɐnuˈaɾiɐ mɐˈɾiɐ]; Januária Maria Joana Carlota Leopoldina Cândida Francisca Xavier de Paula Micaela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga; 11 March 1822 – 13 March 1901) was a Brazilian princess and Portuguese infanta (princess). She was the second daughter of Pedro I of Brazil and IV of Portugal and his wife Maria Leopoldina, Archduchess of Austria.
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Background
Januária was born at the Imperial Palace of São Cristóvão in Rio de Janeiro as an Infanta of Portugal during the reign of her grandfather John VI of Portugal. She was the second surviving daughter of Pedro and Leopoldina after the born of her older sister, Queen Maria II of Portugal, in 1819.
Heiress and marriage
From 1835 until 1845, she held the title Princess Imperial of Brazil, as the heir presumptive of her brother Emperor Pedro II. When her sister Maria was excluded from the Brazilian line of succession by law no. 91 of 30 October 1835, Januária became heir presumptive to the throne of the Empire of Brazil. Her younger brother Pedro II was then a minor, and consideration was given to declaring her regent, though this never materialized. As only a Brazilian member of the Imperial house could inherit the throne, it became critically important for marriages to be arranged for Januária Maria, Pedro II, and their sister Francisca.
Spouses for both Januária and Pedro II were found in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Her marriage to Prince Louis of the Two Sicilies, Count of Aquila (brother of Pedro II's new wife, Empress Teresa Cristina) was celebrated on 28 April 1844 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Her husband was a son of Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his second wife Maria Isabella of Spain. Friction developed between the Count of Aquila and the Emperor, and Januária Maria and Aquila were eventually permitted to leave Brazil in October 1844. In 1845, Januária Maria's position as heir presumptive, and the restrictions it entailed, was lost with the birth of Pedro II's first child, Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil.
The city of Januária in Minas Gerais was named in her honor. She died in Nice in 1901.
Children
Januária and Louis had four children: