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Born 4 April 1762Biebrich, Nassau-Usingen ( 1762-04-04 ) Issue Landgrave William of Hesse-KasselKarl FriedrichFriedrich WilhelmLudwig KarlGeorg KarlLuise Karoline Marie FriederikeMarie, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-StrelitzPrincess Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge Father Karl Wilhelm, Prince of Nassau-Usingen Died August 17, 1823, Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel Spouse Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (m. 1786–1823) Children Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel, Prince William of Hesse-Kassel, Princess Marie of Hesse-Kassel Parents Charles William, Prince of Nassau-Usingen, Countess Caroline Felizitas of Leiningen-Dagsburg House Nassau-Usingen, Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel Similar People Prince William of Hesse‑Kassel, Princess Augusta of Hesse‑Kassel, Louise of Hesse‑Kassel, Prince Adolphus - Duke of C, Princess Mary Adelaide | ||
Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen (German: Prinzessin Karoline Polyxena von Nassau-Usingen; 4 April 1762 – 17 August 1823) was the elder daughter of Karl Wilhelm, Prince of Nassau-Usingen, and wife of Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Kassel.
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Early life
Caroline was born at Biebrich, Nassau-Usingen the second child and first daughter of Karl Wilhelm, Prince of Nassau-Usingen (1735–1803), and his wife, Countess Caroline Felizitas of Leiningen-Dagsburg (1734–1810), daughter of Christian Karl Reinhard, Count of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Heidesheim.
Caroline, via her mother's roots among the Alsace lords of Leiningen, was a cousin of the Danish aristocrat, the Duke of Augustenborg, they both being direct descendants of the important Danish and Sleswicker magnate and statesman Frederik Ahlefeldt, 1st HRR Reichsgraf zu Rixingen, 1st Lensgreve of Langeland (1623-1686). This Danish connection played a role in Caroline's marriage.
Marriage and family
Caroline married on 2 December 1786 in Biebrich to Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (1747–1837), youngest child of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain, daughter of George II of Great Britain. The Landgrave and Prince Frederik was born a German (Hessian) aristocrat, a cadet son of a Landesfürstliche house, but had lived since his youth in Denmark, as had his two elder brothers. Frederik's two elder brothers married daughters of the deceased King of Norway and Denmark. However, there was no Danish royal daughter left to marry the youngest boy, Frederik, so he married a cousin of the Duke of Augustenborg, being Caroline of Nassau. Frederik was an infantry general in Danish service.
They had eight children: