The pomegranate ellagitannins, which include punicalagin isomers, are ellagitannins found in the fruit, rind (peel), bark or heartwood of pomegranates (Punica granatum).
As the chemistry of punicalagins became known it was found to be not unique to pomegranate. Punicalagins are present in numerous species of the genus Terminalia, species chebula Retz. (“Fructus Chebulae”), myriocarpa, catappa and citrina (tropical flowering trees historically used in African traditional medicine for antibiotic and antifungal purposes). They have also been isolated from Cistus salvifolius (a Mediterranean shrub) and Combretum molle (an African shrub).
Pomegranate fruits natural phenols can be extracted with ethyl acetate and fractionation can afford the ellagitannin punicalagins.
A few dietary supplements and nutritional ingredients are available that contain extracts of whole pomegranate and/or are standardized to punicalagins, the marker compound of pomegranate. Extracts of pomegranate are also 'Generally Recognized As Safe' (GRAS) by the United States.
Pedunculagin, a compound found in the pericarp of the pomegranate (Punica granatum).Punicacortein A, a compound found in the bark of P. granatum and in Osbeckia chinensisPunicacortein B, a compound found in the bark of P. granatumPunicacortein C, a compound found in the bark of P. granatumPunicacortein D, a compound found in the bark and heartwood of P. granatumPunicafolin, a compound found in the leaves of Punica granatumPunigluconin, a compound found in the bark of P. granatum and in Emblica officinalisPunicalagin, a compound found in the pericarps of P. granatumPunicalin, a compound found in pomegranates or in the leaves of Terminalia catappaGranatin A, a compound found in the pericarp of P. granatumGranatin B, a compound found in the fruit of P. granatumDiellagic acid rhamnosyl (1→4) glucopyranoside5-O-galloylpunicacortein D2-O-galloylpunicalinCasuarinin, a compound found in the pericarp of P. granatumGallagyldilactone, a compound found in the pericarp of P. granatumCorilagin, a compound found in the leaves of P. granatum and other speciesStrictinin, a compound found in the leaves of P. granatumother phenolicsEllagic acid, a constitutive compound of ellagitanninsGallagic acid, a compound found in many ellagitannins1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, a compound found in the leaves of P. granatum1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, a compound found in the leaves of P. granatum and the common precursor of gallotannins and the related ellagitanninsBrevifolin, a compound found in the leaves of P. granatumBrevifolin carboxylic acid, a compound found in the leaves of P. granatum3,6-(R)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-(α/β)-C-glucopyranose, a compound found in the leaves of P. granatum1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-C-glucopyranose, a compound found in the leaves of P. granatum1,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-C-glucopyranose, a compound found in the leaves of P. granatum3,4,8,9,10-pentahydroxydibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one, a compound found in the leaves of P. granatum
