Puneet Varma (Editor)

Piping guan

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Kingdom
  
Order
  
Scientific name
  
Aburria

Rank
  
Genus

Phylum
  
Chordata

Family
  
Higher classification
  
Piping guan Bluethroated pipingguan photo Pipile cumanensis G140824 ARKive

Lower classifications
  
Black‑fronted piping guan, Blue‑throated piping guan, Trinidad piping guan, Wattled guan, Red‑throated piping guan

Black fronted piping guan endangered bird


The piping guans are a bird genus, Pipile, in the Cracidae family. A recent study (Grau et al. 2005), evaluating mtDNA, osteology and biogeography data (Grau et al., 2005) concluding that the wattled guan belongs in the same genus as these and is a hypermelanistic piping guan. Thus, Pipile became a junior synonym of Aburria, though this conclusion was not accepted by the South American Checklist Committee (Remsen et al., 2007), or evaluated by the IOC, so the classification remains in Pipile.

Contents

Piping guan Blackfronted pipingguan photo Pipile jacutinga G91045 ARKive

The same results also showed that the light-faced taxa pipile, cumanensis and cujubi are not, as was sometimes suggested, conspecific. However, free interbreeding between A. cujubi and A. cumanensis grayi in eastern Bolivia, creating a "hybrid swarm", casts doubt on this conclusion for the two species named (Remsen et al., 2007, citing del Hoyo and Motis, 2004).

Piping guan Blackfronted pipingguan photo Pipile jacutinga G20654 ARKive

It was possible to confidently resolve that the white-faced species form a clade, whereas the more basal black-faced forms are of less certain relationship. Possibly, the black-fronted piping guan is the basalmost taxon, but the placement of the wattled guan in regard to its congeners is not all too well resolved. Blue wattles evolved only once, in a lineage which seems to have originated north of the Amazon River. The piping guans' radiation began in the latter half of the Early Pliocene, roughly 4-3.5 mya. The white-faced lineage emerged around 3 mya and its present diversity began to evolve around the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary, when the ancestors of the red-throated piping guan and the blue-wattled taxa split. Due to not being calibrated by material evidence such as fossils, the divergence times cannot be estimated with a high confidence (Grau et al. 2005).

The origin of the genus was possibly in the general area of eastern Bolivia, at the very margin of its current range. From the phylogeny outlined above, the piping guans would be expected to have originated in the southern Brazilian lowlands. However, although the relationships of the genera of guans are not entirely clear, it seems most likely that the group originated in the northern Andes region: The northernmost guan genera Chamaepetes and Penelopina appear to be basal divergences, and Pipile is most likely closer to Penelope (which represents a generally southward radiation out of the northern Andes) than to these.

Piping guan Trinidad piping guan videos photos and facts Pipile pipile ARKive

Thus it appears most likely that the present genus diverged in the eastern foothills of the Andes somewhere in the vicinity of Bolivia, far to the northwest from where its origin would be presumed from the phylogeny and present-day distribution of Pipile alone (Pereira et al. 2002, Grau et al. 2005). Two considerations are worthy of note: First, the time at which the ancestor of the piping guans diverged from Penelope has been roughly dated to the Burdigalian, some 20-15 mya, which leaves a considerable gap during which no surviving piping guan lineage evolved (Pereira et al. 2002). Secondly, it is notable that in the Late Pliocene, rising sea levels transformed much of the South American lowlands into brackish lagoon habitat unsuitable for piping guans. Thus, the present distribution is apparently a relict, and extinction of populations/displacement by the more resilient Penelope guans seems to have played as much or possibly more of a role in shaping the diversity of piping guans of our time than emergence of new lineages (Grau et al. 2005).

Piping guan httpsuploadwikimediaorgwikipediacommonsthu

Piping guan at the toronto zoo


Species

Piping guan Blackfronted piping guan Wikipedia

  • Black-fronted piping guan, Pipile jacutinga
  • Red-throated piping guan, Pipile cujubi
  • Trinidad piping guan, Pipile pipile
  • Blue-throated piping guan, Pipile cumanensis
  • Gray's piping guan, Pipile cumanensis grayi
  • References

    Piping guan Wikipedia


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