Religion Catholic Education Vilnius University Role Priest | Name Piotr Semenenko Nationality Polish | |
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Born June 29, 1814 ( 1814-06-29 ) Died November 18, 1886, Paris, France | ||
Piotr Semenenko (June 29, 1814 - November 18, 1886) was a leading Polish theologists of the Roman Catholic Church in the 19th century. He was a catholic priest, co-founder and superior general of the Resurrectionists, where he was the creator of the main spiritual ideas of the Congregation (Resurrectionist School of Spirituality). Philosopher and theologian, he was regarded as one of the most scholarly members of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland in the second part of the 19th century.
Contents
- Biography
- Congregation of the Resurrection of Our Lord Jesus Christ
- Polish Pontifical College in Rome
- Collaboration with the Holy See
- Spiritual director
- Death
- Writings
- References
He was an author of many philosophical and theological works, as well as on the interior life. He left massive correspondence, as well as a personal diary.
Biography
Peter Semenenko was born on June 29, 1814 in Dzięciołowo in north-east Poland. In 1830, he started his studies at the University of Wilno in the Department of Philosophy, but soon interrupted them because he decided to join the November Uprising against Russian invaders. He emigrated to France in 1832. While in Paris, he met Bogdan Jański in 1833, who soon became his spiritual director and master. Under his influence, Semenenko returned to the Catholic faith and became the first member of the “Jański House” in 1836, which was the beginning of the Congregation of the Resurrection.
After the early death of Jański in 1840 in Rome, Semenenko was elected the first superior and spiritual leader of the new community. When he finished his theological studies at the Collegium Romanum (1837–41), he was ordained to the priesthood on December 5, 1841, although not without difficulties from Russian authorities.
Congregation of the Resurrection of Our Lord Jesus Christ
As a main co-founder of the order, he wrote the rule of 1842 and was the principal editor of the (1850 - 1880) rules. He also was superior general of the Congregation from 1842-1845 and 1873-1886.
Polish Pontifical College in Rome
In 1865, he founded and was the first rector of the Polish Pontifical College in Rome. Between 1865-1938, many alumni of the college accepted and adopted Resurrectionist spirituality. Many also went on to become outstanding priests, bishops, archbishops, and cardinals, including some have been beatified and even canonized. E.g. Józef Dąbrowski, St. Józef Sebastian Pelczar, St. Józef Bilczewski.
Collaboration with the Holy See
Fr. Peter Semenenko actively collaborated with the Holy See. He was an expert on Polish and Eastern matters and, because of his knowledge, he was held in high esteem by popes Gregory XVI, Pio IX and Leo XIII. He worked as a consultor for the Sacred Congregations:
- of the Index (since 1857)
- and the Holy Office (since 1873) [now: Doctrine of Faith].
His work was highly praised, and his statements were taken as final on a regular basis. He was a member of the prestigious Papal Academies:
- Accademia della Religione Cattolica (since 1859),
- and Accademia degli Arcadi (since 1874).
He was an outstanding erudite and freely able to discuss even the most subtle problems.
Spiritual director
He was a highly respected priest, confessor and spiritual leader of many lay and religious persons, i.a.: blessed Celine Borzęcka and Hedwig Borzęcka, Blessed Francis Siedliska, Blessed Marceline Darowska. He was a co-founder or helped to found many women’s religious congregations, e.g.: Sisters of the Immaculate Conception, Sisters of the Resurrection, Felician Sisters, Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth, Consolers of the Sacred Heart (Belgium), Sisters of Adoration Réparatrice (France).
He preached in various churches in Poland, France, Belgium, Bulgaria and Rome.
Much of his attention went towards the youth. He desired to inspire their devotion to science and holiness. He laid the foundation for the Resurrectionist system of education.
Death
Fr. Peter Semenenko, CR died on November 18, 1886 in Paris, France in the odor of sanctity. His remains rest in the Resurrectionist’s church in Rome (via San Sebastianello 11). Beatification process was started shortly after World War II.
Pope Leo XIII, upon hearing of Fr. Peter’s death, stated: ”Father Semenenko was so esteemed in the whole city of Rome for his virtues. He was the soul of your Congregation and sacrificed his life for its welfare.”
Writings
--, A Light Shining in the World: Sermons on Faith and Man's Resurrection (Lulu.com: Warsaw, 2012)