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Phase conjugation is a physical transformation of a wave field where the resulting field has a reversed propagation direction but keeps its amplitudes and phases.
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Description
It is distinguished from Time Reversal Signal Processing by the fact that phase conjugation uses an holographic or parametric pumping whereas time reversal records and re-emits the signal using transducers.
Both techniques allow an amplification of the conjugate wave compared to the incident wave.
As in time reversal, the wave re-emitted by a phase conjugation mirror will auto-compensate the phase distortion and auto-focus itself on its initial source, which can be a moving object.
Time reversal has a remarkable property of reflected wave fields. Phase conjugation of wave field means the inversion of linear momentum and angular momentum of light.
Phase conjugation methods exist in two main domains: