Active 1 June 1958 – present Branch German Army Size ~5,000 men | Country Germany Role Intervention forces Part of 1st Armoured Division | |
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The Panzerlehrbrigade 9 (9th Armoured Demonstration Brigade) is a formation of about 5,000 men strong within the German Armed Forces or Bundeswehr, which is subordinated to the 1st Armoured Division in Hanover. The bulk of the brigade is stationed in Munster. Two battalions are based in Neustadt am Rübenberge. The brigade has become the "showcase of the German Army" as a result of its German Army Combat Vehicle and Aircraft Demonstration Exercises (Informationslehrübung Gefechts- und Luftfahrzeuge des Deutschen Heeres) which it has conducted for decades. These exercises demonstrate the capability of the Army's fighting vehicles and aircraft and how they operate jointly in various scenarios. The formation is classified as an armoured brigade within the Bundeswehr's intervention forces.
Contents
Mission
As part of the intervention forces the Brigade plans and carries out missions involving networked, multinational, combined arms, high intensity warfare operations. In addition it plans, prepares and executes tasks in the low to medium intensity part of the spectrum of operations i.e. it provides and reinforces stabilisation forces. The Brigade is capable of leading combined arms operations in a multinational and joint environment under the direction of a divisional command, in mobile and networked operations. To do so its main weapon systems are the Leopard 2 Mark A6, main battle tank, the Marder infantry fighting vehicle and the PzH 2000 howitzer. The Marders will soon be replaced by the Puma which is already being put through its paces in the 92nd Panzer Grenadier Demonstration Battalion, which forms part of the Brigade.
Aa a training force, the Brigade supports the career-linked training associated with the leadership development of armoured combat units through numerous training exercises, as well as training the Bundeswehr's Staff College, the Army Officer Training School and other arms schools. The Brigade demonstrates the appropriate official procedures in a rigorous and methodical way, from the handling of combat materiel to the combined arms live-firing at reinforced battle group level. As well as supporting the Armoured Warfare School with demonstration exercises, Panzerlehrbrigade 9 is also involved in the development of armoured warfare concepts and tries out new weapons systems, equipment and tactics as a trials brigade.
Formation sign and shoulder flashes
The Brigade's formation sign displays the white Saxon stallion on a red background mounted on the white-bordered, yellow and white coat of arms. The horse recalls the dukes of the House of Welf and the Kingdom of Hanover. The original Saxon emblem was adopted by the Welf dukes, from 1235 titled the dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg, as an additional coat of arms. As a result of the unification of part of the Lüneburg-Brunswick region with the principality and, later, Kingdom of Hanover, the Saxon stallion was adopted in 1705 by the kingdom on its inescutcheon, the main shield being divided vertically into yellow and white halves. With the founding of Lower Saxony the Saxon stallion on a red shield has been the insignia of the state since 1952. Not until 2006 did the Brigade adopt this coat of arms for reasons of tradition. It was the insignia of Panzergrenadierbrigade 1 which was taken out of service at the end of 2007, and whose former subordinate units, 33 Tank Battalion and 141 Logistic Battalion, joined Panzerlehrbrigade 9. In addition the shield is identical with the formation sign of the 1st Armoured Division apart from the white border. The old formation sign until 2006 displayed two crossed swords and an L for Lehrbrigade on a red background with a red border. This was identical with the sign of the Armoured Corps Training Centre apart from the substitution of the letter "S" with the letter "L". The Bundespräsident conferred the arm band of Panzerlehrbrigade 9 on 24 September 1987 as a visible sign of the recognition it was due.
Active units
In fall 2015 the brigade began to raise a third Panzer Battalion, which will be include a Dutch tank company and will join the Royal Netherlands Army's 43rd Mechanized Brigade in 2018 as 414th Panzer Battalion.
Former units
Beginnings
The first demonstration battalion in the Bundeswehr was established in Munster Camp in 1956. The district administrator, Karl-Theodor Molinari, and a doctor, Dr. Hermann Wulf, gave up their professions to serve as commanders of the new tank (Panzerlehrbataillon) and armoured infantry (Panzergrenadierlehrbataillon) demonstration battalions. 71 volunteers, mostly war veterans, were stationed in the main camp of what is now Hindenburg Barracks. In 1958, the battalions, which were part of "Army Structure 1", consisted of four fighting companies, a HQ company and a supply company. The armoured infantry battalion was subordinated to the armoured infantry school (Panzergrenadierschule) and the tank battalion to the armoured corps school (Panzertruppenschule).
In accordance with the implementation order of 1 July 1958, the staff and headquarters company of the armoured demonstration battle group (Panzerlehrkampfgruppe) in Munster was established in the firing camp (today Örtzetal Barracks) with immediate effect and subordinated to the armoured corps school. In 1958 the demonstration units led the three-week demonstration and trial exercise ("LV 58"). This exercise tested the future organization of the Army from an organizational and strategic perspective. It concluded in Bergen-Hohne with demonstrations of the various weapon systems and their performance under the eyes of the Federal Chancellor, Konrad Adenauer. In 1959 the two demonstration battalions were grouped into the newly formed brigade, Panzerlehrbrigade 9. The brigade was initially part of 3rd Armoured Division in Buxtehude and its first commander was Brigadier General Wilhelm von Roeder.
At the end of 1959 ("Army Structure 2") the brigade incorporated a headquarters company, 11 Reconnaissance Battalion, 92 Armoured Infantry Demonstration Battalion, 93 Tank Demonstration Battalion, 95th Artillery Demonstration Battalion, 96 Supply Demonstration Battalion (established 1 February 1959), 90 Armoured Engineer Demonstration Company and 20 Infantry Demonstration Company. In 1960 the HS 30 infantry fighting vehicle replaced the 1960 M39 armoured utility vehicle, the artillery were given the new M109G howitzer and the 4th company of 93 Tank Battalion became the first in the German Army to receive the Leopard 1 main battle tank.
Restructuring and deployments abroad
Panzerlehrbrigade 9 was temporarily subordinated to 7th Armoured Division in Düsseldorf on the disbandment of the 3rd Armoured Division in 1994, but transferred in 1996 to the 1st Armoured Division in Hanover. In the reorganisation known as Heeresstruktur 5 the following units were placed under the Brigade: 92 Armoured Infantry Demonstration Battalion, 93 and 334 "Celle" Tank Demonstration Battalions, 95 and 325 Armoured Artillery Demonstration Battalions, 3 Armoured Recce Demonstration Battalion, 90 Armoured Recce Demonstration Company and 90 Armoured Engineer Demonstration Company (Panzergrenadierlehrbataillon 92, Panzerlehrbataillone 93 and Panzerlehrbataillon 334 "Celle", Panzerartillerielehrbataillone 95 and 325, Panzeraufklärungslehrbataillon 3, Panzeraufklärungslehrkompanie 90 and Panzerpionierlehrkompanie 90).
In 2002 the Brigade deployed to Bosnia-Hercegovina and in 2004/2005 was part of the 10th KFOR deployment in Kosovo. In addition, elements of the Brigade formed part of the 15th KFOR operational deployment to the Balkans and the 12th ISAF deployment in Afghanistan. In order to be self-contained, Panzerlehrbrigade 9 was reinforced in July 2006 by 33 Tank Battalion and 141 Logistic Battalion from Luttmersen as well as 90 Recce Demonstration Company from Munster. The actual strength of the brigade is around 4,700 soldiers, of which around 3,000 are based in Munster. In 2006, 325 Armoured Artillery Demonstration Battalion from Schwanewede moved to Munster to optimise the cohesion of the brigade's combat troops. As a result of the inclusion of Panzerlehrbrigade 9 in the Bundeswehr's overseas deployments, its demonstration activity had to be reduced. Until the end of the Cold War the Brigade laid on about 50 demonstrations per year for national and international audiences in order to demonstrate the reliability and capability of the German Army.
The Bundeswehr has turned into a deployable armed force. From September 2006 to May 2007 about 1,400 soldiers of the formations and independent units of the demonstration brigade were deployed in Kosovo and Afghanistan. A particular highlight was the deployment of the Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) in Feyzabad, in North Afghanistan, who contributed to the reconstruction of the country. During that time, they succeeded in building kindergartens financed by donations from Germany, offering Afghan children the opportunity of playing and being cared for in permanent accommodation.
In mid May 2008 about 1,500 soldiers of Panzerlehrbrigade 9 were deployed as part of the 20th German deployment to the Balkans or were held in readiness as RRF forces. Following the end of the deployment, the Brigade had to complete its regrouping of intervention forces, conducting further training in order to make its soldiers ready for further potential operations as part of 1st Armoured Division.
Commanders
The following officers have commanded the Brigade:
Mission and organisation
The battalion is capable of deploying within 20 days and carrying out operational tasks in high intensity conflict as part of a multinational operation or, after a short period of mission-specific training, a range of other tasks. In peacetime it prepares for this through training and exercising its personnel and equipment. The battalion is divided into the following companies:
Insignia and history
The background of its coat of arms is in Prussian black and white, as on the Iron Cross, the emblem of the Bundeswehr itself. The banners on the spears of the old Prussian-German cavalry since the wars of liberation were also black and white and have thus become the symbol of the armoured corps as well, which is seen as the successor to the heavy cavalry. The palm tree inside the escutcheon has been battalion symbol since 1958 and recalls that of the Afrika Korps in the old German Army, the Wehrmacht.
In 1958 the first two tank companies in the battalion in Munster was established with M47 tanks. In 1960 the unit was given M48 main battle tanks. In 1965 the unit moved from Barme to Neustadt am Rübenberge. In 1966 it was given the first Leopard 1 main battle tanks. In 1981 the battalion received its first Leopard 2 battle tanks. In 1992 after the end of the Cold War the battalion was transferred from 3rd Armoured Brigade, in Nienburg and subordinated to 21 Armoured Brigade, in Augustdorf. In 1999 the battalion deployed to Albania and Kosovo, then in 2001 to Kosovo and Macedonia. In 2002 it was transferred first to the 1st Mechanized Infantry Brigade, in Hildesheim and then to the 9th Panzerlehrbrigade in July 2006. From October 2006 to February 2007 elements of Panzerbataillons 33 were used as the operational battalion within Multinational Task Force South/PRIZREN as part of the KFOR mission. The battalion then deployed in the first half of 2009 as the ORF (Operational Reserve Force) Battalion for EUFOR and KFOR.
Mission and organisation
As one of three armoured battalions in the intervention forces of the Germany Army its main task is training for and participating in the peace enforcement and peacekeeping operations of the Bundeswehr. 93 Armoured Demonstration Battalion supports Panzerlehrbrigade 9 and the Munster Training School in the basic and continuation training of military leaders of armoured fighting troops. The battalion is divided into:
Coat of arms and history
The insignia of the 93rd Armoured Demonstration Battalion was designed at the end of the 1960s. Its background is Panzerrot ("armour red"), the colour of the armoured troops, "L" means Lehrtruppe or "demonstration troops", the number 93 is the battalion's number and the iron cross is that of the Bundeswehr. On 1 April 1956 the battalion was formed in Munster, the first armoured battalion in the Bundeswehr. In 1959 it was given its present designation. In 1997 it moved within Munster from Schulz Barracks to Freiherr von Boeselager Barracks (its present location). 93 Armoured Demonstration Battalion has Panzerlehrbataillon 93 has proved its capability especially in recent years by inter alia carrying out exercises entitled "Combat and Air Vehicles of the German Army" and "Capability of the German Army across the Entire Mission Spectrum". For several years soldiers of the battalion have been deployed on international operations by the Bundeswehr with SFOR, EUFOR, KFOR and ISAF.