Geographic
distribution Indochina | ||
 | ||
Linguistic classification Austroasiatic
Khasi–Palaungic
Palaungic Glottolog east2331 (East Palaungic)
west2791 (West Palaungic) | ||
The nearly thirty Palaungic or Palaung–Wa languages form a branch of the Austroasiatic languages.
Contents
Most of the Palaungic languages lost the contrastive voicing of the ancestral Austroasiatic consonants, with the distinction often shifting to the following vowel. In the Wa branch, this is generally realized as breathy voice vowel phonation; in Palaung–Riang, as a two-way register tone system. The Angkuic languages have contour tone — the U language, for example, has four tones, high, low, rising, falling, — but these developed from vowel length and the nature of final consonants, not from the voicing of initial consonants.
Diffloth & Zide (1992)
The Palaungic family includes at least three branches, with the position of some languages as yet unclear. Lamet, for example, is sometimes classified as a separate branch. The following classification follows that of Diffloth & Zide (1992), as quoted in Sidwell (2009:131).
Some researchers include the Mangic languages as well, instead of grouping them with the Pakanic languages.
Sidwell (2010)
The following classification follows the branching given by Sidwell (2010, ms).
Sidwell (2014) proposes an additional branch, consisting of: