Nationality Germany Fields Physics | Role Physicist Name Otto Stern | |
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Institutions University of RostockUniversity of HamburgCarnegie Institute of TechnologyUniversity of California, Berkeley Known for Stern–Gerlach experimentSpin quantizationMolecular ray methodStern–Volmer relationship Notable awards Nobel Prize in Physics (1943) Education Goethe University of Frankfurt, University of Wroclaw | ||
Otto stern symposium 2013 vortrag klaus von klitzing
Otto Stern (17 February 1888 – 17 August 1969) was a German physicist and Nobel laureate in physics. He was the second most nominated person for a Nobel Prize with 82 nominations in the years 1925–1945 (most times nominated is Arnold Sommerfeld with 84 nominations), ultimately winning in 1943.
Contents
- Otto stern symposium 2013 vortrag klaus von klitzing
- Otto stern symposium 2013 er ffnungsansprache roland wiesendanger
- Biography
- References
Otto stern symposium 2013 er ffnungsansprache roland wiesendanger
Biography
Stern was born into a Jewish family (father Oskar Stern and mother Eugenia née Rosenthal) in Sohrau (now Żory) in Upper Silesia, the German Empire's Kingdom of Prussia (now in Poland). He studied at Breslau, now Wrocław in Lower Silesia.
Stern completed his studies at the University of Breslau in 1912 with a doctor's degree in physical chemistry. He then followed Albert Einstein to Charles University in Prague and in later to ETH Zurich. Stern received his Habilitation at the University of Frankfurt in 1915 and in 1921, he became a professor at the University of Rostock, which he left in 1923 to work at the newly founded Institut für Physikalische Chemie at the University of Hamburg.
After resigning from his post at the University of Hamburg in 1933 because of the Nazis' Machtergreifung (seizure of power), he became professor of physics at the Carnegie Institute of Technology.
As an experimental physicist Stern contributed to the discovery of spin quantization in the Stern–Gerlach experiment with Walther Gerlach in February 1922 at the Physikalischer Verein in Frankfurt am Main; demonstration of the wave nature of atoms and molecules; measurement of atomic magnetic moments; discovery of the proton's magnetic moment; and development of the molecular ray method which is utilized for the technique of molecular beam epitaxy.
He was awarded the 1943 Nobel Prize in Physics, the first to be awarded since 1939. He was the sole recipient in Physics that year, and the award citation omitted mention of the Stern–Gerlach experiment, as Gerlach had remained active in Nazi-led Germany.
Stern died of a heart attack in Berkeley, California on 17 August 1969.