Role Statistician | Name Oscar Kempthorne Awards R. A. Fisher Lectureship | |
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Institutions Rothamsted Experimental StationIowa State University Alma mater Clare College at Cambridge University Doctoral students Sidney AddelmanJohn AleongVirgil AndersonJohn Leroy FolksFranklin GraybillCharles Roy HendersonKlaus Heinrich HinkelmannThomas Neil ThrockmortonRobert WhiteMartin WilkGeorge Zyskind Known for Randomization analysis of randomized experiments"Iowa school" of analysis of varianceDesign of experimentsGenetics Died November 15, 2000, Annapolis, Maryland, United States Education University of Cambridge, Clare College, Cambridge Books Design and Analysis of Experime, Design and Analysis of Experime, Design and Analysis of Experime, The Design and Analysis, An introduction to genetic | ||
Residence Ames, Iowa, United States Other notable students Walter Federer | ||
Oscar kempthorne from observation to inference 1991 part 1
Oscar Kempthorne (January 31, 1919 – November 15, 2000) was a statistician and geneticist known for his research on randomization-analysis and the design of experiments, which had wide influence on research in agriculture, genetics, and other areas of science. Born in St Tudy, Cornwall and educated in England, Kempthorne moved to the United States, where he was for many decades a professor at Iowa State University.
Contents
- Oscar kempthorne from observation to inference 1991 part 1
- Oscar kempthorne from observation to inference 1991 part 2
- Randomization analysis
- Model based analysis
- Appointments
- Writings about Oscar Kempthorne
- References
Oscar kempthorne from observation to inference 1991 part 2
Randomization analysis
Kempthorne developed a randomization-based approach to the statistical analysis of randomized experiments, which was expounded in pioneering textbooks and articles. Kempthorne's insistence on randomization followed the early writings of Ronald Fisher, especially on randomized experiments.
Kempthorne is the founder of the "Iowa school" of experimental design and analysis of variance. Kempthorne and many of his former doctoral students have often emphasized the use of the randomization distribution under the null hypothesis. Kempthorne was skeptical of "statistical models" (of populations), when such models are proposed by statisticians rather than created using objective randomization procedures.
Kempthorne's randomization-analysis has influenced the causal model of Donald Rubin; in turn, Rubin's randomization-based analysis and his work with Rosenbaum on propensity score matching influenced Kempthorne's analysis of covariance.
Model-based analysis
Oscar Kempthorne was skeptical towards (and often critical of) model-based inference, particularly two influential alternatives: Kempthorne was skeptical of, first, neo-Fisherian statistics, which is inspired by the later writings of Ronald A. Fisher and by the contemporary writings of David R. Cox and John Nelder; neo-Fisherian statistics emphasizes likelihood functions of parameters.
Second, Kempthorne was skeptical of Bayesian statistics, which use not only likelihoods but also probability distributions on parameters. Nonetheless, while subjective probability and Bayesian inference were viewed skeptically by Kempthorne, Bayesian experimental design was defended. In the preface to his second volume with Hinklemann (2004), Kempthorne wrote,
We strongly believe that design of experiment is a Bayesian experimentation process, . . . one in which the experimenter approaches the experiment with some beliefs, to which he accommodates the design. (xxii)
Appointments
Kempthorne served as professor of statistics at Iowa State University.