Historically, the Orkoiyot was the supreme chief of the Nandi and Kipsigis people of Kenya. He held the dual roles of chief spiritual and military leader, and had the authority to make decisions regarding security particularly the waging of war. Notable holders of this office were the Orkoiyot Kimnyole Arap Turukat and the Orkoiyot Koitalel Arap Samoei.
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Origins
The office is hereditary and was established by Kipsegun, a Segela Maasai who belonged to the Talai clan. The Talai are a widespread Kalenjin clan and among the Nandi are aligned with the Lion Totem.
Administrative structure of the Nandi
The Orkoiik were recognized across Nandi as being at the head of the governance system. They did not however play a large role in the affairs of everyday life; which were handled by the Kiruogik, heads of the districts and direct representatives of the people.
Kiruogik
The Kiruogindet (pl. Kiruogik) was spokesman or counselor chosen by the people in each district (pororioret). They were responsible to the Orkoiyot through the Maotiot for the good governance of their respective districts and the enrollment of troops in time of war.
Maotik
The Orkoiyot appointed one Maotiot (pl. Maotik) in each district to represent the Orkoiyot at the district level.