Orders of battle for Downfall

Allied

United States

U.S. Sixth Army (Gen. Walter Krueger)

Yakushima and Koshikijima Islands — 40th Infantry Division (Brig. Gen. Donald Myers) (22,000 men)

Tanegashima — 158th Infantry Regiment (Brig. Gen. Hanford MacNider) (7,600 men)

Miyazaki — U.S. I Corps (Maj. Gen. Innis P. Swift) (95,000 men):

25th Infantry Division, 33rd Infantry Division, 41st Infantry Division

Ariake — U.S. XI Corps (Maj. Gen. Charles P. Hall) (113,000 men):

1st Cavalry Division, 43rd Infantry Division, Americal Division, 112th Cavalry Group

Kushikino — U.S. V Amphibious Corps (Maj. Gen. Harry Schmidt) (99,000 men):

2nd Marine Division, 3rd Marine Division, 5th Marine Division

6th Army reserves — U.S. IX Corps (Maj. Gen. Charles W. Ryder) (79,000 men):

77th Infantry Division, 81st Infantry Division, 98th Infantry Division;

11th Airborne Division (Maj. Gen. Joseph M. Swing) (15,000 men)

U.S. Third Fleet (Adm. William F. Halsey):

20 CV and CVL;

9 BB;

26 CB, CA, CL, CLAA;

75 DD

U.S. Fifth Fleet (Adm. Raymond A. Spruance):

36 CVE;

11 BB;

26 CA and CL;

387 DD and DE;

394 AKA, AP, APA, APD, APH;

977 LSD, LSM, LST, and LSV

U.S. Seventh Fleet (Adm. Thomas C. Kinkaid):

Far East Air Forces (Gen. George C. Kenney) (119,000 men):

Fifth, Seventh, Thirteenth Air Force

14 bomber groups, 10 fighter groups

U.S. Army Strategic Air Forces (Gen. Carl A. Spaatz, Maj. Gen. Curtis LeMay)

Twentieth Air Force (Lt. Gen. Nathan Twining) (77,000 men)

1,000 B-29 Superfortresses

Eighth Air Force (Lt. Gen. Jimmy Doolittle)

British Commonwealth

British Pacific Fleet (operating as part of Third Fleet):

6 fleet and light fleet carriers

Tiger Force (detached from RAF Bomber Command):

480–580 Avro Lancaster bombers (about half to be used as tankers for in-flight refuelling)

Australian First Tactical Air Force

20 fighter/attack squadrons from the Royal Australian Air Force

Japan

Second General Army (Field Marshal Shunroku Hata)

16th Area Army (Lt. Gen. Yokoyama Isamu) (600,000 men)

Northern Kyūshū—56th Army (Lt. Gen. Ichiro Shichida)

145th Div.

312th Div.

351st Div.

124th IM Brig.

57th Div. (20,000 men)

4th Tank Brig.

Southeastern Kyūshū—57th Army (Lt. Gen. Nishihara Kanji) (150,000 men):

Tanegashima—109th IM Brig. (5,900 men)

Miyazaki—154th Div., 156th Div.; 212th Div. (55,000 men)

Ariake—86th Div., 98th IM Brig., 1 reg., 3 inf. bat. (29,000 men)

25th Div., 5th Tank Brig., 6th Tank Brig.

Southwestern Kyūshū—40th Army (Lt. Gen. Nakazawa Mitsuo) (85,000 men):

303rd Div. (12,000 men) (Sendai)

206th Div. (Fukiage)

146th Div., 125th IM Brig. (S. Satsuma Peninsula)

77th Div. 1 tank reg.

216th Div. 4 brig.

Air General Army (Gen. Masakazu Kawabe)

Sixth Air Army — Kyūshū

5,000 aircraft assigned as kamikazes, 5,000 aircraft available for kamikaze service, 7,000 aircraft in need of repair

100 Koryu-class midget submarines, 250 Kairyu-class midget submarines, 1,000 Kaiten manned torpedoes, 800 Shinyo suicide boats

Allied

United States

U.S. First Army (Gen. Courtney H. Hodges):

U.S. III Amphibious Corps:

1st Marine Division, 4th Marine Division, 6th Marine Division

U.S. XXIV Corps:

7th Infantry Division, 27th Infantry Division, 96th Infantry Division,

Follow-on corps:

5th Infantry Division, 44th Infantry Division, 86th Infantry Division

U.S. Eighth Army (Lt. Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger):

U.S. X Corps:

24th Infantry Division, 31st Infantry Division, 37th Infantry Division

U.S. XIII Corps:

13th Armored Division, 20th Armored Division

U.S. XIV Corps:

6th Infantry Division, 32nd Infantry Division, 38th Infantry Division

Follow-on corps:

4th Infantry Division, 8th Infantry Division, 87th Infantry Division

Army Forces Pacific Reserve:

97th Infantry Division

Follow-on corps:

2nd Infantry Division, 28th Infantry Division, 35th Infantry Division

Follow-on corps:

91st Infantry Division, 95th Infantry Division, 104th Infantry Division

11th Airborne Division,

British Commonwealth

Commonwealth Corps, (Lt. Gen. Charles Keightley):

British 3rd Infantry Division, 6th Canadian Infantry Division, Australian 10th Division

Japan

All Japanese formations on Honshu were badly understrength and lacking in equipment. The American First Army's landings would likely have been opposed by the Japanese 52nd Army and the Eighth Army's landings by the Japanese 53rd Army.

First General Army (Field Marshal Hajime Sugiyama

Twelfth Area Army (Gen. Shizuichi Tanaka)

36th Army - Urawa, Saitama

81st Infantry Division

93rd Infantry Division

201st Infantry Division

202nd Infantry Division

206th Infantry Division

214th Infantry Division

1st Armored Brigade

4th Armored Brigade

51st Army - Tsuchiura, Ibaraki

44th Infantry Division - Ogawa

151st Infantry Division - Mito

221st Infantry Division - Kashima

115th Independent Mixed Brigade -　Shibasaki

116th Independent Mixed Brigade - Hokota

7th Independent Armored Brigade - Ogawa

52nd Army - Sakura, Chiba

3rd Imperial Guards Division - Naruto

147th Infantry Division - Mobara

152nd Infantry Division - Choshi

234th Infantry Division - Sōsa

3rd Independent Armored Brigade

8th Artillery Headquarters

53rd Army - Isehara, Kanagawa

84th Infantry Division -Odarawa

140th Infantry Division - Kamakura

316th Infantry Division - Isehara

117th Independent Mixed Brigade - Numazu

2nd Independent Armored Brigade - Tsudanuma

11th Artillery Headquarters - Hiratsuka

Tokyo Bay Garrison - Choshi, Chiba

321st Infantry Division - Tokyo