Kingdom Animalia Subfamily Dendrocolaptinae Scientific name Sittasomus griseicapillus Higher classification Sittasomus Order Passerine | Family Furnariidae Tribe Dendrocolaptini Phylum Chordata Rank Species | |
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Genus Sittasomus
Swainson, 1827 Similar Woodcreeper, Boat‑billed flycatcher, Southern rough‑winged swallow, Xiphorhynchus, Grey‑breasted martin | ||
Olivaceous woodcreeper
The olivaceous woodcreeper (Sittasomus griseicapillus) is a passerine bird of the tropical Americas. It belongs to the true woodcreepers (tribe Dendrocolaptini) of the ovenbird family (Furnariidae).
Contents
It is the only member of the genus Sittasomus, but includes 15 vocally and morphologically distinct subspecies in 5 groups, some of which are candidates for a future split.
Olivaceous woodcreeper
Description and Ecology
This small woodcreeper is a slender bird, typically 13.1–19.3 cm (5.2–7.6 in) long, and weighing 8.6–18 g (0.30–0.63 oz). The head, upper back and underparts are lighter or darker greyish olive, and the wings, tail and lower back are light rufous. The bill is short and thin.
The normal call is a fast, high-pitched trill wu-wu-wu-we-we-we-we-ee-ee-ee-ee-we-we-we-we, but this varies geographically.
It breeds from southern Mexico through tropical Central and South America to northern Argentina and Uruguay, and also on Tobago. The species is found throughout the Amazon basin, but is absent from its lowest reaches, including much of the adjacent Guyanas.
There, the subspecies of the northeastern Amazon (S. g. axillaris) ranges at least to the Pakaraima Mountains, where it is fairly common at 1,200–1,400 m (3,900–4,600 ft) ASL, descending to about 850 m (2,790 ft) ASL on occasion. The olivaceous woodcreeper has also been recorded from extreme southern Guyana and the Essequibo River (which may be its eastern limit in the region). It is apparently completely absent from eastern Guyana eastwards through Suriname and French Guyana.
In Uruguay, it has yet been found only in some places of in Cerro Largo Department, but it is by no means rare within this limited range. The species has been recorded at the Yaguarón River near the Cuchilla de Mangrullo, as well as in the Sierra de los Ríos.
The olivaceous woodcreeper is a common and widespread bird of forests and other woodlands. It feeds on insects and spiders. It normally forages on tree trunks or large branches or on the ground, usually singly.
These birds may associate with foraging groups of golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia) to snatch prey startled by the monkeys. They can also be occasionally seen catching flying prey like termites in mid-air, and will sometimes join mixed-species feeding flocks. In some places (e.g. in the Serra de Paranapiacaba of Brazil), they may even form a core species of such flocks.
It builds a nest lined with dead leaves in a tree hole and lays three white eggs.
Due to its extremely wide range, the olivaceous woodcreeper is not considered a threatened species by the IUCN.