Education Civil Engineering Alma mater Cornell University Died September 10, 1925 | Name Olin Wheeler Spouse(s) Anna E. S. Burr | |
Born May 1, 1852 ( 1852-05-01 ) Mansfield, Ohio Occupation Historian, author, topographer Notable credit(s) Wonderland (1886), The Trail of Lewis and Clark (1914) Parent(s) Alfred and Lydia Curtis Wheeler | ||
Olin Dunbar Wheeler (May 1, 1852 – September 10, 1925) was an American historian, author and topographer.
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Early life
Olin Wheeler was born May 1, 1852 in Mansfield, Ohio to parents Reverend Alfred Wheeler and Lydia Curtis Wheeler. His brother Edward Jewett Wheeler later became the editor of The Literary Digest and Current History. Wheeler was educated at Baldwin University and Allegheny College. In 1874, Wheeler graduated with a degree in Civil Engineering from Cornell University.
Western exploration
Upon graduating from Cornell in 1874, Wheeler obtained employment with the Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region headed by geologist John Wesley Powell. In 1876, Wheeler was the assistant to John H. Renshawe, working on topographical surveys in southwestern Utah and southeastern Nevada. In 1877, Wheeler was the assistant of Professor A. H. Thompson who headed the triangulation party of the survey. The party operated in the region west of the Green River. Wheeler continued with the Powell survey until its conclusion in 1879.
After leaving the survey Wheeler obtained an appointment to work on the tenth United States census in Washington, DC. During summer months he was the disbursing officer at Virginia City, Nevada, and during the winters he was engaged in special census work at the Capital. He gained valuable experience as a special correspondent for various newspapers, writing on Congressional matters and public events.
In 1882 Wheeler married Anna E. S. Burr of Mount Vernon, Ohio and settled in St. Paul, Minnesota under the employment of Elias F. Drake, a prominent capitalist. Wheeler held this position until June, 1892.
Northern Pacific Railroad
In June 1892, Olin Wheeler was hired by the Northern Pacific Railroad to head its advertising, a position he held for 16 years. In 1893, he authored the first of many editions of the annual NPR travel guide, Wonderland which highlighted attractions along the route of the railroad in the west, including Yellowstone National Park and Alaska.
Lewis and Clark
Olin Wheeler published a two volume work The Trail of Lewis and Clark 1804-1904 in 1904 based upon actual travel over the trail. He was the first historian to produce a significant work about the Lewis and Clark expedition. Wheeler's book gave the general public his personal impressions of the story of the expedition, the waters they navigated and the land they traversed. The volumes contained two hundred illustrations and numerous images of important expedition scenes and landmarks photographed by the various professional photographers who accompanied him in his retracings of the route.
The identities of only a few of those photographers are known, including L. A. Huffman of Miles City, Montana, who was a protégé of Frank J. Haynes. A few images are in the Edward Ayer Collection at the Newberry Library in Chicago, but an intensive search for original prints or negatives of the remaining photos included in The Trail has been fruitless.