Built 1684 (1684) Opened 1684 Added to NRHP 3 December 1998 | NRHP Reference # 98001383 Area 3 ha | |
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Location 410 Meetinghouse Rd., Mashpee, Massachusetts Address 410 Meetinghouse Rd, Mashpee, MA 02649, USA Architectural styles Greek Revival architecture, Italianate architecture, American Colonial Similar Mashpee Wampanoag Indian Mu, Attaquin Park, Mashpee and Wakeby, South Cape Beach St, Aptucxet Trading Post Mus | ||
The Old Indian Meeting House (also known as the Old Indian Church) is a historic meeting house at 410 Meetinghouse Road in Mashpee, Massachusetts. Built in 1684, the meetinghouse is the oldest Native American church in the eastern United States and the oldest church on Cape Cod. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.
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Description
The Old Indian Meeting House stands on the east side of Meetinghouse Road, north of its junction with Falmouth Street. It is located at the western end of a cemetery which extends between the two roads, on 7 acres (2.8 ha) of land that extend to the junction. It is a 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof and clapboarded exterior. It has a Greek Revival exterior, with corner pilasters rising to entablatures that run along the roofline on the sides. There are two symmetrically placed entrances on the front facade, each framed by pilasters and a corniced entablature. A triangular transom window is set in the gable above, and there are fixed-pane windows above the entrances.
History
The first church to be built in Mashpee was built in 1670. In 1684, a second meeting house was built on the site of the first by Deacon John Hinckley. That building was moved about 1717 to another site in Mashpee. In 1758, a meeting house is described as being at the present site; it is unclear whether this is was an altered version of the 1684 building, moved to this site and enlarged, or whether it was a new construction. It was used by the Wampanoag Native Americans as a Christian church. In 1717 the church was moved from its original location in the town to its current one, and the building was remodeled. The building also served as a school. In the late eighteenth century, a cemetery ("burial ground") was founded on the church grounds.
With almost four centuries of Native American leadership and ministry, the Old Meeting House is a place of historic and spiritual significance to the Mashpee Wampanoag tribe. In 1833 it was the site of the famous Mashpee Revolt, when tribal members and their minister, William Apess (Pequot), protested state intrusions on their self-governance, and white settlers' theft of wood from tribal lands. The site was re-dedicated in 1923 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. In 2009, the Mashpee tribe celebrated its reconstruction and formal re-opening.