November 23

Events

534 BC – Thespis of Icaria becomes the first recorded actor to portray a character onstage.

1174 – Saladin enters Damascus, and adds it to his domain.

1248 – Conquest of Seville by Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile.

1499 – Pretender to the throne Perkin Warbeck is hanged for reportedly attempting to escape from the Tower of London. He had invaded England in 1497, claiming to be the lost son of King Edward IV of England.

1510 – First campaign of the Ottoman Empire against the Kingdom of Imereti (modern western Georgia). Ottoman armies sack the capital Kutaisi and burn Gelati Monastery.

1531 – The Second War of Kappel results in the dissolution of the Protestant alliance in Switzerland.

1644 – John Milton publishes Areopagitica, a pamphlet decrying censorship.

1733 – The start of the 1733 slave insurrection on St. John in what was then the Danish West Indies.

1808 – French and Poles defeat the Spanish at Battle of Tudela.

1810 – Sarah Booth debuts at the Royal Opera House.

1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Chattanooga begins: Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant reinforce troops at Chattanooga, Tennessee, and counter-attack Confederate troops.

1867 – The Manchester Martyrs are hanged in Manchester, England, for killing a police officer while freeing two Irish nationalists from custody.

1876 – Corrupt Tammany Hall leader William Magear Tweed (better known as Boss Tweed) is delivered to authorities in New York City after being captured in Spain.

1889 – The first jukebox goes into operation at the Palais Royale Saloon in San Francisco.

1890 – King William III of the Netherlands dies without a male heir and a special law is passed to allow his daughter Princess Wilhelmina to succeed him.

1910 – Johan Alfred Ander becomes the last person to be executed in Sweden.

1914 – Mexican Revolution: The last of U.S. forces withdraw from Veracruz, occupied seven months earlier in response to the Tampico Affair.

1918 – Heber J. Grant succeeds Joseph F. Smith as the seventh president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

1924 – Edwin Hubble's discovery, that the Andromeda "nebula" is actually another island galaxy far outside of our own Milky Way, is first published in The New York Times.

1934 – An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the Ogaden discovers an Italian garrison at Walwal, well within Ethiopian territory. This leads to the Abyssinia Crisis.

1936 – Life magazine is reborn as a photo magazine and enjoys instant success.

1939 – World War II: HMS Rawalpindi is sunk by the German battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau.

1940 – World War II: Romania becomes a signatory of the Tripartite Pact, officially joining the Axis powers.

1943 – World War II: The Deutsche Opernhaus on Bismarckstraße in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg is destroyed. It will eventually be rebuilt in 1961 and be called the Deutsche Oper Berlin.

1943 – World War II: Tarawa and Makin atolls fall to American forces.

1946 – French naval bombardment of Hai Phong, Vietnam, kills thousands of civilians.

1953 – Pilot Felix Moncla and Lieutenant Robert Wilson disappear while in pursuit of a mysterious craft over Lake Superior.

1955 – The Cocos Islands are transferred from the control of the United Kingdom to that of Australia.

1959 – French President Charles de Gaulle declares in a speech in Strasbourg his vision for "Europe, from the Atlantic to the Urals".

1963 – The BBC broadcasts the first episode of An Unearthly Child (starring William Hartnell), the first story from the first series of Doctor Who, which is now the world's longest running science fiction drama.

1971 – Representatives of the People's Republic of China attend the United Nations, including the United Nations Security Council, for the first time.

1972 – The Soviet Union makes its final attempt at successfully launching the N1 rocket.

1974 – Sixty Ethiopian politicians, aristocrats, military officers, and other persons are executed by the provisional military government.

1976 – Apneist Jacques Mayol is the first man to reach a depth of 100 m undersea without breathing equipment.

1978 – Cyclone kills about 1000 people in eastern Sri Lanka.

1978 – The Geneva Frequency Plan of 1975 goes into effect, realigning many of Europe's longwave and mediumwave broadcasting frequencies.

1980 – The 6.9 Mw Irpinia earthquake shakes southern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme), killing 2,483–4,900, and injuring 7,700–8,934.

1981 – Iran–Contra affair: Ronald Reagan signs the top secret National Security Decision Directive 17 (NSDD-17), giving the Central Intelligence Agency the authority to recruit and support Contra rebels in Nicaragua.

1985 – Gunmen hijack EgyptAir Flight 648 en route from Athens to Cairo. When the plane lands in Malta, Egyptian commandos storm the aircraft, but 60 people die in the raid.

1992 – The first smartphone, the IBM Simon, is introduced at COMDEX in Las Vegas, Nevada.

1993 – Rachel Whiteread wins both the £20,000 Turner Prize award for best British modern artist and the £40,000 K Foundation art award for the worst artist of the year.

1996 – Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 is hijacked, then crashes into the Indian Ocean off the coast of Comoros after running out of fuel, killing 125.

2001 – The Convention on Cybercrime is signed in Budapest, Hungary.

2003 – Rose Revolution: Georgian president Eduard Shevardnadze resigns following weeks of mass protests over flawed elections.

2004 – The Holy Trinity Cathedral of Tbilisi, the largest religious building in Georgia, is consecrated.

2005 – Ellen Johnson Sirleaf is elected president of Liberia and becomes the first woman to lead an African country.

2006 – A series of bombings kills at least 215 people and injures 257 others in Sadr City, making it the second deadliest sectarian attack since the beginning of the Iraq War in 2003.

2007 – MS Explorer, a cruise liner carrying 154 people, sinks in the Antarctic Ocean south of Argentina after hitting an iceberg near the South Shetland Islands. There are no fatalities.

2009 – The Maguindanao massacre occurs in Ampatuan, Maguindanao, Philippines.

2010 – Bombardment of Yeonpyeong: North Korean artillery attack kills two civilians and two marines on Yeonpyeong Island, South Korea.

2011 – Arab Spring: After 11 months of protests in Yemen, Yemeni president Ali Abdullah Saleh signs a deal to transfer power to the vice president, in exchange for legal immunity.

2015 – Blue Origin's New Shepard space vehicle became the first rocket to successfully fly to space and then return to Earth for a controlled, vertical landing.

Births

870 – Alexander, Byzantine emperor (d. 913)

912 – Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 973)

1190 – Pope Clement IV (d. 1268)

1221 – Alfonso X of Castile (d. 1284)

1402 – Jean de Dunois, French soldier (d. 1468)

1417 – William FitzAlan, 16th Earl of Arundel, English politician (d. 1487)

1476 – Yeonsangun of Joseon, King of Korean Joseon Dynasty (d. 1506)

1496 – Clément Marot, French poet (d. 1544)

1508 – Francis, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1549)

1553 – Prospero Alpini, Italian physician and botanist (d. 1617)

1632 – Jean Mabillon, French monk and scholar (d. 1707)

1641 – Anthonie Heinsius, Dutch lawyer and politician (d. 1720)

1687 – Jean Baptiste Senaillé, French violinist and composer (d. 1730)

1705 – Thomas Birch, English historian and author (d. 1766)

1715 – Pierre Charles Le Monnier, French astronomer and author (d. 1799)

1719 – Spranger Barry, Irish actor (d. 1777)

1749 – Edward Rutledge, American captain and politician, 39th Governor of South Carolina (d. 1800)

1760 – François-Noël Babeuf, French journalist and activist (d. 1797)

1781 – Theodor Valentin Volkmar, German lawyer and politician, 1st Mayor of Marburg (d. 1847)

1785 – Jan Roothaan, Dutch priest, 21st Superior-General of the Society of Jesus (d. 1853)

1803 – Theodore Dwight Weld, American author and activist (d. 1895)

1804 – Franklin Pierce, American general, lawyer, and politician, 14th President of the United States (d. 1869)

1820 – Isaac Todhunter, English mathematician and author (d. 1884)

1837 – Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Dutch physicist and thermodynamicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1923)

1838 – Stephanos Skouloudis, Greek banker and politician, 97th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1928)

1858 – Albert Ranft, Swedish actor and director (d. 1938)

1860 – Hjalmar Branting, Swedish journalist and politician, 16th Prime Minister of Sweden, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1925)

1864 – Henry Bourne Joy, American businessman (d. 1936)

1868 – Mary Brewster Hazelton, American painter (d. 1953)

1869 – Valdemar Poulsen, Danish engineer (d. 1942)

1871 – William Watt, Australian accountant and politician, 24th Premier of Victoria (d. 1946)

1875 – Anatoly Lunacharsky, Russian journalist and politician (d. 1933)

1876 – Manuel de Falla, Spanish pianist and composer (d. 1946)

1878 – Frank Pick, English lawyer and businessman (d. 1941)

1883 – José Clemente Orozco, Mexican painter (d. 1949)

1886 – Eduards Smiļģis, Latvian actor and director (d. 1966)

1887 – Boris Karloff, English actor (d. 1969)

1887 – Henry Moseley, English physicist and chemist (d. 1915)

1888 – Harpo Marx, American actor and singer (d. 1964)

1889 – Harry Sunderland, Australian-English journalist and businessman (d. 1964)

1890 – El Lissitzky, Russian photographer and architect (d. 1941)

1892 – Erté, Russian-French illustrator and designer (d. 1990)

1896 – Klement Gottwald, Czechoslovak politician, President of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (d. 1953)

1896 – Tsunenohana Kan'ichi, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 31st Yokozuna (d. 1960)

1897 – Nirad C. Chaudhuri, Bangladeshi−English historian, author, and critic (d. 1999)

1897 – Karl Gebhardt, German physician and war criminal (d. 1948)

1899 – Manuel dos Reis Machado, Brazilian martial artist and educator (d. 1974)

1902 – Aaron Bank, American colonel (d. 2004)

1902 – Victor Jory, Canadian-American actor (d. 1982)

1905 – K. Alvapillai, Sri Lankan civil servant (d. 1979)

1906 – Betti Alver, Estonian author and poet (d. 1989)

1907 – Lars Leksell, Swedish physician and neurosurgeon (d. 1986)

1907 – Run Run Shaw, Chinese-Hong Kong businessman and philanthropist, founded Shaw Brothers Studio and TVB (d. 2014)

1908 – Nelson S. Bond, American author and playwright (d. 2006)

1909 – Nigel Tranter, Scottish historian and author (d. 2000)

1912 – George O'Hanlon, American actor and screenwriter (d. 1989)

1914 – Roger Avon, English actor (d. 1998)

1914 – Donald Nixon, American businessman (d. 1987)

1914 – Wilson Tucker, American projectionist and author (d. 2006)

1915 – John Dehner, American actor (d. 1992)

1915 – Marc Simont, French-American illustrator (d. 2013)

1915 – Anne Burns, British aeronautical engineer and glider pilot (d. 2001)

1916 – Michael Gough, Malaysian-English actor (d. 2011)

1916 – P. K. Page, English-Canadian author and poet (d. 2010)

1920 – Paul Celan, Romanian-French poet and translator (d. 1970)

1921 – Fred Buscaglione, Italian singer and actor (d. 1960)

1922 – Manuel Fraga Iribarne, Spanish politician, 3rd President of the Xunta of Galicia (d. 2012)

1922 – Võ Văn Kiệt, Vietnamese soldier and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Vietnam (d. 2008)

1923 – Daniel Brewster, American colonel, lawyer, and politician (d. 2007)

1923 – Billy Haughton, American harness racer and trainer (d. 1986)

1923 – Julien J. LeBourgeois, American admiral (d. 2012)

1923 – Gloria Whelan, American author and poet

1924 – Irvin J. Borowsky, American publisher and philanthropist (d. 2014)

1924 – Josephine D'Angelo, American baseball player and educator (d. 2013)

1924 – Paula Raymond, American model and actress (d. 2003)

1924 – Colin Turnbull, English-American anthropologist and author (d. 1994)

1925 – José Napoleón Duarte, Salvadoran engineer and politician, President of El Salvador (d. 1990)

1925 – Johnny Mandel, American composer and conductor

1925 – Elaine Horseman, English author and educator (d. 1999)

1926 – Sathya Sai Baba, Indian guru and philosopher (d. 2011)

1926 – R. L. Burnside, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2005)

1927 – John Cole, Irish-English journalist and author (d. 2013)

1927 – Guy Davenport, American author and scholar (d. 2005)

1927 – Angelo Sodano, Italian cardinal

1928 – Jerry Bock, American composer (d. 2010)

1928 – John Coleman, Australian rules footballer and coach (d. 1973)

1928 – Elmarie Wendel, American actress and singer

1929 – Hal Lindsey, American evangelist and author

1929 – Gloria Lynne, American singer (d. 2013)

1930 – Geeta Dutt, Indian singer and actress (d. 1972)

1930 – Robert Easton, American actor (d. 2011)

1930 – Jack McKeon, American baseball player and manager

1932 – Michel David-Weill, French-American banker

1932 – Kunie Tanaka, Japanese actor

1933 – Krzysztof Penderecki, Polish composer and conductor

1933 – Ali Shariati, Iranian sociologist and activist (d. 1977)

1934 – Lew Hoad, Australian tennis player (d. 1994)

1934 – Robert Towne, American actor, director, and screenwriter

1935 – Ken Eastwood, Australian cricketer

1935 – Vladislav Volkov, Russian engineer and astronaut (d. 1971)

1936 – Robert Barnard, English author, critic, and educator (d. 2013)

1936 – Steve Landesberg, American actor and screenwriter (d. 2010)

1936 – Mats Traat, Estonian poet and author

1937 – Graham Hearne, English lawyer and businessman

1938 – Patrick Kelly, English archbishop

1939 – Betty Everett, American singer and pianist (d. 2001)

1940 – Luis Tiant, Cuban-American baseball player and coach

1941 – Alan Mullery, English footballer and manager

1941 – Franco Nero, Italian actor and producer

1942 – Susan Anspach, American actress

1943 – Andrew Goodman, American activist (d. 1964)

1943 – Sue Nicholls, English actress

1943 – David Nolan, American activist and politician (d. 2010)

1943 – Petar Skansi, Croatian basketball player and coach

1944 – Joe Eszterhas, Hungarian-American screenwriter and producer

1944 – Peter Lindbergh, German-French photographer and director

1944 – James Toback, American actor, director, and screenwriter

1945 – Assi Dayan, Israeli actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2014)

1945 – Jim Doyle, American lawyer and politician, 44th Governor of Wisconsin

1945 – Keith Hampshire, English-Canadian singer-songwriter and radio host

1945 – Jerry Harris, American sculptor

1945 – Dennis Nilsen, Scottish serial killer

1945 – Tony Pond, English race car driver (d. 2002)

1946 – Ronald Smith, American Motorcycle enthusiast

1946 – Giorgos Koudas, Greek footballer and manager

1946 – Diana Quick, English actress

1946 – Bobby Rush, American soldier and politician

1947 – Jean-Pierre Foucault, French radio and television host

1948 – Bruce Vilanch, American actor and screenwriter

1948 – Frank Worthington, English footballer and manager

1949 – Tom Joyner, American radio host

1949 – Alan Paul, American singer-songwriter and actor (The Manhattan Transfer)

1949 – Sandra Stevens, English singer (Brotherhood of Man)

1949 – Jerry verDorn, American actor

1950 – Nrisingha Prasad Bhaduri, Indian indologist, author, and academic

1950 – Carlos Eire, Cuban-born American author and academic

1950 – Chuck Schumer, American lawyer and politician

1951 – Maik Galakos, Greek footballer and manager

1951 – David Rappaport, English-American actor (d. 1990)

1952 – Bill Troiano, American tuba player and educator

1953 – Steven Balbus the Savilian Professor of Astronomy at the University of Oxford

1953 – Rick Bayless, American chef and author

1953 – Francis Cabrel, French singer-songwriter and guitarist

1953 – Johan de Meij, Dutch trombonist, composer, and conductor

1953 – Martin Kent, Australian cricketer

1953 – Volodymyr Sabodan, Ukrainian metropolitan (d. 2014)

1954 – Pete Allen, English clarinet player and saxophonist

1954 – Ross Brawn, English engineer

1954 – Glenn Brummer, American baseball player

1954 – Bruce Hornsby, American singer-songwriter and pianist (The Other Ones)

1954 – Aavo Pikkuus, Estonian cyclist

1955 – Steven Brust, American singer-songwriter, drummer, and author (Cats Laughing)

1955 – Ludovico Einaudi, Italian pianist and composer

1955 – Dinos Kouis, Greek footballer and coach

1955 – Mary Landrieu, American politician

1956 – Bruce Edgar, New Zealand cricketer

1956 – Shane Gould, Australian swimmer and coach

1958 – Martin Snedden, New Zealand cricketer and lawyer

1959 – Maxwell Caulfield, English-American actor

1960 – Robin Roberts, American sportscaster and journalist

1961 – Keith Ablow, American psychiatrist and author

1961 – Nicolas Bacri, French composer

1961 – Merv Hughes, Australian cricketer

1961 – John Schnatter, American businessman, founded Papa John's Pizza

1961 – Peter Stanford, English journalist and author

1962 – Lance King, American singer-songwriter and producer (Avian, Balance of Power, Shining Star, and Empire)

1962 – Nicolás Maduro, Venezuelan union leader and politician, President of Venezuela

1963 – Gwynne Shotwell, American businesswoman, President and Chief Operating Officer of SpaceX

1963 – Mamoru Takuma, Japanese murderer (d. 2004)

1964 – Frank Rutherford, Bahamian triple jumper

1965 – Jennifer Michael Hecht, American historian, author, and poet

1965 – J. T. the Brick, American radio host

1966 – Vincent Cassel, French actor and producer

1966 – Kevin Gallacher, Scottish footballer and sportscaster

1966 – Jerry Kelly, American golfer

1967 – Gary Kirsten, South African cricketer and coach

1967 – Salli Richardson, American actress, director, and producer

1968 – Robert Denmark, English runner and coach

1968 – Hamid Hassani, Iranian lexicographer, linguist, and academic

1968 – Anthony Sullivan, English rugby league and union player

1968 – Kirsty Young, Scottish journalist

1969 – Olivier Beretta, Monégasque racing driver

1969 – Mike Lünsmann, German footballer

1969 – Robin Padilla, Filipino actor, martial artist, and screenwriter

1969 – Jonathan Seet, Singaporean-Canadian singer-songwriter and producer

1970 – Zoë Ball, English radio and television host

1970 – Oded Fehr, Israeli-American actor

1970 – Danny Hoch, American actor and screenwriter

1970 – Karsten Müller, German chess player and author

1971 – Khaled Al-Muwallid, Saudi Arabian footballer

1971 – Lisa Arch, American actress

1971 – Vin Baker, American basketball player and coach

1971 – Chris Hardwick, American comedian, actor, producer, and television host

1971 – Sajid Khan, Indian actor and singer

1972 – Chris Adler, American drummer

1972 – Alf-Inge Håland, Norwegian footballer

1974 – Juventud Guerrera, Mexican wrestler and sportscaster

1974 – Saku Koivu, Finnish ice hockey player

1974 – Malik Rose, American basketball player and sportscaster

1974 – Jamie Sharper, American football player

1976 – Cüneyt Çakır, Turkish footballer and referee

1976 – Page Kennedy, American actor and rapper

1976 – Tony Renna, American race car driver (d. 2003)

1976 – Murat Salar, German-Turkish footballer and manager

1976 – Kohei Suwama, Japanese wrestler

1977 – Myriam Boileau, Canadian diver

1977 – Adam Eaton, American baseball player

1977 – David Lucas, English footballer

1978 – Ali Güneş, German-Turkish footballer

1978 – Tommy Marth, American saxophonist (d. 2012)

1978 – Alison Mosshart, American singer-songwriter

1978 – Kayvan Novak, English actor, director, and screenwriter

1979 – Kelly Brook, English model and actress

1979 – Hiroaki Iwanaga, Japanese model and actor

1979 – Nihat Kahveci, Turkish footballer and manager

1980 – Ishmael Beah, Sierra Leonean child soldier and American author

1980 – David Britz, American nanotechnologist and engineer

1980 – Jonathan Papelbon, American baseball player

1982 – Colby Armstrong, Canadian ice hockey player

1982 – Dallas Johnson, Australian rugby league player

1982 – Igor Kuzmin, Estonian rower

1982 – Asafa Powell, Jamaican sprinter

1983 – Nasser Al-Shamrani, Saudi Arabian footballer

1983 – Fatih Yiğituşağı, Turkish footballer

1984 – Amruta Khanvilkar, Indian actress and dancer

1985 – Viktor Ahn, South Korean speed skater

1985 – Mike Tolbert, American football player

1986 – Maxene Magalona, Filipino model and actress

1986 – Luigi Scaglia, Italian footballer

1987 – Nicklas Bäckström, Swedish ice hockey player

1987 – Ossi Kanervo, Finnish figure skater

1988 – Sebastian Nachreiner, German footballer

1990 – Shaun Hutchinson, English footballer

1990 – Eddy Kim, South Korean singer-songwriter and guitarist

1990 – Alena Leonova, Russian figure skater

1991 – Ahmed Shehzad, Pakistani cricketer

1992 – Miley Cyrus, American singer-songwriter and actress

1992 – Gabriel Landeskog, Swedish ice hockey player

1994 – Wes Burns, Welsh footballer

1995 – Kelly Rosen, Estonian footballer

1996 – Lia Marie Johnson, American actress and singer

1996 – Anna Yanovskaya, Russian ice dancer

Deaths

386 – Jin Feidi, emperor of the Jin Dynasty (b. 342)

947 – Berthold, Duke of Bavaria (b. 900)

955 – Eadred, English king (b. 923)

1161 – Adam, Abbot of Ebrach

1183 – William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester (b. 1116)

1407 – Louis I, Duke of Orléans (b. 1372)

1457 – Ladislaus the Posthumous, Hungarian king (b. 1440)

1464 – Blessed Margaret of Savoy (b. 1390)

1499 – Perkin Warbeck, pretender to the English throne (b. c. 1474)

1503 – Bona of Savoy (b. 1449)

1503 – Margaret of York (b. 1446)

1572 – Bronzino, Italian painter and poet (b. 1503)

1585 – Thomas Tallis, English composer (b. c.1505)

1616 – Richard Hakluyt, English priest and author (b. 1552)

1682 – Claude Lorrain, French-Italian painter and engraver (b. 1604)

1763 – Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff, German field marshal and diplomat (b. 1673)

1769 – Constantine Mavrocordatos, Greek prince (b. 1711)

1803 – Roger Newdigate, English politician (b. 1719)

1804 – Richard Graves, English minister and author (b. 1715)

1804 – Ivan Mane Jarnović, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1747)

1807 – Jean-François Rewbell, French lawyer and politician (b. 1747)

1814 – Elbridge Gerry, American merchant and politician, 5th Vice President of the United States of America (b. 1744)

1833 – Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, French general and politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1762)

1890 – William III of the Netherlands (b. 1817)

1899 – Thomas Henry Ismay, English businessman, founded White Star Line (b. 1837)

1905 – John Burdon-Sanderson, English physiologist and academic (b. 1828)

1910 – Hawley Harvey Crippen, American physician and murderer (b. 1862)

1923 – Urmuz, Romanian lawyer and author (b. 1883)

1927 – Miguel Pro, Mexican priest and martyr (b. 1891)

1934 – Giovanni Brunero, Italian cyclist (b. 1895)

1937 – Jagadish Chandra Bose, Bangladeshi-Indian physicist, biologist, botanist, and archaeologist (b. 1858)

1937 – George Albert Boulenger, Belgian-English zoologist and botanist (b. 1858)

1937 – Miklós Kovács Hungarian-Slovene cantor and poet (b. 1857)

1948 – Hack Wilson, American baseball player (b. 1900)

1958 – Nikolaos Georgantas, Greek discus thrower (b. 1880)

1958 – Johnston McCulley, American author and screenwriter (b. 1883)

1966 – Seán T. O'Kelly, Irish politician, 2nd President of Ireland (b. 1882)

1970 – Yusof bin Ishak, Singaporean journalist and politician, 1st President of Singapore (b. 1910)

1972 – Marie Wilson, American actress (b. 1916)

1973 – Sessue Hayakawa, Japanese actor, director, and producer (b. 1889)

1974 – notable victims of the Massacre of the Sixty:

Abiye Abebe, Ethiopian general and politician (b. 1918)

Aman Andom, Ethiopian general and politician, President of Ethiopia (b. 1924)

Aklilu Habte-Wold, Ethiopian politician, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (b. 1912)

Asrate Kassa, Ethiopian commander (b. 1922)

Endelkachew Makonnen, Ethiopian politician, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (b. 1927)

1974 – Cornelius Ryan, Irish-American journalist and author (b. 1920)

1976 – André Malraux, French theorist and author (b. 1901)

1979 – Merle Oberon, Indian-American actress and singer (b. 1911)

1979 – Judee Sill, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1944)

1982 – Grady Nutt, American minister and author (b. 1934)

1983 – Juhan Muks, Estonian painter (b. 1899)

1983 – Waheed Murad, Pakistani actor, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1938)

1984 – Leonard Baker, American historian and author (b. 1931)

1990 – Roald Dahl, British novelist, poet, and screenwriter (b. 1916)

1990 – Bo Díaz, Venezuelan baseball player (b. 1953)

1991 – Klaus Kinski, German-American actor and director (b. 1926)

1992 – Roy Acuff, American singer-songwriter and fiddler (b. 1903)

1992 – Jean-François Thiriart, Belgian politician (b. 1922)

1994 – Art Barr, American wrestler (b. 1966)

1994 – Irwin Kostal, American songwriter, screenwriter, and publisher (b. 1911)

1995 – Louis Malle, French-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1932)

1995 – Junior Walker, American singer and saxophonist (b. 1931)

1996 – Mohamed Amin, Kenyan photographer and journalist (b. 1943)

1996 – Art Porter, Jr., American saxophonist and songwriter (b. 1961)

1997 – Jorge Mas Canosa, Cuban-American businessman (b. 1939)

2000 – Brian Rawlinson, English actor and playwright (b. 1931)

2000 – Rayner Unwin, English publisher (b. 1925)

2001 – Bo Belinsky, American baseball player (b. 1936)

2001 – Mary Whitehouse, English educator and activist (b. 1910)

2002 – Roberto Matta, Chilean-Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1911)

2004 – Pete Franklin, American radio host (b. 1928)

2005 – Constance Cummings, American-English actress (b. 1910)

2005 – Frank Gatski, American football player and soldier (b. 1919)

2006 – Jesús Blancornelas, Mexican journalist, co-founded Zeta Magazine (b. 1936)

2006 – Nick Clarke, English journalist (b. 1948)

2006 – Betty Comden, American actress, singer, and screenwriter (b. 1917)

2006 – Alexander Litvinenko, Russian spy and defector (b. 1962)

2006 – Philippe Noiret, French actor (b. 1930)

2006 – Anita O'Day, American singer (b. 1919)

2006 – Willie Pep, American boxer and referee (b. 1922)

2007 – Joe Kennedy, American baseball player (b. 1979)

2007 – Óscar Carmelo Sánchez, Bolivian footballer and manager (b. 1971)

2007 – Robert Vesco, American-Cuban financier (b. 1935)

2007 – Pat Walsh, New Zealand rugby union player (b. 1936)

2009 – José Arraño Acevedo, Chilean journalist and historian (b. 1921)

2010 – Nassos Daphnis, Greek-American painter and sculptor (b. 1914)

2010 – Joyce Howard, English-American actress (b. 1922)

2010 – Ingrid Pitt, Polish-born English actress (b. 1937)

2010 – James Tyler, American lute player and composer (b. 1940)

2011 – Jim Rathmann, American race car driver (b. 1928)

2012 – José Luis Borau, Spanish actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1929)

2012 – Chuck Diering, American baseball player (b. 1923)

2012 – Larry Hagman, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1931)

2012 – Diana Isaac, English-New Zealand businesswoman and philanthropist (b. 1921)

2013 – Connie Broden, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1932)

2013 – Jay Leggett, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1963)

2013 – Peter B. Lewis, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1933)

2013 – Wayne Mills, American singer-songwriter (b. 1969)

2013 – Costanzo Preve, Italian philosopher and theorist (b. 1943)

2014 – Marion Barry, American lawyer and politician, 2nd Mayor of the District of Columbia (b. 1936)

2014 – Dorothy Cheney, American tennis player (b. 1916)

2014 – Metropolitan Mikhail of Asyut (b. 1921)

2014 – Murray Oliver, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1937)

2014 – Clive Palmer, English banjo player (b. 1943)

2014 – Pat Quinn, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1943)

2015 – Jamiluddin Aali, Pakistani poet, playwright, and critic (b. 1925)

2015 – Manmeet Bhullar, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1980)

2015 – Dan Fante, American author and playwright (b. 1944)

2015 – Douglass North, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920)

2015 – Jim Sochor, American football player and coach (b. 1938)

2016 – Rita Barberá Nolla, Spanish politician (b. 1948)

2016 – Ralph Branca, American baseball player (b. 1926)

2016 – Andrew Sachs, German-born British actor (b. 1930)

Holidays and observances

Christian feast day:

Alexander Nevsky (Repose, Russian Orthodox Church)

Blessed Miguel Agustín Pro – one of Saints of the Cristero War (Roman Catholic Church and the Lutheran Church)

Columbanus

Felicitas of Rome

Pope Clement I (Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion, and the Lutheran Church)

November 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Earliest day on which Black Friday can fall, while November 29 is the latest; observed on the day after Thanksgiving (United States), and its related observances:

Buy Nothing Day (North America, Great Britain, Sweden)

Labor Thanksgiving Day (Japan)

Repudiation Day (Frederick County, Maryland, United States)

Rudolf Maister Day (Slovenia)

St George's Day (Georgia) or Giorgoba (Georgia)