The Nemastomatidae are a family of harvestmen with about 170 described species in 16 recent genera. Several fossil species and genera are known.
Unlike some related currently recognized families, the Nemastomatidae are monophyletic.
Members of the Nemastomatidae range in body length from about one to almost six millimeters. Their chelicerae are of normal proportians, but the pedipalps are very elongated and thin in some groups. Leg length is likewise variable.
The subfamily Ortholasmatinae (ten species in two genera) occur on both sides of the Pacific Ocean: in western North America from Mexico to British Columbia and eastern Asia (Japan and northern Thailand. The other subfamily, Nemastomatinae, occur all over Europe up to Iceland and the Caucasus, in the Atlas Mountains of North Africa, from Anatolia to northern Iran, with a few species found outside this region, in Central Asia and the Himalayas. Most species are restricted to very small mountainous southern regions.
The Nemastomatidae are probably a sister group to the genera Dicranolasma (Dicranolasmatidae) and Trogulus (Trogulidae).
The genus name Nemastoma is a combination of Ancient Greek nema "thread" and stoma "mouth", referring to the elongated pedipalps.
Buresiolla Kratochvíl & Miller, 1958Buresiolla bureschi (Roewer, 1926)Buresiolla abchasica Ljovuschkin & Starobogatov, 1963 — AbkhaziaBuresiolla caecum (Nowikoff, 1931) — CrimeaNemaspela Silhavý, 1966Nemaspela sokolovi (Ljovuschkin & Starobogatov, 1963)Nemaspela birsteini Levushkii, 1972Nemaspela taurica (Lebedinskiy, 1914) — CrimeaGiljarovia Kratochvíl & Miller, 1958Giljarovia rossica Kratochvíl & Miller, 1958Giljarovia stridula (Kratochvíl & Miller, 1958)Giljarovia turcica Gruber, 1976Nemastoma C. L. Koch, in Hahn & C. L. Koch 1836subgenus NemastomaNemastoma aeginum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma amulleri Roewer, 1951Nemastoma anatolicum Roewer, 1962Nemastoma armeniacum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma atticum Roewer, 1927Nemastoma bacilliferum Simon, 1879 — SpainNemastoma bacilliferum bacilliferum Simon, 1879 — PyreneesNemastoma bacilliferum simoni Roewer, 1914Nemastoma bacilliferum simplex Simon, 1913Nemastoma bacilliferum dipentatum Rambla, 1959Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 — central EuropeNemastoma bidentatum bidentatum Roewer, 1914Nemastoma bidentatum sparsum Gruber & Martens, 1968Nemastoma bidentatum relictum Gruber & Martens, 1968Nemastoma bimaculosum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma brevipalpatum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma caecum Grese, 1911 — CrimeaNemastoma cancellatum Roewer, 1917 — BosniaNemastoma caporiaccoi Roewer, 1951Nemastoma carbonarium Simon, 1907 — SpainNemastoma carpathicum Roewer, 1951† Nemastoma clavigerum Menge, 1854 — fossilNemastoma corcyraeum Roewer, 1917 — KorfuNemastoma cypricum Roewer, 1951† Nemastoma denticulatum Koch & Berendt, 1854 — Baltic amber fossil: OligoceneNemastoma dentigerum Canestrini, 1873 — ItalyNemastoma dubium Mello-Leitão, 1936 — SpainNemastoma emigratum Roewer, 1959Nemastoma ferkeri Roewer, 1951Nemastoma filipes Roewer, 1917 — TranscaucasusNemastoma formosum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma franzi Kraus, 1959Nemastoma funebre Redikorzev, 1936 — RussiaNemastoma gallwitzi Roewer, 1923 — SerbiaNemastoma gigas Sørensen, in Lendl 1894 — HungaryNemastoma globuliferum L. Koch, 1867Nemastoma gostivarense Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma gracile Redikorzev, 1936 — RussiaNemastoma hankiewiczii Kulczynski, 1909 — PortugalNemastoma hermanni Kraus, 1959Nemastoma ikarium Roewer, 1951Nemastoma insulare Roewer, 1951Nemastoma ios Roewer, 1917 — SporadenNemastoma kastneri Roewer, 1951Nemastoma lessinensis Caporiacco, 1940 — ItalyNemastoma leiobunum Wankel, 1851Nemastoma lilliputanum (Lucas, 1847) — AlgeriaNemastoma lindbergi Roewer, 1959Nemastoma longipalpatum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma longipes Schenkel, 1947 — AlbaniaNemastoma maarebense Simon, 1913 — AlgeriaNemastoma machadoi Roewer, 1951Nemastoma mackenseni Roewer, 1923 — SerbiaNemastoma macedonicum Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma manicatum Simon, 1913 — SpainNemastoma moesiacum Roewer, 1917 — Serbia and BosniaNemastoma monchiquense Kraus, 1961Nemastoma montenegrinum Nosek, 1904 — MontenegroNemastoma navarrense Roewer, 1951Nemastoma nervosum Roewer, 1923 — SerbiaNemastoma perfugium Roewer, 1951Nemastoma polonicum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma pyrenaeum Simon, 1879 — PyreneesNemastoma reimoseri Roewer, 1951Nemastoma rhinoceros Roewer, 1917 — SpainNemastoma riparium Roewer, 1951Nemastoma romanium Roewer, 1951Nemastoma rude Simon, 1881 — AlpsNemastoma santorinum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma scabriculum Simon, 1879 — PyreneesNemastoma schenkeli Roewer, 1951Nemastoma schuelleri Gruber & Martens, 1968Nemastoma senussium Roewer, 1951Nemastoma sexmucronatum Simon, 1911 — SpainNemastoma simplex Giltay, 1933 — BalkansNemastoma spinosissima Kraus, 1961Nemastoma spinulosum L. Koch, 1869 — GreeceNemastoma strasseri Roewer, 1951Nemastoma stussineri Simon, 1885 — Greece† Nemastoma succineum Roewer, 1939 — fossil: Baltic amberNemastoma tenebricosum Redikorzev, 1936 — RussiaNemastoma tenue Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma titaniacum Roewer, 1914 — BosniaNemastoma transsylvanicum Gruber & Martens, 1968Nemastoma triste (C. L. Koch, 1835) — central EuropeNemastoma triste triste C. L. Koch, in Herrich-Schaeffer 1835Nemastoma troglodytes (Wankel, 1861)† Nemastoma tuberculatum Koch & Berendt, 1854 — fossil: OligoceneNemastoma tunetanum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma vitynae Roewer, 1927subgenus DromedostomaNemastoma acrospinosum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma acrospinosum acrospinosum Roewer, 1951Nemastoma acrospinosum pretneri Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma bipunctatum Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma bolei Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma corneluttii Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma grabovicae Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma megarae Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma multisignaltum Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma nigrum Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma radewi Roewer, 1926 — cave in BalkansNemastoma ryla Roewer, 1951Nemastoma sketi Hadzi, 1973subgenus LugubrostomaNemastoma boenicumNemastoma goliae Hadzi, 1973Nemastoma lugubre (Müller, 1776)Nemastoma lugubre lugubre (Müller, 1776)Nemastoma lugubre bimaculatum (Fabricius, 1775) — EuropeNemastoma lugubre unicolor Roewer, 1914 — southern EuropeNemastoma sarae Hadzi, 1973Paranemastoma Redikorzew, 1936Paranemastoma bicuspidatum (C. L. Koch, 1835)Paranemastoma ancae Avram, 1973Paranemastoma charitonovi (Mcheidze, 1952)Paranemastoma kalischevskyi (Roewer, 1951)Paranemastoma kochii (Nowicki, 1870)Paranemastoma quadripunctatum (Perty, 1833) — EuropeParanemastoma quadripunctatum quadripunctatum (Perty, 1833)Paranemastoma quadripunctatum aurosum L. Koch, 1869Paranemastoma quadripunctatum armatum Kulczynski, 1909 — southeastern EuropeParanemastoma quadripunctatum thessalum Simon, 1885 — GreeceParanemastoma quadripunctatum werneri Kulczynski, 1903 — Asia MinorParanemastoma quadripunctatum humerale C. L. Koch, 1839 — southeastern EuropeParanemastoma roeweri Starega, 1978Paranemastoma sillii (Hermann, 1871) — central EuropeParanemastoma suchumium (Roewer, 1951)Paranemastoma supersum (Roewer, 1951)Paranemastoma umbo (Roewer, 1951)Paranemastoma aurigerum (Roewer, 1951)Paranemastoma aurigerum aurigerum Roewer, 1951Paranemastoma aurigerum joannae Starega, 1976Histricostoma Kratochvíl & Miller, 1958Histricostoma drenskii Kratochvíl & Miller, 1958Histricostoma dentipalpe (Ausserer, 1867) — central EuropeHistricostoma argenteolunulatum (Canestrini, 1872) — Corcica, ItalyHistricostoma caucasicum (Redikorzev, 1936) — RussiaCarinostoma Kratochvíl & Miller, 1958Carinostoma carinatum (Roewer, 1914) — southeastern EuropeCarinostoma elegans (Sørensen, 1894) — HungaryCarinostoma elegans elegans (Sørensen, 1894)Carinostoma elegans batorligetiense (Szalay, 1951)Carinostoma ornatum (Hadzi, 1940)Centetostoma Kratochvíl & Miller, 1958subgenus CentetostomaCentetostoma centetes (Simon, 1881) — Alpssubgenus CretostomaCentetostoma creticum (Roewer, 1927)Mitostoma Roewer, 1951Mitostoma armatissimum Roewer, 1962Mitostoma daccordii Tedeschi & Sciaky, 1997Mitostoma fabianae Tedeschi & Sciaky, 1997Mitostoma sabbadinii Tedeschi & Sciaky, 1997Mitostoma orghidani Avram, 1969Mitostoma dumitrescui Avram, 1969Mitostoma patrizii Roewer, 1958Mitostoma saxonicumMitostoma asturicum Roewer, 1951Mitostoma omalosum Roewer, 1951Mitostoma chrysomelas (Hermann, 1804) — EuropeMitostoma chrysomelas chrysomelas (Hermann, 1804)Mitostoma chrysomelas michielii Hadzi, 1973Mitostoma chrysomelas multidenticulatum Hadzi, 1973Mitostoma chrysomelas alpinum Hadzi, 1931 — YugoslaviaMitostoma anophthalmum (Fage, 1946) — ItalyMitostoma carneluttii Hadzi, 1973Mitostoma helenae Avram, 1970Mitostoma macedonicum Hadzi, 1973Mitostoma moldavica Avram, 1970Mitostoma rodnae Avram, 1970Mitostoma zmajevicae Hadzi, 1973Mitostoma olgae Silhavý, 1946 — Dalmatia, MontenegroMitostoma olgae olgae Silhavý, 1946Mitostoma olgae decorum Silhavý, 1946Mitostoma olgae kratochvili Silhavý, 1946Mitostoma olgae zorae Hadzi, 1973Mitostoma valdemonense Marcellino, 1977Dendrolasma Banks, 1894Dendrolasma mirabile Banks, 1894 — WashingtonDendrolasma angka P. J. Schwendinger & J. Gruber, 1992 — ThailandDendrolasma dentipalpe W. A. Shear & J. Gruber, 1983 — CaliforniaDendrolasma parvula (Suzuki, 1963)† Halitherses Giribet & Dunlop, 2005† Halitherses grimaldii Giribet & Dunlop, 2005 — fossil: Cretaceous (Albian) Burmese amber, c. 100 myaOrtholasma Banks, 1894Ortholasma bolivari (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942) — MexicoOrtholasma coronadense Cockerell, 1916 — Coronados IslandsOrtholasma levipes W. A. Shear & J. Gruber, 1983 — CaliforniaOrtholasma pictipes Banks, 1911 — CaliforniaOrtholasma rugosum Banks, 1894 — CaliforniaOrtholasma sbordonii Silhavý, 1973Nemastomella Mello-Leitão, 1936Nemastomella integripes Mello-Leitão, 1936 — SpainHadzinia Silhavý, 1966Hadzinia karamani (Hadzi, 1940)Acromitostoma Roewer, 1951Acromitostoma hispanum (Roewer, 1917) — Spain: GranadaAcromitostoma rhinoceros Roewer, 1951Mediostoma Kratochvíl & Miller, 1958Mediostoma graecum (Roewer, 1917)Mediostoma topolium (Roewer, 1951)Mediostoma pamiricum W. Starega, 1986 — TajikistanMediostoma ceratocephalum Gruber, 1976Pyza Starega, 1976Pyza bosnica (Roewer, 1916)† Rhabdotarachnoides Haupt, 1956 — fossil† Rhabdotarachnoides simoni Haupt, 1956 — Permian
