| | |
|
Government employees and non-government personnel Exceptional Achievement Medal
Exceptional Service Medal
Outstanding Service Medal (obsolete) |
The NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal (abbreviated ESAM) was established by NASA on September 15, 1961 when the original ESM was divided into three separate awards. Under the current guidelines, the ESAM is awarded for unusually significant scientific contribution toward achievement of aeronautical or space exploration goals. This award may be given for individual efforts that have resulted in a contribution of fundamental importance in this field, or have significantly enhanced understanding of this field.
1963 - John Houbolt
1965 - Jack N. James
1966 - Richard Franz Joseph Arenstorf (He was awarded the medal for his contributions to the Space Navigation and the Apollo Lunar Landing Program.
1968 - G. Mervin Ault
1969 - Charles Berry, William F. Brown, Thomas Canning, Moustafa Chahine, Hong-Yee Chiu, Clarence Cone, James Downey, Erwin Fehlberg, Richard Green, Rudolf Hanel, Webb Haymaker, Gerhard Heller, Harvey Hubbard, James Humphreys, Mark Kelly, James Kupperian, Dale Lumb, Wolfgang Moeckel, Paul Muller, Robert Naumann, William O'Bryant, George Pieper, Henry Plotkin, Joseph Randall, Donald Rea, Nancy Roman, Lee Scherer, William Sjorgen, Charles Sonett, Robert Stone, David Wark, Richard Whitcomb, Donald Wise
1970 - William Angele, James R. Arnold, Paul Coleman, Leverett Davis, Milner Eskew, Herbert Friedman, Paul Gast, Peter Macdoran, Warren Martin, Maurice Morin, Marcia Neugebauer, Edward Perkins, Edward Smith, Conway Snyder, Nelson Spencer, Patrick Thaddeus, Robert Walker, Gerald Wasserburg
1971 - John C. Freche
1973 - Conway B. Leovy
1974 - John A. Simpson, William Edgar Thornton
1975 - Edward Purdy Ney
1976 - Tito T. Serafini
1977 - Janos K. Lanyi
1978 - Elihu Boldt, Hale Bradt, Herbert Friedman, Gordon Garmire, Herbert Gursky, Walter Lewin, Frank McDonald, Laurence Peterson, Alvin Seiff
1979 - Milton Halem
1980 - Riccardo Giacconi (2002 Nobel Laureate in Physics)
1981 - Andrew Ingersoll, Talivaldis Spalvins
1982 - Jeff Cuzzi, James V. Taranik
1984 - Donald B. Campbell, James R. Houck
1985 - Prem Chand Pandey, SAC/ISRO, NCAOR and IIT Kharagpur, India, Parviz Moin
1986 - Jeff Cuzzi, Crofton B. Farmer, Frank J. Grunthaner, Taylor G. Wang
1989 - Mario Molina (1995 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry), Donald J. Kessler
1990 - Charles Telesco, John W. Harvey, Martin A. Pomerantz
1991 - Khairul B. M. Q. Zaman, John C. Mather (2006 Nobel Laureate in Physics), Manuel D. Salas, Roy W. Spencer, John Christy
1992 - Donald D. Clayton, Nathan S. Jacobson, James A. DiCarlo, George Smoot (2006 Nobel Laureate in Physics)
1993 - Rebecca A. MacKay
1994 - Robert A. Bindschadler, Theodore E. Bunch, Emmett W. Chappelle, Malcolm M. Cohen, Dale P. Cruikshank, Hay C. Hardin, Alice K. Harding, Donald Horan, Winifred M. Huo, Isabella T. Lewis, Erick Malaret, Camden McCarl, Robert Riesse, Piers J. Sellers, Trevor C. Sorensen, Thomas A. Zang Jr.
1995 - James L. Smialek, Maria T. Zuber, Robert D. Moser
1996 - Kevin Zahnle
1997 - James O. Arnold, David H. Atkinson, David H. Bailey, John E. Carlstrom, Ara Chutjian, John W. Connell, Harald M. Fischer, Everett K. Gibson Jr., William L. Grose, Marshall K. Joy, Kathie L. Thomas-Keprta, Louis J. Lanzerotti, David S. McKay, Michael J. Mumma, Hasso B. Niemann, Glenn S. Orton, Peter A. Pilewskie, Carolyn Purvis, Boris Ragent, Alvin Seiff, Lawrence Sromovsky,Ulf von Zahn, Richard N. Zare
1998 - Narottam P. Bansal, Timothy J. Lee
1999 - Jeff Cuzzi, Martin Weisskopf
2000 - Hugh J. Christian Jr., Joan Feynman, Mona J. Hagyard, Yoram J. Kaufman, Ellis E. Remsberg
2002 - Thomas P. Charlock
2003 - Philip R. Christensen, Jean O. Dickey, Geoffrey W. Marcy, Martin G. Mlynczak, Ronald L. Moore, Richard F. Mushotzky, Eric Rignot, Farid Salama, Wei-Kuo Tao
2004 - Charles L. Bennett, Randall G. Hulet, David P. Kratz, Steven J. Ostro, Thomas L. Sever, Chris R. Webster, Yuk-ling Yung
2005 - Ichiro Fukumori, James R. Houck, Nicholas Leventis, Steven Suess, Michael Watkins
2006 - Michael F. A’Hearn, David Charbonneau, Drake Deming, Neil Gehrels, John Le Marshall, Edward C. Stone, Tod Strohmayer, Larry W. Thomason
2007 - Scott Braun, Donald Brownlee, Joan Centrella, Moustafa Chahine, Mark S. Marley, Eric Rignot, Alan Title
2008 - Anthony Del Genio, David G. Fischer, Gerald M. Heymsfield, Russell A. Howard, Ronald Kwok, Michael I. Mishchenko, Son V. Nghiem
2009 - James E. Fesmire
2010 - Peter H. Smith, William V. Boynton, Heather L. Enos, Christopher R. Shinohara
2011 - Carl J. Grillmair, Suzanne E. Smrekar, Yuhe T. Song, Timothy J. Lee, Eric Jensen, Jason Rowe, Jeff Scargle, Cheryl A. Nickerson
2016 - David R. Ciardi
NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal Wikipedia (Text) CC BY-SA