Monument to the Soviet Army, Sofia

2011: Popart comics composition

On June 17, 2011 the monument was painted overnight by a group of anonymous artists who call themselves Destructive Creation and who "dressed" the Soviet Army soldiers as the American popular culture characters: Superman, Joker, Robin, Captain America, Ronald McDonald, Santa Claus, Wolverine, The Mask, and Wonder Woman. A caption was painted underneath which translates as "Abreast with the Times" (in Bulgarian "V krak s vremeto", literally "In pace with time").

The paint was removed three days later, in the late hours of June 20, 2011, though later it was declared that it was during the next morning. The event was widely covered by the international media, the at the beginning unknown artists were even being compared to Banksy and called "Banksy of Bulgaria". It has provoked serious pro and anti-Russian discussion in the Bulgarian society. Meanwhile, the Minister of Culture Vezhdi Rashidov called the composition as being an act of vandalism.

The story was filmed in the short documentary In Step With The Time directed by Anton Partalev and includes anonymous interviews of the artists of Destructive Creation and various representatives of pro-Russian organizations in Bulgaria. The film won the second prize in the 2013 festiwal IN OUT (In Out Festival) in Poland.

The painting can be seen as an act of Guerrilla communication for the creation of political consciousness. The monument is a place that delivers an explicit massage of the distribution of power and the Superheroes work like a metaphor for the American way of life transferred by the costumes used like a code. The painting showed the state of affairs in Bulgaria, split between the traditional relationship to the Soviet Union and the modern influence of the western Capitalism.

2012: Anti-ACTA

The monument again was used as a ground of artistic expression and social stance when on February 10, 2012 the soldiers of it were given Anonymous masks of Guy Fawkes, the photo of this was spread in Sofia and Bulgaria as an invitation to anti-ACTA protests held on February 11, 2012 in Bulgaria and Europe.

Other

Further, the monument was used as a ground for protest for Pussy Riot arrest when on August 17, 2012 was photographed with Pussy Riot masks.

On February 1, 2013 during the national day for the commemoration of the victims of communism three of the figures of the monument were painted in white, red and green, the colours of the Bulgarian national flag.

2013: Apology for Prague '68

On 21 August 2013 unknown artists painted the monument in pink in honor of the anniversary of the Prague spring. There was an inscription both in Bulgarian and in Czech which read "Bulgaria apologises". The pink color is a reference to the painting of The Monument to Soviet Tank Crews in Prague by David Černý in 1991. On 22 August, Russia officially demands for sanctions for those responsible over the desecration of the monument and to take immediate measures so that this does not happen in the future. Foreign Minister Kristian Vigenin asks not to dramatize the painting and states that "Bulgaria has international commitments to maintain these monuments. Desecration of a monument is something that should not happen. I think that it should not cause much extreme reactions on this issue, because the institutions in Bulgaria took immediate measures"

2014: "Glory to Ukraine" and "Hands off Ukraine"

On 23 February 2014, the monument was once more painted by unknown perpetrators, this time the statue of one of the soldiers and the flag above it were painted in the national colours of Ukraine. The phrase "Glory to Ukraine" was written in Ukrainian on the monument, as well as an obscene reference to Russian President Vladimir Putin who was called "Kaputin" (from the German kaput, which means broken). The act was in support of the 2014 Ukrainian Revolution. The same day a photo of the painted monument became Best of the day in Euronews with the title: "Bulgaria:" Glory to Ukraine. "

On February 24, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia expressed outrage saying that "With the feeling of deep resentment in Russia was greeted with news of yet another case of vandalism directed against the Soviet Army monument in the center of the capital of Bulgaria, Sofia during the night of February 23" . The Russian Ministry sent a protest note to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria with a request to "conduct a thorough investigation of this hooligan incident and to accuse those guilty of such an unlawful conduct and also take appropriate measures to bring the memorial back to its normal state."

On March 2, the monument again awakes painted with an inscription defending Ukraine, this time as a reaction to the invasion of Russian troops of the Peninsula of Crimea. The inscription reads "Hands off Ukraine" and crosses out the dedication "for the liberator Soviet Army from the grateful Bulgarian people."

On April 12 one of the statues was painted in the colours of the Polish flag, with another one of the statues standing right behind being painted with the Ukrainian colours. Under the soldiers there is an inscription remembering about the Katyn massacre.

Movement for the removal of the monument

Among right-wing supporters in Bulgaria the movement for removal or demolition of the monument is very strong while at the opposite side hold the Russophiles who insist on keeping it. It has a special place as a gathering (evenings) place of skaters, ravers, rasta and other subcultural groups around it who feel its atmosphere somewhat surrealistic or unreal, between the tension of pro and anti- groups and the natural occupants of the place the monument pop-art events are being brought with its unique for the Bulgarian urban art place.

During the event of 2011 several politicians used the attention to promote the removal of the monument. On June 29 a hearing was scheduled in Sofia municipality, however opinions were split and there were not enough votes to support the move and approve the matter for debates.