McASP is an acronym for Multichannel Audio Serial Port, a communication peripheral found in Texas Instruments family of digital signal processors (DSPs) and Microcontroller Units (MCUs).
The McASP functions as a general-purpose audio serial port optimized for the needs of multichannel audio applications. Depending on the implementation, the McASP may be useful for time-division multiplexed (TDM) stream, Inter-Integrated Sound (I2S) protocols, and intercomponent digital audio interface transmission (DIT). However, some implementations are limited to supporting just the Inter-Integrated Sound (I2S) protocol.
The McASP consists of transmit and receive sections that may operate synchronized, or completely independently with separate master clocks, bit clocks, and frame syncs, and using different transmit modes with different bit-stream formats. The McASP module also includes up to 16 serializers that can be individually enabled to either transmit or receive. In addition, all of the McASP pins can be configured as general-purpose input/output (GPIO) pins.
Features of the McASP include:
Two independent clock generator modules for transmit and receiveClocking flexibility allows the McASP to receive and transmit at different rates. For example, the McASP can receive data at 48 kHz but output up-sampled data at 96 kHz or 192 kHz.Independent transmit and receive modules, each includes:Programmable clock and frame sync generatorTDM streams from 2 to 32, and 384 time slotsSupport for time slot sizes of 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 bitsData formatter for bit manipulationIndividually assignable serial data pins (up to 16 pins)Glueless connection to audio analog-to-digital converters (ADC), digital-to-analog converters (DAC), Codec, digital audio interface receiver (DIR), and S/PDIF transmit physical layer components.Wide variety of I2S and similar bit-stream formatIntegrated digital audio interface transmitter (DIT) supports:S/PDIF, IEC60958-1, AES-3 formatsUp to 16 transmit pinsEnhanced channel status/user data RAM384-slot TDM with external digital audio interface receiver (DIR) deviceFor DIR reception, an external DIR receiver integrated circuit should be used with I2S output format and connected to the McASP receive section.Extensive error checking and recoveryTransmit underruns and receiver overruns due to the system not meeting real-time requirementsEarly or late frame sync in TDM modeOut-of-range high-frequency master clock for both transmit and receiveExternal error signal coming into the AMUTEIN inputDMA error due to incorrect programmingThe McASP supports a wide variety of protocols.
Transmit section supportsWide variety of I2S and similar bit-stream formatsTDM streams from 2 to 32 time slotsS/PDIF, IEC60958-1, AES-3 formatsReceive section supportsWide variety of I2S and similar bit-stream formatsTDM streams from 2 to 32 time slotsTDM stream of 384 time slots specifically designed for easy interface to external digital interface receiver (DIR) device transmitting DIR frames to McASP using the I2S protocol (one time slot for each DIR subframe)The transmit and receive sections may each be individually programmed to support the following options on the basic serial protocol:
Programmable clock and frame sync polarity (rising or falling edge): ACLKR/X, AHCLKR/X and AFSR/XSlot length (number of bits per time slot): 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 bits supportedWord length (bits per word): 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 bits; always less than or equal to the time slot lengthFirst-bit data delay: 0, 1, 2 bit clocksLeft/right alignment of word inside slotBit order: MSB first or LSB firstBit mask/pad/rotate functionAutomatically aligns data for DSP internally in either Q31 or integer formatsAutomatically masks nonsignificant bits (sets to 0, 1, or extends value of another bit)In DIT mode, additional features of the transmitter are:
Transmit-only mode- 384 time slots (subframe) per frameBi-phase encoded 3.3 V outputSupport for consumer and professional applicationsChannel status RAM (384 bits)User data RAM (384 bits)Separate valid bit (V) for subframe A, B