Mattheus Marinus Schepman

His research

Schepman was both a collector and a methodical scientist, which combination "made his collection of great value to the entire malacological community." He was given the opportunity to study a collection by Max Carl Wilhelm Weber, Director of the Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam (ZMA). Many of the specimens he studied and collected were gathered by the Siboga Expedition. The expedition went to the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago and investigated 322 sites.

Schepman's most significant work is reported in "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga expedition". HM Siboga was the transport ship for the eponymous "Siboga Expedition". Published over five years and consisting of 494 pages, it covers 212 genera and 1,467 species. Eduard von Martens was involved in mollusk identification from the first expedition, and he "probably recommended Schepman for the work on the second." In any event, Schepman published seven volumes which described 2,500 specimens, and 1,235 shelled mollusc species, "many new to science."

An important aspect of his work was his scientific collection of shells, a collection which was almost unprecedented in scope and breadth. Eventually sold in 1920 to the Zoological Museum Amsterdam for ƒ7,205, the collection consisted of 9,000 species and 1,250 genera of shelled freshwater, marine, and land molluscs.

Published works

Schepman wrote over 62 malacological works. They include: (incomplete)

Horst R. & Schepman M. M. (1908). Catalogue systématique des mollusques (gastropodes prosobranches et polyplacophores). Tome XIII. Leiden.

(in German) Schepman M. M. & Nierstrasz H. F. (1913). "Parasitische und kommensalistische Mollusken aus Holothurien". Stuttgart.

The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition

Schepman M. M. (1908). "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part I, Rhipidoglossa and Docoglossa, with an appendix by R. Bergh". Uitkomsten op zoologisch, botanisch, oceanografisch en geologisch gebied verzameld in Nederlandsch Oost-Indië 1899–1900 aan boord H. M. Siboga, Monographie, E. J. Brill, Leyden, 49a: 107 pp., 9 plates.

Schepman M. M. (1908). "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part II, Taenioglossa and Ptenoglossa". 49b: 108–231, 7 plates.

Schepman M. M. (1908). "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part III, Gymnoglossa". 49c: 233–246, 1 plate.

(in German) Schepman M. M. & Nierstrasz H. F. (1909). "Parasitische prosobranchier der Siboga-expedition". 49(2): 1–28, 2 plates.

Schepman M. M. (1911). The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. "Part IV. Rachiglossa". 49d: 247–364, 7 plates.

Schepman M. M. (1913). "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part V Toxoglossa." 49e: 365–452, 6 plates.

Schepman M. M. (1913). "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part VI, Pulmonata and Opisthobranhia Tectibranchiata, tribe Bullomorpha." 49f: 453–494, 2 plates.

Taxa

Schepman described and named a large number of taxa of molluscs, mostly species, especially species of marine gastropods. For example, in November 2012, the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) listed 182 valid marine taxa (181 marine gastropods, 1 marine bivalve) that were described by Schepman.

Schepman originally described about 450 taxa, including many turrids. Examples of the numerous taxa he named and described are in the following list (synonyms are not included):

Families

Freshwater and marine cave snails:

Neritiliidae Schepman, 1908

Genera

Sea snails (sorted chronologically):

Guttula Schepman, 1908

Pseudococculina Schepman, 1908

Clavosurcula Schepman, 1913

Daphnellopsis Schepman, 1913

Meloscaphander Schepman, 1913

Volvulopsis Schepman, 1913

Species

Land snails:

Amphidromus reflexilahris Schepman

Helicarion sumatrensis Schepman, 1886

Asperitas bimaensis (Schepman, 1892)

Dyakia densestriata Schepman, 1896

Hemiplecta butikkoferi Schepman, 1896

Euplecta costellifera Schepman, 1918

Euplecta imperforata Schepman, 1918

Macrochlamys imperforata Schepman, 1918

Sitala crenocarinata Schepman, 1918

Planispira planissima Schepman, 1918

Cyclotus subcanaliculatus Schepman, 1918

Land slugs:

Parmarion goedhuisi Schepman, 1896

Microparmarion litteratus Schepman, 1896

Hemicarion semicalcareus Schepman, 1896

Freshwater snails:

Melania subplicata Schepman, 1886

Melania snellemanni Schepman, 1886

Bellamya liberiana (Schepman, 1888)

Potadoma buttikoferi (Schepman, 1888)

Potadoma liberiensis (Schepman, 1888)

Melania glandiformis Schepman, 1896

Melania schwaneri Schepman, 1896

Brotia borneensis (Schepman, 1896)

Melania mülleri Schepman, 1896

Melania subpunctata Schepman, 1896

Neritina (Clithon) subocellata Schepman, 1884

Melania subcostellaris Schepman, 1918

Melania sentaniensis Schepman, 1918

Melania kampeni Schepman, 1918

Freshwater bivalves:

Hyridella misoolensis (Schepman, 1897)

Schepmania nieuwenhuisi (Schepman, 1898)

Nausitora hedleyi Schepman, 1919 – brackish water species

Sea snails (sorted chronologically):

1870s and 1890s

Entemnotrochus rumphii (Schepman, 1879)

Nassarius javanus (Schepman, 1891)

Oliva semmelinki Schepman, 1891

Ergalatax martensi (Schepman, 1892)

1903

Astralium provisorium (Schepman, 1903)

1904

Oliva dubia Schepman, 1904

Oliva rufofulgurata Schepman, 1904

1907

Cerithium claviforme Schepman, 1907

Cerithium koperbergi Schepman, 1907

Nassarius celebensis (Schepman, 1907)

Notadusta martini (Schepman, 1907)

1908

Anatoma exquisita (Schepman, 1908)

Anatoma maxima (Schepman, 1908)

Ancistrobasis monodon (Schepman, 1908)

Bathyfautor multispinosus (Schepman, 1908)

Bathymophila callomphala (Schepman, 1908)

Calliostoma crassicostatum Schepman, 1908

Calliostoma quadricolor Schepman, 1908

Calliostoma rufomaculatum Schepman, 1908

Calliostoma simplex Schepman, 1908

Calliostoma virgo Schepman, 1908

Calliotropis bicarinata (Schepman, 1908)

Calliotropis calcarata (Schepman, 1908)

Calliotropis concavospira (Schepman, 1908)

Calliotropis limbifera (Schepman, 1908)

Calliotropis multisquamosa (Schepman, 1908)

Calliotropis muricata (Schepman, 1908)

Calliotropis pagodiformis (Schepman, 1908)

Calliotropis pulchra (Schepman, 1908)

Calliotropis spinulosa (Schepman, 1908)

Danilia weberi Schepman, 1908

Emarginella sibogae (Schepman, 1908)

Emarginula foveolata Schepman, 1908

Guttula sibogae Schepman, 1908

Hadroconus sibogae (Schepman, 1908)

Herpetopoma ringens (Schepman, 1908)

Pectinodonta alta Schepman, 1908

Pectinodonta orientalis Schepman, 1908

Perrinia cancellata (Schepman, 1908)

Perrinia nigromaculata (Schepman, 1908)

Perrinia plicifera (Schepman, 1908)

Perrinia squamicarinata (Schepman, 1908)

Phenacolepas radiata Schepman, 1908

Pseudococculina granulata Schepman, 1908

Pseudococculina rugosoplicata Schepman, 1908

Solariella ornatissima (Schepman, 1908)

Tibatrochus incertus (Schepman, 1908)

Tugalina plana (Schepman, 1908)

1909

Abyssochrysos melvilli (Schepman, 1909)

Akibumia orientalis (Schepman, 1909)

Biplex aculeata (Schepman, 1909)

Carenzia melvillii (Schepman, 1909)

Cylindriscala humerosa (Schepman, 1909)

Cylindriscala sibogae (Schepman, 1909)

Eccliseogyra fragilissima (Schepman, 1909)

Epitonium abyssicola (Schepman, 1909)

Epitonium melvilli (Schepman, 1909)

Fluxinella marginata (Schepman, 1909)

Fluxinella trochiformis (Schepman, 1909)

Goodingia varicosa (Schepman, 1909)

Granosolarium mirabile (Schepman, 1909)

Gregorioiscala nierstraszi (Schepman, 1909)

Heliacus costatus (Schepman, 1909)

Heliacus madurensis (Schepman, 1909)

Inella verluysi (Schepman, 1909)

Niso smithi Schepman, 1909

Pelseneeria sibogae (Schepman & Nierstrasz, 1909)

Primovula roseomaculata (Schepman, 1909)

Quinnia sykesi (Schepman, 1909)

Seguenzia costulifera Schepman, 1909

Seguenzia dautzenbergi Schepman, 1909

Seila versluysi (Schepman, 1909)

Stellaria gigantea (Schepman, 1909)

Stilapex eburnea (Schepman & Nierstrasz, 1909)

Stilapex parva (Schepman, 1909)

Subularia circumstriata Schepman, 1909

Triphora schmidti Schepman, 1909

Trivellona abyssicola (Schepman, 1909)

Trivellona paucicostata (Schepman, 1909)

Trivellona sibogae (Schepman, 1909)

1911

Amalda abyssicola Schepman, 1911

Amalda edgariana Schepman, 1911

Antillophos minutus (Schepman, 1911)

Babelomurex ricinuloides (Schepman, 1911)

Chryseofusus chrysodomoides (Schepman, 1911)

Cyllene sibogae Schepman, 1911

Eosipho smithi (Schepman, 1911)

Chryseofusus chrysodomoides (Schepman, 1911)

Fusinus thielei (Schepman, 1911)

Manaria brevicaudata (Schepman, 1911)

Mitrella circumstriata (Schepman, 1911)

Mitrella simplex (Schepman, 1911)

Mitrella undulata (Schepman, 1911)

Nassarius crebricostatus (Schepman, 1911)

Nassarius macrocephalus (Schepman, 1911)

Nassarius multipunctatus (Schepman, 1911)

Pagodula obtuselirata (Schepman, 1911)

Pagodula pulchella (Schepman, 1911)

Pazinotus sibogae (Schepman, 1911)

Pazinotus smithi (Schepman, 1911)

Peristernia incerta Schepman, 1911

Preangeria dentata (Schepman, 1911)

Turrilatirus melvilli (Schepman, 1911)

Ziba abyssicola (Schepman, 1911)

1913

Acamptodaphne biconica (Schepman, 1913)

Anticlinura biconica (Schepman, 1913)

Asperdaphne elegantissima (Schepman, 1913)

Asperdaphne suluensis (Schepman, 1913)

Belomitra brachytoma (Schepman, 1913)

Benthomangelia celebensis (Schepman, 1913)

Benthomangelia trophonoidea (Schepman, 1913)

Borsonia smithi Schepman, 1913

Borsonia timorensis (Schepman, 1913)

Brachytoma rufolineata (Schepman, 1913)

Buccinaria abbreviata (Schepman, 1913)

Clavosurcula sibogae Schepman, 1913

Cochlespira pulchella (Schepman, 1913)

Comitas melvilli (Schepman, 1913)

Comitas obtusigemmata (Schepman, 1913)

Comitas pagodaeformis (Schepman, 1913)

Crassispira aesopus (Schepman, 1913)

Crassispira rubidofusca (Schepman, 1913)

Cryptodaphne affinis (Schepman, 1913)

Cryptodaphne gradata (Schepman, 1913)

Cytharopsis butonensis (Schepman, 1913)

Daphnella celebensis Schepman, 1913

Daphnellopsis lamellosa Schepman, 1913

Diniatys dubius (Schepman, 1913)

Duplicaria tiurensis (Schepman, 1913)

Emarginula paucipunctata Schepman, 1913

Euclathurella subuloides (Schepman, 1913)

Gemmula sibogae (Schepman, 1913)

Gemmula truncata (Schepman, 1913)

Glyphostoma granulifera (Schepman, 1913)

Guraleus halmaherica (Schepman, 1913)

Guraleus savuensis (Schepman, 1913)

Gymnobela ceramensis (Schepman, 1913)

Gymnobela dubia (Schepman, 1913)

Gymnobela pulchra (Schepman, 1913)

Gymnobela sibogae (Schepman, 1913)

Horaiclavus madurensis (Schepman, 1913)

Horaiclavus multicostata (Schepman, 1913)

Inquisitor aesopus (Schepman, 1913)

Inquisitor subangusta (Schepman, 1913)

Isodaphne perfragilis (Schepman, 1913)

Ithycythara septemcostata (Schepman, 1913)

Leucosyrinx pyramidalis (Schepman, 1913)

Lienardia peristernioides Schepman, 1913

Lioglyphostomella timorensis (Schepman, 1913)

Maoridaphne supracancellata (Schepman, 1913)

Maoritomella batjanensis (Schepman, 1913)

Marshallena nierstraszi (Schepman, 1913)

Mioawateria extensaeformis (Schepman, 1913)

Mucronalia variabilis Schepman in Voeltzkow, 1913

Myurella exiguoides (Schepman, 1913)

Neopleurotomoides rufoapicata (Schepman, 1913)

Otitoma kwandangensis (Schepman, 1913)

Otitoma timorensis (Schepman, 1913)

Paracomitas undosa (Schepman, 1913)

Pleurotomella clathurellaeformis Schepman, 1913

Pseudodaphnella virgo (Schepman, 1913)

Pseudoetrema crassicingulata (Schepman, 1913)

Pseudorhaphitoma multigranosa (Schepman, 1913)

Sabatia supracancellata (Schepman, 1913)

Scaphander sibogae Schepman, 1913

Scaphander subglobosus Schepman, 1913

Shutonia variabilis (Schepman, 1913)

Splendrillia suluensis (Schepman, 1913)

Stellatoma rufostrigata (Schepman, 1913)

Terebra virgo Schepman, 1913

Trophon celebensis Schepman, 1913

Typhlosyrinx supracostata (Schepman, 1913)

Xanthodaphne pyriformis (Schepman, 1913)

1914

Megadenus voeltzkovi Schepman & Nierstrasz, 1914

1922

Thaisella dubia (Schepman, 1922)

In honor

Taxa named in his honor include (sorted chronologically):

Marine snails:

Epitonium schepmani (Melvill, 1910)

Argyropeza schepmaniana Melvill, 1912

Natica schepmani Thiele, 1925

Pagodidaphne schepmani (Thiele, 1925)

Trivellona schepmani (Schilder, 1941)

Lucerapex schepmani Shuto, 1970

Clavosurcula schepmani Sysoev, 1997

Mitra schepmani Salisbury & Guillot de Suduiraut, 2003

Mitrella schepmani Monsecour & Monsecour, 2007

Bivalves:

Neilonella schepmani Prashad, 1932