Type Lower house New session started January 7, 2015 | Term limits None | |
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Speaker of the House Robert DeLeo (D)
Since January 27, 2009 Speaker pro Tempore Patricia Haddad (D)
Since January 28, 2011 Majority Leader Ronald Mariano (D)
Since January 28, 2011 | ||
The Massachusetts House of Representatives is the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court, the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It is composed of 160 members elected from 12 counties each divided into single-member electoral districts across the Commonwealth. The House of Representatives convenes at the Massachusetts State House in Boston.
Contents
Representation
Representatives used to be apportioned by town. For the first 150 persons, one representative was granted, and this ratio increased as the population of the town increased. The largest membership of the House was 749 in 1812 (214 of these being from the District of Maine); the largest House without Maine was 635 in 1837. The original distribution was changed to the current regional population system in the 20th century. Until 1978, there were 240 members of the house, a number in multi-member districts; today there are 160 in single-member districts.
Today, each Representative represents about 40,000 residents. Their districts are named for the counties they are in and tend to stay within one county, although districts occasionally cross county lines. Representatives serve two-year terms which are not limited.
The Sacred Cod
Within the House's debating chamber hangs the Sacred Cod of Massachusetts. The 5-foot-long (1.5 m) pine carving of the cod was offered by Representative John Rowe in 1784 in commemoration of the state's maritime economy and history. Two previous carvings of the cod existed during the legislature's colonial era; the first destroyed in a fire in 1747, and the second during the American War of Independence. Since 1784, the current Sacred Cod has been present at nearly every House session, and moved to its current location when the House began convening in the State House in 1798.
In 1933, members of the Harvard Lampoon stole the cod carving as part of a prank. The theft sparked a large statewide search by the Boston and Massachusetts State Police. Following outrage from Boston newspapers and the General Court itself, the cod was anonymously handed back.
Composition
The Democrats hold a supermajority in the House.
Leadership
The Speaker of the House presides over the House of Representatives. The Speaker is elected by the majority party caucus followed by confirmation of the full House through the passage of a House Resolution. As well as presiding over the body, the Speaker is also the chief leader, and controls the flow of legislation. Other House leaders, such as the majority and minority leaders, are elected by their respective party caucuses relative to their party's strength in the House.
The current Speaker of the House is Robert DeLeo of the 19th Suffolk District (Winthrop). The Majority Leader is Ronald Mariano of the 3rd Norfolk District (Quincy). The Republican Minority Leader is Bradley Jones, Jr. of the 20th Middlesex District (North Reading).
Leaders
The most recent election of members was held on November 8, 2016. Representatives serve two-year terms.
Members
The following is a complete list of Members of the House of Representatives in the 189th General Court, by district:
Barnstable, Dukes and Nantucket
6 Representatives (2 Democrats, 4 Republicans)
Berkshire
4 Representatives (4 Democrats)
Bristol
14 Representatives (9 Democrats, 5 Republicans)
Essex
18 Representatives (13 Democrats, 5 Republicans)
Franklin
2 Representatives (1 Democrat, 1 Republican)
Hampden
12 Representatives (10 Democrats, 2 Republicans)
Hampshire
3 Representatives (3 Democrats)
Middlesex
37 Representatives (34 Democrats, 3 Republicans)
Norfolk
15 Representatives (14 Democrats, 1 Republican)
Plymouth
12 Representatives (7 Democrats, 5 Republicans)
Suffolk
19 Representatives (19 Democrats)
Worcester
18 Representatives (9 Democrats, 9 Republicans)