Marie Firmin Bocourt (19 April 1819 – 4 February 1904) was a French zoologist and artist born and died in Paris.
As a young man, he worked as a preparateur for the zoologist Gabriel Bibron (1805–1848), later serving as a museum artist. In 1861, he was sent to Thailand (then called Siam), where he explored the fauna and brought back an important collection of specimens.
He collaborated with Auguste Duméril (1812–1870) on a series called "Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amérique Centrale", a result of Bocourt's scientific expedition to Mexico and Central America in 1864–66, in one part during the French Intervention in Mexico led by Napoleon III. Dumeril died in 1870, and the project was continued by Bocourt with assistance from Léon Vaillant (1834–1914), François Mocquard (1834–1917) and Fernand Angel. With Vaillant, he published a study on fishes, "Études sur les poissons", that was included in "Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amérique Centrale").
As an artist, he specialized in engravings, doing portraits of contemporary people as well as zoological illustrations.
He has a number of zoological species named after him; including:
Bocourt's swimming crab, Callinectes bocourti (A. Milne-Edwards, 1879)Bocourt's eyelid skink, Phoboscincus bocourti (Brocchi, 1876).Bocourt's black-headed snake, Tantilla bocourti (Gunther, 1895).Incilius bocourti: a Central American toad.Craugastor bocourti and Hyla bocourti: frogs native to Guatemala.Cincelichthys bocourti: (Vaillant & Pellegrin, 1902) a Central American cichlid. Pangasius bocourtiMystus bocourtiBocourt, F. (1868) Descriptions de quelques crotaliens nouveaux appartenant au genre Bothrops, recueillis dans le Guatemala. Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., ser. 5, vol. 10, p. 201–202.Duméril, A., Bocourt, F. Études sur les reptiles et les batraciens. en la serie "Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amérique centrale., recherches zoologiques", 3e partie, 1ère section. Paris: Imprimerie Impériale.Duméril, A., Bocourt, F. & Mocquard, F. (1870-1909). Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amérique Centrale. Recherches zoologiques. Paris: Imprimerie ImpérialeBocourt, F. (1873a) Caractères d'une espèce nouvelle d'iguaniens le Sceleporus acathhinus. [Characters on a New Iguana Species, Sceleporus acathinus] Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. (5)17(6): 1.Bocourt, F. (1873b) Deux notes sur quelques sauriens de l'Amérique tropicale. [Two Notes on Its Tropical (Pan-)American Lizards] Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. Paleontol. (5)19(4): 1–5.Bocourt, F. (1873c) Note sur quelques espèces nouvelles d'iguaniens du genre Sceleporus. [Notes on the New Iguana Species of the Genre Sceleporus] Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. (5)17(10): 1–2.Bocourt, F. (1873–1897) Études sur les reptiles. [Studies on Reptiles] Part 3, Sect. 1, Book. 2–15, pp. 33–860, Mission Scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amérique Centrale - Recherches Zoologiques. Paris, Imprimerie Imperiale. p. 1012Bocourt, F. (1876a) Note sur quelques reptiles du Mexique. [Notes on Its Reptiles of Mexico] Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool.(6)3(12): 1–4.Bocourt, F. (1876b) Note sur quelques reptiles de l'Isthme de Tehuantepec (Mexique) donnés par M. Sumichrast au Muséum. J. Zool. (Paris) 5: 386–411.Bocourt, F. (1879) Etudes sur les reptiles. [Studies on Reptiles] Miss. Sci. Mexique, Rech. ZooL. Book. 6:361-440, p. 21–22, 22A-22D 