The Long Island Traction Company was a street railway holding company in Brooklyn and Queens, New York City, United States.
In order to get around anti-stock watering statutes, the owners of the Brooklyn City Rail Road, capitalized at $6 million, incorporated the Long Island Traction Company in West Virginia in March 1893 with a capital of $30 million. The BCRR-controlled Brooklyn Heights Railroad, until then the operator of only the short cable-operated Montague Street Line, leased the BCRR on June 6, 1893. The LI Traction Company acquired the Broadway Railroad by May 1893, and incorporated the Brooklyn, Queens County and Suburban Railroad on November 24, 1893 to take it over, as well as the Broadway Ferry and Metropolitan Avenue Railroad and Jamaica and Brooklyn Railroad. The increased capitalization was used to convert the companies from horse car to trolley operations.
The LI Traction Company went bankrupt in mid-1895 after a January strike. The Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company was incorporated January 18, 1896, and took over the LI Traction Company in early February.