Country Russia Population (2010 Census) 42,505 inhabitants Founded 1710 Local time Sunday 12:36 PM | Federal subject Saint Petersburg Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00) Area 35 km² | |
 | ||
Previous names Oranienbaum (until 1948) Weather 4°C, Wind W at 10 km/h, 72% Humidity Points of interest Oranienbaum - Russia, Menshikov's Palace, Chinese Palace, Dvorets Petra III, Stone hall pavilion | ||
Lomonosov (Russian: Ломоно́сов; before 1948: Oranienbaum, Ораниенба́ум) is a municipal town in Petrodvortsovy District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, 40 kilometers (25 mi) west of St. Petersburg proper. Population: 42,505 (2010 Census); 37,776 (2002 Census).
Contents
- Map of Lomonosov Saint Petersburg Russia
- Name
- World War II
- People from Oranienbaum
- Twin towns and sister cities
- References
Map of Lomonosov, Saint Petersburg, Russia
It is the site of an 18th-century park and palace complex (see Oranienbaum). The palace is the only one of the famous palaces in the vicinity of St. Petersburg that was not captured by the Germans during World War II.
It was granted town status in 1710.
Name
The original name of the town is Oranienbaum, which means "orange tree" in German (in modern German, the word is Orangenbaum). It was initially applied to the palace complex, which had greenhouses for exotic plants. Its present name honors the scientist, poet and glassblower Mikhail Lomonosov. In 1754, Lomonosov founded a colored-glass factory near Oranienbaum, in the village of Ust-Ruditsa. A third, unofficial name, Rambov (a contraction of "Oranienbaum") is popular among the locals.
Lomonosov can be reached by suburban train from St. Petersburg's Baltic Terminal to Oranienbaum Station.
The Great Palace with the Lower Park is an outstanding artistic complex of the first quarter of the eighteenth century. It was built in 1710-25 opposite Kronstadt, in the neighbourhood of the royal residence Peterhof, by the architects Giovanni Mario Fontana and Gottfried Johann Schadel and was intended for Alexander Menshikov, a close associate of Peter the Great.
World War II
During the Siege of Leningrad in World War II, Soviet forces managed to establish a foothold at Oranienbaum, in the rear of the German forces. This foothold had a major importance in the launching of the Leningrad–Novgorod Offensive in early 1944, which finally ended the siege (see Leningrad–Novgorod Offensive).
People from Oranienbaum
The city was the birthplace of Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971), a composer of modern classical music, and footballer Aleksandr Mostovoi.
Twin towns and sister cities
Lomonosov is twinned with: