List of trees of Canada

Pinophyta (Conifers)

Abies (firs)

Abies amabilis (Pacific Silver Fir)

Abies balsamea (Balsam Fir)

Abies bifolia (Rocky Mountains Subalpine Fir)

Abies concolor (White Fir) - introduced

Abies grandis (Grand Fir)

Abies lasiocarpa (Coast Range Subalpine Fir)

Abies magnifica (Red Fir) - introduced

Abies nordmanniana (Nordmann Fir) - introduced

Abies pinsapo (Spanish Fir) - introduced

Abies procera (Noble Fir) - introduced

Araucaria

Araucaria araucana (Monkey-puzzle) - introduced

Cedrus (cedars)

Cedrus atlantica (Atlas Cedar) - introduced

Cedrus deodara (Deodar Cedar) - introduced

Cedrus libani (Lebanon Cedar) - introduced

Chamaecyparis

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (Lawson's Cypress) - introduced

Chamaecyparis obtusa (Hinoki Cypress) - introduced

Chamaecyparis pisifera (Sawara Cypress) - introduced

Cryptomeria

Cryptomeria japonica (Sugi) - introduced

Cupressus

Cupressus arizonica (Arizona Cypress) - introduced

Cupressus macrocarpa (Monterey Cypress) - introduced

Juniperus (junipers)

Juniperus chinensis (Chinese Juniper) - introduced

Juniperus communis (Common Juniper)

Juniperus horizontalis (Creeping Juniper)

Juniperus sabina (Savin Juniper) - introduced

Juniperus scopulorum (Rocky Mountain jumper)

Juniperus virginiana (Eastern Juniper)

Larix (larches)

Larix decidua (European Larch) - introduced

Larix gmelinii (Dahurian Larch) - introduced

Larix kaempferi (Japanese Larch) - introduced

Larix laricina (Tamarack Larch)

Larix lyallii (Subalpine Larch)

Larix occidentalis (Western Larch)

Larix sibirica (Siberian Larche) - introduced

Metasequoia

Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Dawn Redwood) - introduced

Picea (spruces)

Picea abies (Norway Spruce) - introduced

Picea engelmannii (Engelmann Spruce)

Picea glauca (White Spruce)

Picea mariana (Black Spruce)

Picea omorika (Serbian Spruce) - introduced

Picea pungens (Colorado Spruce) - introduced

Picea rubens (Red Spruce)

Picea sitchensis (Sitka Spruce)

Pinus (pines)

Pinus albicaulis (Whitebark Pine)

Pinus aristata (Bristlecone Pine) - introduced

Pinus banksiana (Jack Pine)

Pinus contorta subsp. contorta Shore Pine

Pinus contorta subsp. latifolia Lodgepole Pine

Pinus flexilis (Limber Pine)

Pinus monticola (Western White Pine)

Pinus mugo (Mountain Pine) - introduced

Pinus nigra (European Black Pine) or Austrian Pine - introduced

Pinus ponderosa (Ponderosa Pine)

Pinus resinosa (Red Pine)

Pinus rigida (Pitch Pine)

Pinus strobus (Eastern White Pine)

Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine) - introduced

Platycladus

Platycladus orientalis (Chinese Arborvitae) (previously known as Thuja orientalis) - introduced

Pseudotsuga

Pseudotsuga menziesii subsp. menziesii (Coast Douglas-fir)

Pseudotsuga menziesii subsp. glauca (Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir)

Sciadopitys

Sciadopitys verticillata (Umbrella-pine) - introduced

Sequoia

Sequoia sempervirens (Coast Redwood) - introduced

Sequoiadendron

Sequoiadendron giganteum (Giant Sequoia) - introduced

Taxodium (cypresses)

Taxodium distichum (Baldcypress) - introduced

Taxus (yews)

Taxus baccata (English Yew) - introduced

Taxus brevifolia (Western Yew)

Taxus canadensis (Canada Yew)

Taxus cuspidata (Japanese Yew) - introduced

Thuja (thujas)

Thuja occidentalis (Eastern Arborvitae)

Thuja plicata (Western Redcedar)

Tsuga (hemlocks)

Tsuga canadensis (Eastern Hemlock)

Tsuga heterophylla (Western Hemlock)

Tsuga mertensiana (Mountain Hemlock)

Xanthocyparis

Xanthocyparis nootkatensis (Nootka Cypress, Yellow-cedar) (previously included in Chamaecyparis)

Ginkgophyta (Ginkgos)

Ginkgo

Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgo) - introduced

Magnoliophyta (Broadleaves)

Acer (maples)

Acer circinatum (Vine maple)

Acer x freemanii (Freeman's maple) (hybrid red maple x silver maple)

Acer ginnala (Amur maple) - introduced

Acer glabrum (Douglas maple)

Acer macrophyllum (Bigleaf maple)

Acer negundo (Manitoba maple or boxelder)

Acer nigrum (Black maple)

Acer palmatum (Japanese maple) - introduced

Acer pensylvanicum (Striped maple)

Acer platanoides (Norway maple) - introduced

Acer pseudoplatanus (Sycamore maple) - introduced

Acer rubrum (Red maple)

Acer saccharinum (Silver maple)

Acer saccharum (Sugar maple)

Acer spicatum (Mountain maple)

Aesculus (buckeyes and horse-chestnuts)

Aesculus x carnea (Red Horse-chestnut) - introduced

Aesculus glabra (Ohio Buckeye)

Aesculus hippocastanum (Common Horse-chestnut) - introduced

Ailanthus

Ailanthus altissima (Ailanthus) - introduced

Alnus (alders)

Alnus glutinosa (Black alder) - introduced

Alnus incana (Speckled alder)

Alnus rubra (Red alder)

Alnus serrulata (Hazel alder)

Alnus viridis (Green alder)

Amelanchier (serviceberries)

Amelanchier alnifolia (Juneberry or Saskatoon berry)

Amelanchier arborea (Downy serviceberry)

Amelanchier bartramiana (Mountain serviceberry)

Amelanchier florida (Pacific serviceberry)

Amelanchier laevis (Smooth serviceberry)

Amelanchier sanguinea (Roundleaf serviceberry)

Aralia

Aralia elata (Japanese angelica-tree) - introduced

Arbutus

Arbutus menziesii (Pacific Madrone)

Asimina

Asimina triloba (Pawpaw)

Betula (birches)

Betula alleghaniensis (Yellow Birch)

Betula cordifolia (Mountain Paper Birch)

Betula kenaica (Kenai Paper Birch)

Betula lenta (Cherry Birch)

Betula neoalaskana (Alaska Paper Birch)

Betula occidentalis (Water Birch)

Betula papyrifera (Paper Birch)

Betula pendula (Silver Birch) - introduced

Betula populifolia (Gray Birch)

Caragana

Caragana arborescens (Siberian pea-tree) - introduced

Carpinus (hornbeams)

Carpinus betulus (European Hornbeam) - introduced

Carpinus caroliniana (American Hornbeam)

Carya (hickories)

Carya cordiformis (Bitternut Hickory)

Carya glabra (Pignut Hickory)

Carya laciniosa (Shellbark Hickory)

Carya ovata (Shagbark Hickory)

Castanea (chestnuts)

Castanea dentata (American Chestnut)

Castanea mollissima (Chinese Chestnut) - introduced

Catalpa (catalpas)

Catalpa bignonioides (Southern catalpa) - introduced

Catalpa ovata (Japanese catalpa) - introduced

Catalpa speciosa (Northern catalpa) - introduced

Celtis (hackberries)

Celtis occidentalis (Hackberry)

Celtis tenuifolia (Dwarf hackberry)

Cephalanthus

Cephalanthus occidentalis (Button-bush))

Cercidiphyllum

Cercidiphyllum japonicum (Katsura-tree) - introduced

Cercis

Cercis canadensis (Redbud)

Cladrastis

Cladrastis kentukea (Yellow-wood) - introduced

Cornus (dogwoods)

Cornus alternifolia (Alternate-leaved dogwood)

Cornus florida (Flowering Dogwood)

Cornus kousa (Kousa Dogwood) - introduced

Cornus mas (European Cornel) - introduced

Cornus nuttallii (Pacific Dogwood)

Corylus (hazels )

Corylus americana (American Hazel)

Corylus avellana (Common hazel) - introduced

Corylus colurna (Turkish Hazel) - introduced

Corylus cornuta (Beaked Hazel)

Corylus maxima (Filbert) - introduced

Cotinus

Cotinus coggygria (Smokebush) - introduced

Crataegus (Hawthorns) - too many species to list.

Elaeagnus

Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian-olive) - introduced

Elaeagnus commutata (Silverberry)

Euonymus (Euonymus)

Euonymus alatus (Winged euonymus) - introduced

Euonymus atropurpureus (Burning-bush) euonymus

Euonymus europaeus (European spindle) - introduced

Euonymus fortunei (Winter-creeper euonymus) - introduced

Fagus (beeches)

Fagus grandifolia (American Beech)

Fagus sylvatica (European Beech) - introduced

Fraxinus (ashes)

Fraxinus americana (White Ash)

Fraxinus excelsior (European Ash) - introduced

Fraxinus latifolia (Oregon Ash)

Fraxinus nigra (Black Ash)

Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Green Ash)

Fraxinus profunda (Pumpkin Ash)

Fraxinus quadrangulata (Blue Ash)

Gleditsia

Gleditsia triacanthos (Honey-locust)

Gymnocladus

Gymnocladus dioicus (Kentucky coffee-tree)

Hamamelis

Hamamelis virginiana (Witch-hazel)

Hippophae

Hippophae rhamnoides (Sea-buckthorn) - introduced

Ilex (hollies)

Ilex aquifolium (English Holly) - introduced

Ilex mucronata (Mountain Holly; syn. Nemopanthus mucronatus)

Ilex opaca (American Holly) - introduced

Ilex verticillata (Common Winterberry)

Juglans (walnuts)

Juglans cinerea (Butternut)

Juglans nigra (Black Walnut)

Juglans regia (Persian Walnut) - introduced

Laburnum

Laburnum anagyroides (Laburnum) - introduced

Liquidambar

Liquidambar styraciflua (Sweetgum) - introduced

Liriodendron

Liriodendron tulipifera (Tulip tree)

Maclura

Maclura pomifera (Osage-orange) - introduced

Magnolia (magnolias)

Magnolia acuminata (Cucumber tree)

Magnolia x soulangeana (Saucer magnolia) - introduced

Malus (apples)

Malus baccata (Siberian crab apple) - introduced

Malus coronaria (Wild crab apple)

Malus fusca (Pacific crab apple)

Malus sylvestris (Common apple) - introduced

Morus (mulberries)

Morus alba (White Mulberry) - introduced

Morus rubra (Red Mulberry)

Myrica

Myrica californica (Pacific bayberry)

Nemopanthus – see Ilex

Nyssa (tupelos)

Nyssa sylvatica (Black tupelo)

Ostrya

Ostrya virginiana (American hornbeam or Ironwood)

Phellodendron

Phellodendron amurense (Amur cork-tree) - introduced

Platanus (planes)

Platanus x acerifolia (London plane) - introduced

Platanus occidentalis (American sycamore)

Populus (poplars, balsam poplars, aspens, cottonwoods)

Populus x acuminata (Lanceleaf cottonwood)

Populus alba (White Poplar) - introduced

Populus angustifolia (Narrowleaf cottonwood)

Populus balsamifera (Eastern Balsam Poplar)

Populus x canadensis (Carolina poplar) - introduced

Populus deltoides (Eastern Cottonwood)

Populus grandidentata (Bigtooth Aspen)

Populus heterophylla (Swamp cottonwood)

Populus x jackii (Jack's hybrid poplar)

Populus nigra (Black Poplar, Lombardy poplar) - introduced

Populus simonii (Simon's poplar) - introduced

Populus tremuloides (Trembling Aspen)

Populus trichocarpa (Black Cottonwood)

Prunus (cherries, plums, peaches)

Prunus americana (American plum)

Prunus armeniaca (Apricot) - introduced

Prunus avium (Sweet cherry) - introduced

Prunus cerasus (Sour cherry) - introduced

Prunus emarginata (Bitter cherry)

Prunus maackii (Amur chokecherry) - introduced

Prunus nigra (Canada plum)

Prunus pensylvanica (Pin cherry)

Prunus serotina (Black cherry)

Prunus serrulata (Japanese flowering cherry) - introduced

Prunus virginiana (Chokecherry)

Ptelea

Ptelea trifoliata (Hoptree)

Pyrus (pears)

Pyrus communis (Common pear)

Quercus (oaks)

Quercus alba (White oak)

Quercus bicolor (Swamp white oak)

Quercus coccinea (Scarlet oak)

Quercus ellipsoidalis (Northern pin oak)

Quercus garryana (Garry oak)

Quercus ilicifolia (Bear oak)

Quercus imbricaria (Shingle oak)

Quercus macrocarpa (Bur oak)

Quercus montana (Chestnut oak)

Quercus muehlenbergii (Chinquapin oak)

Quercus palustris (Pin oak)

Quercus prinoides (Dwarf chinquapin oak)

Quercus robur (English oak) - introduced

Quercus rubra (Northern red oak)

Quercus shumardii (Shumard oak)

Quercus velutina (Black oak)

Rhamnus (buckthorns)

Rhamnus cathartica (European buckthorn) - introduced

Rhamnus frangula (Glossy buckthorn) - introduced

Rhamnus purshiana (Cascara buckthorn)

Rhododendron (rhododendrons)

Rhododendron macrophyllum (Pacific rhododendron)

Rhododendron maximum (Rosebay rhododendron) - introduced

Rhododendron ponticum (Pontic rhododendron) - introduced

Rhus (sumacs)

Rhus copallina (Shining sumac)

Rhus glabra (Smooth sumac)

Rhus typhina (Staghorn sumac)

Robinia

Robinia pseudoacacia (Black locust) - introduced

Sassafras

Sassafras albidum (Sassafras)

Salix (willows) - too many species to list.

Sambucus (elder)

Sambucus callicarpa (Red-berry elder)

Sambucus canadensis (American elder)

Sambucus cerulea (Blue-berry elder)

Sambucus melanocarpa (Black-berry elder)

Sambucus pubens (Eastern red-berry elder)

Shepherdia

Shepherdia argentea (Silver buffalo-berry)

Sorbus (rowans)

Sorbus americana (American Rowan or mountain-ash)

Sorbus aucuparia (European rowan) - introduced

Sorbus decora (Showy Rowan or mountain-ash)

Sorbus sitchensis (Sitka Rowan or mountain-ash)

Syringa

Syringa vulgaris (Common lilac)

Tilia (lindens)

Tilia americana (Basswood)

Tilia cordata (Little-leaf linden) - introduced

Tilia tomentosa (Silver linden) - introduced

Toxicodendron

Toxicodendron vernix (Poison-sumac)

Ulmus (elms)

Ulmus americana (American elm or White elm)

Ulmus glabra (Wych elm) - introduced

Ulmus procera (English elm) - introduced

Ulmus pumila (Siberian elm) - introduced

Ulmus rubra (Slippery elm)

Ulmus thomasii (Rock elm)

Viburnum (viburnums)

Viburnum edule (Squashberry)

Viburnum lantana (Wayfaring-tree) - introduced

Viburnum lentago (Sweet viburnum, nannyberry)

Viburnum opulus (Wayfaring tree) - introduced

Viburnum trilobum (Highbush cranberry)

Zanthoxylum (Zanthoxylums, prickly-ashes)

Zanthoxylum americanum (Common prickly-ash)

Zanthoxylum clava-herculis (Southern prickly-ash)

Zelkova

Zelkova serrata (Japanese zelkova) - introduced