7 spaceflights
Jerry L. Ross – USA
Franklin Chang-Diaz – Costa Rica/USA*
6 spaceflights
John W. Young – USA
Story Musgrave – USA
Curtis Brown – USA
James Wetherbee – USA
Michael Foale – United Kingdom/USA*
Sergei Krikalev – Russia
Yuri Malenchenko – Russia
Note: While Young has made six spaceflights, he was launched into orbit seven times if his moon ascent on Apollo 16 is counted.
* Dual citizen.
Man – Gennady Padalka, who has spent 879 days in space over 5 missions, became the man who spent the most time in space when he surpassed, on 28 June 2015, the record of Sergei Krikalev who spent 803 days, 9 hours and 39 minutes, or 2.2 years in space over the span of six spaceflights on Soyuz, the Space Shuttle, Mir, and the International Space Station. Currently, second is Yuri Malenchenko who spent 828 days in space on six spaceflights.
Woman – Peggy Whitson has spent 376 days, 17 hours and 22 minutes in space over the span of two spaceflights to the International Space Station (scheduled to fly again in November 2016). Second is Sunita Williams who spent 321 days 17 hours 15 minutes in space.
Samantha Cristoforetti, European astronaut of Italian nationality, holds the record for the longest single spaceflight by a woman at 199 days, 16 hours on Expedition 42/Expedition 43 of the International Space Station in 2014–2015. Second is American astronaut Sunita Williams with 195 days on the ISS where she was a member of Expedition 14/Expedition 15 (2006–2007).
An international partnership consisting of Russia, the United States, Canada, Japan and the member states of the European Space Agency have jointly maintained a continuous human presence in space since 31 October 2000 when Soyuz TM-31 was launched. Two days later it docked with the International Space Station. Since then space has been continuously occupied for 7008517190400000000♠16 years, 142 days.
The International Space Station has been continuously occupied since 2 November 2000 (7008517017600000000♠16 years, 140 days). It broke the record of 9 years 358 days of the Soviet/Russian Space Station Mir on 23 October 2010.
Valery Bykovsky flew for 4 days and 23 hours solo in Vostok 5, 14–19 June 1963. The flight set a space endurance record which was broken in 1965 by the (non-solo) Gemini 5 flight. The Apollo program included long solo spaceflight, and during the Apollo 16 mission, T.K. Mattingly orbited solo around the Moon for more than 3 days and 9 hours.
Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt of the Apollo 17 mission stayed for 74 hours 59 minutes 40 seconds (over 3 days) on the lunar surface after they landed on 11 December 1972. They performed three EVAs (extra-vehicular activity) totaling 22 hours 3 minutes, 57 seconds (as commanders were always the first one out of the LM and the last to get back in, Cernan's EVA time was slightly longer).
Ronald Evans of Apollo 17 mission stayed in lunar orbit for 6 days and 4 hours (148 hours), however for the solo portion of that flight around the Moon, T.K. Mattingly on Apollo 16 spent 1 hour 38 minutes longer than Evans' solo duration.
Fruit flies launched by the United States in 1947 aboard a V-2 rocket to an altitude of 68 miles (108 km). Also the first animals to safely return from space.
Laika was a Soviet female canine launched on 3 November 1957 on Sputnik 2. The technology to deorbit had not yet been developed, so there was no expectation for survival. She died several hours into flight. Belka and Strelka were the first to successfully return to Earth from orbit on 19 August 1960.
Veterok (Ветерок, "Little Wind") and Ugolyok (Уголёк, "Ember") were launched on 22 February 1966 on board Cosmos 110 and spent 22 days in orbit before landing on 16 March.
An assortment of animals including a pair of Russian tortoises, as well as wine flies and mealworms launched with a number of other biological specimens including seeds and bacteria on a circumlunar mission aboard the Zond 5 spacecraft. It was launched by a Proton-K rocket on 15 September 1968. The capsule came within 2000 km of the moon and returned to Earth, the first spacecraft in history to return safely to Earth from the moon.
Apollo 13 crew; Jim Lovell, Fred Haise, Jack Swigert while passing over the far side of the moon at an altitude of 254 km (158 mi) from the lunar surface, were 400,171 km (248,655 mi) from Earth. This record breaking distance was reached at 0:21 UTC on 15 April 1970.
Gemini 11 crew Charles Conrad, Jr and Richard F. Gordon, Jr. fired their Agena Target Vehicle rocket engine on 14 September 1966, at 40 hours 30 minutes after liftoff and achieved a record apogee altitude of 739.2 nautical miles (1,369.0 km).
The Apollo 10 crew; Thomas Stafford, John W. Young and Eugene Cernan achieved the highest speed relative to Earth ever attained by humans; 39,897 km/h (11.082 km/s, 24,791 mph, approximately 32 times the speed of sound and approximately 0.0037 percent of the speed of light). The record was set 26 May 1969.
Joe Walker born 20 February 1921, on X-15 Flight 90 on 19 July 1963.
Man – Georgy Beregovoy born 15 April 1921, on Soyuz 3 on 26 October 1968.
Woman – Valentina Tereshkova born 6 March 1937, on Vostok 6 on 16–19 June 1963.
Man – Gherman Titov, aged 25 years, on Vostok 2 on 6 August 1961.
Woman – Valentina Tereshkova, aged 26 years on Vostok 6 on 16–19 June 1963.
Man – John Glenn at age 77, 29 October 1998 on STS-95.
Woman – Peggy Whitson at age 56, 17 November 2016 on Soyuz MS-03. Turned 57 while in space.
Man – Anatoly Solovyev, 16 spacewalks for total of 77 hours, 41 minutes (which is also the duration record).
Woman – Sunita Williams, 7 spacewalks for a total time of 50 hours and 40 minutes.
7: Anatoly Solovyev, during the 24th Expedition on the Soviet/Russian space station Mir, in 1997–98.
Two were internal "spacewalks" inside a depressurized module.
6: Leonid Kizim and Vladimir Solovyov, the third crew on the Soviet space station Salyut 7.
The following is a list of the 50 space travelers with the most total time in space, as of 1 November 2016. Travelers currently in space are ranked by total time in space of their completed missions only.
Color-key:
Currently in space
Active
Retired
Deceased
