Under the Appointments Clause of the United States Constitution and law of the United States, certain federal positions appointed by the president of the United States require confirmation (advice and consent) of the United States Senate.
These "PAS" (Presidential Appointment needing Senate confirmation) positions, as well as other types of federal government positions, are published in the United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions (Plum Book), which is released after each United States presidential election. A 2012 Congressional Research Service study estimated that approximately 1200-1400 positions require Senate confirmation.
United States Secretary of Agriculture
United States Deputy Secretary of Agriculture
Under Secretary for Farm and Foreign Agricultural Services
Under Secretary for Food, Nutrition, and Consumer Services
Under Secretary for Food Safety
Under Secretary for Marketing and Regulatory Programs
Under Secretary for Natural Resources and Environment
Under Secretary for Research, Education, and Economics
Under Secretary for Rural Development
General Counsel
Assistant Secretary for Congressional Relations
Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights
Chief Financial Officer
Inspector General
5 Commissioners of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (political balance required; five-year term of office; chair, who must first be confirmed as a commissioner, also needs to be confirmed)
3 Members of the Farm Credit Administration (political balance required; six-year term of office)
Military Officers (commissions and promotions) – Officers receive a commission assigning them to the officer corps from the President (with the consent of the Senate). Promotions of all commissioned military officers are also commissioned by the President (with the consent of the Senate).
Secretary of Defense
Deputy Secretary of Defense
Director – Operational Test and Evaluation
General Counsel
Inspector General
Assistant Secretary for Legislative Affairs
Under Secretary for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics
Principal Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics
Deputy Under Secretary for Logistics and Materiel Readiness
Deputy Under Secretary for Acquisition and Technology
Assistant to the Secretary for Nuclear and Chemical and Biological Defense Programs
Director of Defense Research and Engineering
Under Secretary (Comptroller) and Chief Financial Officer
Under Secretary for Intelligence
Under Secretary for Personnel and Readiness
Principal Deputy Under Secretary for Personnel and Readiness
Assistant Secretary for Health Affairs
9 Members of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Board of Regents (six-year terms of office)
Assistant Secretary for Reserve Affairs
Under Secretary for Policy
Principal Deputy Under Secretary for Policy
Assistant Secretary for Asian and Pacific Security Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Global Security Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Homeland Defense
Assistant Secretary for International Security Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Special Operations/Low Intensity Conflict & Interdependent Capabilities
Secretary
Under Secretary
Assistant Secretary for Acquisition
Assistant Secretary for Financial Management and Comptroller
Assistant Secretary for Manpower and Reserve Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Installations, Environment, and Logistics
General Counsel
Chief of Staff (four-year term of office)
Secretary
Under Secretary
Assistant Secretary for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology
Assistant Secretary for Civil Works
Assistant Secretary for Financial Management and Comptroller
Assistant Secretary for Installations, Energy and Environment
Assistant Secretary for Manpower and Reserve Affairs
General Counsel
Chief of Staff (four-year term of office)
Secretary
Under Secretary
Assistant Secretary for Financial Management and Comptroller
Assistant Secretary for Installations and Environment
Assistant Secretary for Manpower and Reserve Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Research, Development, and Acquisition
General Counsel
Chief of Naval Operations (four-year term of office)
Commandant of the Marine Corps (four-year term of office)
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (two-year term of office)
Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (two-year term of office)
Under Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Security/Administrator of the National Nuclear Security Administration
Principal Deputy Administrator - National Nuclear Security Administration
Deputy Administrator for Defense Programs - National Nuclear Security Administration
Deputy Administrator for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation - National Nuclear Security Administration
Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management
5 Members of the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (political balance required; five-year terms of office)
5 Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (political balance required; 15-year terms of office)
Under Secretary for Export Administration
Under Secretary for International Trade
Assistant Secretary for Export Administration
Assistant Secretary for Export Enforcement
Assistant Secretary for Trade Promotion/Director General of the U.S. and Foreign Commercial Service
Department of Housing and Urban Development
Secretary
Deputy Secretary
Assistant Secretary for Administration
Assistant Secretary for Community Planning and Development
Assistant Secretary for Congressional and Intergovernmental Relations
Assistant Secretary for Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity
Assistant Secretary for Housing/Federal Housing Commissioner
Assistant Secretary for Policy Development and Research
Assistant Secretary for Public and Indian Housing
Chief Financial Officer
Director – Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (five-year term)
General Counsel
Inspector General
President – Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae)
Administrator – Federal Transit Administration
Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence
Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions
Assistant Secretary for Terrorist Financing
Comptroller of the Currency (five-year term of office)
Director of the Mint (five-year term of office)
Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers
Director of the Office of Management and Budget
Controller, Office of Federal Financial Management
Chair of the Council of Environmental Quality
United States Trade Representative
Chief Agricultural Negotiator
Director of the Office of Drug Control Policy
Director of the Office of Science Technology and Policy
Assistant to the President for Science and Technology (OSTP)
Assistant to the President and Chief Technology Officer (OSTP)
Associate Director, Environment (OSTP)
Associate Director, Technology (OSTP)
Associate Director, Science (OSTP)
5 Members of the Export-Import Bank of the United States (political balance required; four-year terms of office — Chair, who first must be confirmed as a member, also needs to be confirmed.)
Inspector General of the Export-Import Bank of the United States
3 Members of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (political balance required; six-year terms of office — Chair and vice chair, who first must be confirmed as members, also need to be confirmed.)
Inspector General of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
4 Members of the Federal Housing Finance Board (political balance required; seven-year terms of office)
7 Governors of the Federal Reserve System (14-year terms of office — Chair and vice chair, who first must be confirmed as governors, also need to be confirmed for four-year terms in those offices.)
3 Members of the National Credit Union Administration (political balance required; six-year terms of office)
5 Commissioners of the Securities and Exchange Commission (political balance required; five-year terms of office)
3 Directors of the National Consumer Cooperative Bank (of 15 total; three-year terms of office)
15 to 21 Directors of the National Institute of Building Sciences (three-year terms of office)
5 Directors of the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (of 7 total; three-year terms of office)
Office of Management and Budget
Director
Deputy Director
Secretary of Commerce
Deputy Secretary
Assistant Secretary for Legislative and Intergovernmental Affairs
Chief Financial Officer and Assistant Secretary for Administration
General Counsel
Under Secretary for Industry and Security
Assistant Secretary for Economic Development Administration
Under Secretary for Economic Affairs
Director, Bureau of the Census
Under Secretary for International Trade
Assistant Secretary for Import Administration
Assistant Secretary for Market Access and Compliance
Assistant Secretary for Manufacturing and Services
Assistant Secretary of Commerce and Director General of the United States Foreign Commercial Service
Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere/Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Assistant Secretary for Environmental Observation and Prediction
Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Management
Chief Scientist
Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information
Under Secretary for Standards and Technology/Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Under Secretary for Intellectual Property/Director, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Inspector General
Department of Homeland Security
Under Secretary for Science and Technology
Assistant Secretary/Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration
Commandant of the Coast Guard
United States Coast Guard officers (commissions and promotions)
Secretary
Deputy Secretary
Under Secretary for Policy
Assistant Secretary for Aviation and International Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Budget and Programs and Chief Financial Officer
Assistant Secretary for Governmental Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Transportation Policy
Administrator – Federal Aviation Administration (five-year term of office)
Administrator – Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
Administrator – Federal Railroad Administration
Administrator – Maritime Administration
Administrator – National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Administrator – Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
Administrator – Research and Innovative Technology Administration
General Counsel
Inspector General
3 Members of the Surface Transportation Board (political balance required; five-year terms of office)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Deputy Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Chief Financial Officer of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Inspector General of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Office of Science and Technology Policy
Director
Associate Director for Science
Associate Director for Technology
Associate Director for National Security & International Affairs
Associate Director for Energy & Environment
5 Commissioners of the Consumer Product Safety Commission (political balance required; seven-year terms of office - Only three of the positions have been funded and filled since the mid-1980s; chair, who first must be confirmed as a member, also needs to be confirmed.)
5 Commissioners of the Federal Communications Commission (political balance required; five-year terms of office)
5 Commissioners of the Federal Maritime Commission (political balance required; five-year terms of office)
5 Commissioners of the Federal Trade Commission (political balance required; seven-year terms of office)
5 Members of the National Transportation Safety Board (political balance required; five-year terms of office - Chair, who first must be confirmed as a member, also needs to be confirmed.)
Federal Coordinator for Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects
9 Directors of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (political balance required; six-year terms of office)
3 Directors of the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (six-year terms of office; political balance required)
7 Members of the Amtrak Reform Board (five-year terms of office)
5 Members of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation Advisory Board (political balance required;indefinite terms of office)
Assistant Secretary for Economic Development
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Civil Works)
Assistant Secretary for Fish, Wildlife and Parks
Director – United States Fish and Wildlife Service
Administrator – Federal Highway Administration
Chair of the Council on Environmental Quality
Administrator
Deputy Administrator
Assistant Administrator
Assistant Administrator for Administration and Resources Management
Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation
Assistant Administrator for Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
Assistant Administrator for Environmental Information
Assistant Administrator for International Affairs
Assistant Administrator for Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances
Assistant Administrator for Research and Development
Assistant Administrator for Solid Waste and Emergency Response
Assistant Administrator for Water
Chief Financial Officer
General Counsel
Inspector General
Federal Cochair of the Appalachian Regional Commission
5 Members of the Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (five-year terms of office – Chair, who first must be confirmed as a member, also needs to be confirmed.)
Federal Cochair of the Delta Regional Authority
5 Commissioners of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (political balance required; five-year terms of office)
Inspector General of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission
9 Directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority (five-year terms of office)
Inspector General of the Tennessee Valley Authority
9 Trustees of the Morris K. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in National Environmental Policy Foundation (political balance required; six-year terms of office)
Under Secretary for International Trade
Assistant Secretary for Import Administration
Assistant Secretary for Market Access and Compliance
Department of Health and Human Services
Secretary
Deputy Secretary
Administrator – Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Assistant Secretary for Resources and Technology
Chief financial officer
Assistant Secretary for Children and Families
Assistant Secretary for Legislation
Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
Commissioner – Children, Youth, and Families
General Counsel
Inspector General
Department of Homeland Security
Commissioner – U.S. Customs and Border Protection
Secretary
Deputy Secretary
Under Secretary for Domestic Finance
Under Secretary for International Affairs
Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence
Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy
Assistant Secretary for Financial Markets
Assistant Secretary (Deputy Under Secretary) for International Affairs
Assistant Secretary (Deputy Under Secretary) for Legislative Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy
Chief Financial Officer
Director — Policy Planning
Chief Counsel — Internal Revenue Service/Assistant General Counsel for Tax
Commissioner — Internal Revenue Service (five-year terms of office)
General Counsel
Inspector General
Inspector General — Tax Administration
Office of the United States Trade Representative
U.S. Trade Representative
3 Deputy U.S. Trade Representatives
Chief Agricultural Negotiator
Director of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
Commissioner of the Social Security Administration (six-year term of office)
Deputy Commissioner of the Social Security Administration (six-year term of office)
Inspector General of the Social Security Administration
6 Commissioners of the United States International Trade Commission (political balance required; nine-year terms of office)
2 Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund (of 6 total; political balance required; four-year terms of office)
2 Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Trust Fund and the Disability Insurance Trust Fund (of 6 total; political balance required; four-year terms of office)
2 Trustees of the Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund, Board of Trustees (of 6 total; political balance required; four-year terms of office)
6 Members of the Internal Revenue Service Oversight Board (five-year terms of office)
3 Members of the Social Security Advisory Board (of 7 total; political balance required; six-year terms of office)
19 Judges of the United States Tax Court (15-year terms of office)
Secretary
Deputy Secretary
Deputy Secretary for Management and Resources
Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security Affairs
Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights
Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment
Under Secretary for Management
Under Secretary for Political Affairs
Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs
Assistant Secretary for African Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Conflict and Stabilization Operations
Assistant Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
Assistant Secretary for Diplomatic Security
Assistant Secretary for East Asian and Pacific Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Economic and Business Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Educational and Cultural Affairs
Assistant Secretary for European and Eurasian Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Research
Assistant Secretary for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
Assistant Secretary for International Organization Affairs
Assistant Secretary for International Security and Nonproliferation
Assistant Secretary for Legislative Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Near Eastern Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Political-Military Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Population, Refugee, and Migration
Assistant Secretary for Resource Management
Assistant Secretary for South and Central Asian Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Verification, Compliance, and Implementation
Assistant Secretary for Western Hemisphere Affairs
Ambassador-at-Large and Coordinator for Counterterrorism
Ambassador-at-Large to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons
Ambassador-at-Large for International Religious Freedom
Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues
U.S. Permanent Representative to the Organization of American States
U.S. Permanent Representative to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Chief Financial Officer
United States Global AIDS Coordinator
Director General of the Foreign Service
Director — Office of Foreign Missions
Inspector General of the Department of State
Legal Adviser of the Department of State
Chief of Protocol
Counselor of the Department of State
188 Ambassadors
Foreign Service Officers (commissions and promotions)
U.S. Permanent Representative and Chief of Mission to the United Nations
U.S. Deputy Permanent Representative – United Nations
U.S. Representative – United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture
U.S. Representative – United Nations Economic and Social Council
U.S. Alternate Representative – Special Political Affairs in the United Nations
U.S. Representative – United Nations Management and Reform
U.S. Representative – European Office of the United Nations (Geneva)
U.S. Representative – United Nations Office at Vienna (also serves as a representative to the International Atomic Energy Agency)
U.S. Representative – International Atomic Energy Agency
U.S. Deputy Representative – International Atomic Energy Agency
U.S. Representative to sessions of the General Assembly and other United Nations Bodies — numerous positions (terms of office depends on length of session)
Administrator
Assistant Administrator — Asia and Near East
Assistant Administrator — Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance
Assistant Administrator — Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade
Assistant Administrator — Europe and Eurasia
Assistant Administrator — Global Health
Assistant Administrator — Latin America and Caribbean
Assistant Administrator — Legislative and Public Affairs
Assistant Administrator — Policy and Program Coordination
Assistant Administrator — Sub-Saharan Africa
Deputy Administrator
Inspector General
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
U.S. Executive Director two-year term of office; full-time
U.S. Alternate Executive Director
Governor
Alternate Governor
U.S. Executive director for the international Development Association
U.S. Alternate director for the international Development Association
Governor for the international Development Association
Alternate Governor for the international Development Association
U.S. Executive director for the International Finance Corporation
U.S. Alternate Director for the International finance Corporation
Governor for the International Finance corporation
Alternate Governor for the International Finance Corporation
U.S. Executive Director of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
Director of the International Broadcasting Bureau, Broadcasting Board of Governors
3 Commissioners of the International Joint Commission, United States and Canada
U.S. Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund (two-year term of office)
U.S. Alternate Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund (two-year term of office)
U.S. Executive Director of the Inter-American Development Bank (three-year term of office)
U.S. Alternate Executive Director of the Inter-American Development Bank (three-year term of office)
U.S. Alternate Executive Director for the Inter-American Investment Corporation
Director of the United States Trade and Development Agency
U.S. Executive Director of the African Development Bank (five-year term of office; full-time)
Governor and Alternate Governor of the African Development Bank (five-year terms of office; part-time)
U.S. Executive Director of the Asian Development Bank (full-time)
Governor and Alternate Governor of the Asian Development Bank (part-time
Chief Executive Officer of the Millennium Challenge Corporation (full-time)
4 Directors of the Millennium Challenge Corporation (of 9 total; part-time; three-year terms of office)
President/Chief Executive Officer of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (full-time)
Executive Vice President of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (full-time)
8 Directors of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (of 15 total; part-time; three-year terms of office)
Director of the Peace Corps (full-time)
Deputy Director of the Peace Corps (full-time)
15 Members of the Peace Corps National Advisory Council (part-time; political balance required; two-year terms of office)
9 Members of the Advisory Board for Cuba Broadcasting (political balance required; three-year terms of office)
7 Directors of the African Development Foundation (political balance required; six-year terms of office)
Governor of the African Development Fund
Alternate Governor of the African Development Fund
8 Members of the Broadcasting Board of Governors (of 9 total; political balance required; three-year terms of office)
9 Directors of the Inter-American Foundation (political balance required; six-year terms of office)
7 Commissioners of the U.S. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy (political balance required; three-year terms of office)
Secretary
Deputy Secretary
Director, Institute of Education Sciences (six-year term of office)
Under Secretary
Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights – runs the Office for Civil Rights
Assistant Secretary for Communications and Outreach – runs the Office of Communications and Outreach
Assistant Secretary for Elementary and Secondary Education – runs the Office of Elementary and Secondary Education
Assistant Secretary for Legislation and Congressional Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Planning, Evaluation and Policy Development – runs the Office of Planning, Evaluation, and Policy Development
Assistant Secretary for Postsecondary Education – runs the Office of Postsecondary Education
Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative Services – runs the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services
Assistant Secretary for Vocational and Adult Education – runs the Office of Vocational and Adult Education
Chief Financial Officer
Commissioner – Rehabilitation Services Administration
General Counsel
Inspector General
Department of Health and Human Services
Administrator — Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
Assistant Secretary for Aging
Assistant Secretary for Health
Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response
Commissioner of Food and Drugs
Director – National Institutes of Health
Surgeon General (four-year term of office)
Secretary of Labor
Deputy Secretary of Labor
Assistant Secretary for Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Disability Employment Policy
Assistant Secretary for Employee Benefits Security Administration
Assistant Secretary for Employment Standards Administration
Assistant Secretary for Employment and Training Administration
Assistant Secretary for Mine Safety and Health Administration
Assistant Secretary for Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Assistant Secretary for Policy
Assistant Secretary for Veterans' Employment and Training Service
Administrator – Wage and Hour Division
Chief Financial Officer
Commissioner – Bureau of Labor Statistics
Inspector General
Solicitor
Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation for National and Community Service
Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation for National and Community Service
Inspector General of the Corporation for National and Community Service
5 Commissioners of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (political balance required; five-year terms of office)
General Counsel of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (four-year term of office)
Director of the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service
5 Commissioners of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (six-year terms of office)
National Endowment for the Arts – Chair (four-year term of office)
National Endowment for the Humanities – Chair (four-year term of office)
Institute of Museum and Library Services – Director (four-year term of office)
5 Members of the National Labor Relations Board (Political balance is not required, but, by tradition, no more than three members are from the same party; five-year terms of office)
General Counsel of the National Labor Relations Board (four-year term of office)
3 Members of the National Mediation Board (three-year terms of office)
Director of the National Science Foundation (six-year term of office)
Deputy Director of the National Science Foundation
3 Members of the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (six-year terms of office)
Director of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
3 Members of the Railroad Retirement Board (five-year terms of office; chair, who first must be appointed as a member, also needs to be confirmed.)
Inspector General of the Railroad Retirement Board
8 Trustees of the Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Foundation (of 13 total; political balance required; six-year terms of office)
15 Directors of the Corporation for National and Community Service (political balance required; five-year terms of office)
8 Trustees of the Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation (of 13 total; political balance required; six-year terms of office)
6 Trustees of the James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation (of 13 total; political balance required; six-year terms of office)
11 Directors of the Legal Services Corporation (political balance required; three-year terms of office)
14 Members of the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science (of 15 total; five-year terms of office)
14 Members of the National Council on the Arts (of 21 total; six-year terms of office)
26 Members of the National Council on the Humanities (of 27 total; six-year terms of office)
12 Directors of the United States Institute of Peace (of 15 total; political balance required; four-year terms of office)
Director – Bureau of the Census
Department of Homeland Security
Secretary
Deputy Secretary
Under Secretary for Management
Under Secretary for National Protection and Programs
Assistant Secretary – Policy
Assistant Secretary – U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
Assistant Secretary of Transportation Security – Transportation Security Administration
Administrator - Transportation Security Administration
Administrator - Federal Emergency Management Agency
Deputy Administrator, Federal Emergency Management Agency
Deputy Administrator for National Preparedness, Federal Emergency Management Agency
Chief Financial Officer
General Counsel
Inspector General
Office of Management and Budget
Director
Deputy Director
Deputy Director for Management
Administrator of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy
Administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs
Controller of the Office of Federal Financial Management
Director of the Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency to the District of Columbia (six-year term of office)
3 Members of the Federal Labor Relations Authority (political balance required; five-year terms of office)
General Counsel of the Federal Labor Relations Authority (five-year term of office)
Administrator of the General Services Administration
Inspector General of the General Services Administration
3 Members of the Merit Systems Protection Board (political balance required; seven-year terms of office). The Chair, who first must be confirmed as a member, also needs to be confirmed.
Archivist of the United States, National Archives and Records Administration
Director of the Office of Government Ethics (five-year term of office)
Director of the Office of Personnel Management (four-year term of office)
Deputy Director of the Office of Personnel Management
Inspector General of the Office of Personnel Management
Special Counsel of the Office of Special Counsel (five-year term of office)
5 Commissioners of the Postal Regulatory Commission (political balance required; six-year terms of office)
Most other Inspectors General
5 Members of Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (four-year terms of office)
Chair of the Special Panel on Appeals (six-year term of office)
9 Governors of the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service (political balance required; nine-year terms of office)
Comptroller General of the United States, Government Accountability Office (15-year term of office)
Deputy Comptroller General of the Government Accountability Office
Chief Judge of the District of Columbia Court of Appeals (15-year term of office)
9 Judges of the District of Columbia Court of Appeals (15-year terms of office)
Chief Judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia (15-year term of office)
61 Judges of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia (15-year terms of office)
Department of Health and Human Services
Director – Indian Health Service (four-year term of office)
Commissioner – Administration for Native Americans
Assistant Secretary – Indian Affairs
Chair – National Indian Gaming Commission (three-year term of office)
Special Trustee – American Indians
Assistant Attorney General – National Security Division
Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Research
Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis
Director
General Counsel
Inspector General
Director of National Intelligence
Principal Deputy Director
Director, National Counterterrorism Center
General Counsel
Inspector General of the Intelligence Community
Chief Information Officer
Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property – United States Patent and Trademark Office
Department of Homeland Security
Assistant Secretary – U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
Director – U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
Attorney General
Solicitor General
Deputy Attorney General
Associate Attorney General
Assistant Attorney General - Antitrust Division
Assistant Attorney General – Office of Justice Programs
Assistant Attorney General – Office of Legal Counsel
Assistant Attorney General – Office of Legal Policy
Assistant Attorney General – Office of Legislative Affairs
Assistant Attorney General – Civil Division
Assistant Attorney General – Civil Rights Division
Assistant Attorney General – Criminal Division
Assistant Attorney General – Environment and Natural Resources Division
Assistant Attorney General – National Security Division
Assistant Attorney General – Tax Division
Administrator – Drug Enforcement Administration
Deputy Administrator – Drug Enforcement Administration
Director – Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
Director – Community Relations Service (four-year term of office)
Director – Federal Bureau of Investigation (10-year term of office)
Director – Office on Violence Against Women
Director – United States Marshals Service
Inspector General
Special Counsel – Immigration-Related Unfair Employment Practices (four-year term of office)
93 United States Attorneys (one in each federal judicial district, except that one U.S. Attorney serves for both the Districts of Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands; four-year terms of office)
94 United States Marshals (one in each federal judicial district; four-year terms of office)
5 Members of the United States Parole Commission (six-year term of office)
Chair of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission (three-year term of office; nominated from among commissioner members)
2 other Members of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission (three-year terms of office)
Office of National Drug Control Policy
Director of National Drug Control Policy ("Drug Czar")
Deputy Director of National Drug Control Policy
Deputy Director for Demand Reduction
Deputy Director for Supply Reduction
Deputy Director for State and Local Affairs
11 Directors of the State Justice Institute (three-year terms of office)
Chief Justice of the United States (life tenure)
8 Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States (life tenure)
179 Judges of the United States courts of appeals (life tenure)
16 Judges of the United States Court of Federal Claims (15-year terms of office)
9 Judges of the United States Court of International Trade (political balance required; life tenure)
678 Judges of the United States district courts (Most are life tenure; in total there are 663 permanent judgeships, 11 temporary judgeships, and four territorial court judgeships. In the districts with the 11 temporary judgeships, the seat lapses with the departure of a judge from that district at some particular time specified in statute unless Congress enacts legislation to extend the temporary judgeship or convert it to a permanent judgeship.)
Chair of the United States Sentencing Commission (six-year term of office; nominated from among commission members)
3 Vice Chairs of the United States Sentencing Commission (six-year terms of office; designated from among commission members)
3 other Commissioners of the United States Sentencing Commission (political balance required; six-year terms of office; one of the seven members is also nominated to be the full-time chair of the commission, and two others are designated as full-time vice-chairs)
4 Commissioners of the Election Assistance Commission (four-year terms of office; political balance required)
6 Commissioners of the Federal Election Commission (six-year terms of office; political balance required)
Architect of the Capitol
Public Printer – Government Printing Office
Librarian – Library of Congress
Administrator
Deputy Administrator
Chief Counsel for Advocacy
Inspector General
Assistant Secretary of Labor for Veterans' Employment and Training Service
Secretary of Veterans Affairs
Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs
Under Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Benefits (four-year term of office) – heads Veterans Benefits Administration
Under Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Health (four-year term of office) – heads Veterans Health Administration
Under Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Memorial Affairs – heads National Cemetery Administration
Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Congressional and Legislative Affairs
Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Information and Technology
Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Policy and Planning
Chief Financial Officer
Chair, Board of Veterans Appeals (six-year term of office)
General Counsel
Inspector General
3 to 7 Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims (15-year terms of office)
There are a number of positions that required Senate confirmation of appointees in the past, but do not today. The Presidential Appointment Efficiency and Streamlining Act of 2011 (Pub.L. 112-166), signed into law on August 10, 2012, eliminates the requirement of Senate approval for 163 positions, allowing the president alone to appoint persons to these positions: Parts of the act went into effect immediately, while other parts took effect on October 9, 2012, 60 days after enactment.
Department of Agriculture:
Assistant Secretary for Administration,
Administrator of the Rural Utilities Services
all members of the Board of Directors of the Commodity Credit Corporation (7)
Department of Commerce:
Chief Scientist of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Department of Defense:
All members of the National Security Education Board (6)
Director of the Selective Service System
Department of Education:
Assistant Secretary for Management
Commissioner for Education Statistics
Department of Health and Human Services:
Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs
Department of Homeland Security:
Director of the Office for Domestic Preparedness
Assistant Administrator for Grant Programs, Federal Emergency Management Administration (FEMA)
Administrator of the U.S. Fire Administration
Director of the Office of Counternarcotics Enforcement
Chief Medical Officer
Assistant Secretary for Health Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Legislative Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs
Housing and Urban Development:
Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs
Department of Justice:
Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics
Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance
Director of the National Institute of Justice
Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
Director of the Office for Victims of Crime
Department of Labor:
Assistant Secretary for Administration and Management
Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs
Director of the Women's Bureau
Department of State
Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Administration
Department of Transportation:
Assistant Secretary for Budget and Programs
Assistant Secretary for Administration
Deputy Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration
Administrator of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation
Department of the Treasury:
Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Management
Treasurer of the United States
Department of Veterans Affairs:
Assistant Secretary for Management
Assistant Secretary for Human Resources and Administration
Assistant Secretary for Public and Intergovernmental Affairs
Assistant Secretary for Operations, Security, and Preparedness
Appalachian Regional Commission:
Alternative Federal Co-Chairman
Council of Economic Advisers:
all members (2), except the Chairperson
Corporation for National and Community Service:
Managing directors (2)
National Council on Disability:
All members, including the Chairperson
National Museum and Library Services Boards:
all members
National Science Foundation:
all Board members
Office of National Drug Control Policy:
Deputy Directors
Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation:
Commissioner
United States Agency for International Development (USAID):
Assistant Administrator for Management
Community Development Financial Institution Fund:
Administrator
Mississippi River Commission:
all Commissioners (7)
National Board for Education Sciences:
all members (15)
National Institute for Literacy Advisory Board:
all members (10)
Board of Trustees of the Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development:
all members (13)
United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps:
all appointments and promotions (except Surgeon General)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps:
all appointments and promotions
The act also eliminated entirely the positions of Assistant Secretary of Defense for Networks and Information Integration and Assistant Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs.
