List of mnemonics

Art

To remember the Elements of Art: Space, Form, Texture, Shape, Line, Value, Color.

Spaceships Fly Through Space Looking Very Cool

The Fat Cat Sings Songs Very Loudly

Astronomy

Main sequence of stellar classification: Oh Be A Fine Girl [or Guy], Kiss Me Right Now Sweetie): (O B A F G K M R N S)

Order of planets from the Sun (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune)

obsolete (per the IAU definition of planet):

In his 1958 novel, Have Space Suit—Will Travel, Robert A. Heinlein included "prices" which represent the mean distances from the Sun of the then-known major orbiting bodies in the Solar System in astronomical units:

I Eat Green Cows: The Galilean moons are the four largest moons of Jupiter—Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. They were discovered by Galileo Galilei around January 1610 and were the first group of objects found to orbit another planet. Their names derive from the lovers of Zeus.

Biology

To remember the order of taxa in biology (Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species, [Variety]):

"Dear King Philip Come Over For Good Spaghetti/Soup" is often cited as a non-vulgar method for teaching students to memorize the taxonomic classification system. Other variations tend to start with the mythical king, with one author noting "The nonsense about King Philip, or some ribald version of it, has been memorized by generations of biology students".

Do Kings Play Chess On Fine Green Silk?

Do Kings Play Chess On Friday Golf Saturday?

Dumb Kids Prefer Cheese Over Fried Green Spinach

Dumb Kids Playing Catch On Freeway Get Squashed

Do Keep People Clean Order Free Green Soap

Dirty, Kinky People Can Often Find Great Sex

Do Kids Pass Chemistry Or Flunk General Science?

Do Kindly Place Cover On Fresh Green Spring Vegetables

To remember the lifecycle of cells (Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis):

Idiotic Penguins Make Antarctica Too Cold

I Pee More After Tea Consumption

To remember the common functional groups (Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, Carboxyl, Amine, Sulfhydryl, Phosphate, Methyl):

Hair Care Can Always Save People Money

To remember the processes that define living things:

MRS GREN: Movement; Respiration; Sensation; Growth; Reproduction; Excretion; Nutrition

My Really Hungry Grasshopper Refuses Neglect (Metabolism, Response, Homeostasis, Growth, Reproduction, Nutrition)

To remember the roles of reproductive organs in flowers:

Stamen are male; stigma (as in mother) are female

To remember the number of humps on types of camels:

D in Dromedary has one hump; B in Bactrian has two

To remember the 6 nutrients (Water, Carbohydrates, Proteins, Minerals, Vitamins, Lipids).

What Car Protects My Vital Lips?

Business and economics

To remember the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) "Principles of Professional Conduct" from the "Code of Professional Conduct" (Responsibility, The Public Interest, Integrity, Objectivity and Independence, Due Care, Scope and Nature of Services):

"Rude penguins irritate old dying seals."

"Real pyros ignite objects during sex."

"Risqué people invite others down stairs."

"I Once Played Soccer with Drunk Rinaldo."

"I S N O R T D." (T = The Public interest")

"I D r o p s

"Rest In Peace Old, Dead Squirrel

Chemistry

To remember the first 20 Elements of the Periodic Table (Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, Calcium):

Harry He Likes Beer Bottle Cold, Not Over Frothy. Nelly's Nanny Might, Although Silly Person, She Climbs Around Kinky Caves; usually the first one or two letters represents the element's symbol.

He Has Light Brain But Can Not Offer Full Nine Subjects, May All Senior Professional Scientists Come And Protect Chemistry.

Hi Helen, Listen B.B.C. News On Friday N(e)ight. Naughty Maggie Always Sings Pop Songs. Clever Archie Kissed Cathy.

"My Enormous Penguin Bounces Pretty High" to remember the series of alkanes : Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Pentane, Hexane

"Please Send Cats, Monkeys And Zebras In Large Cages Make Sure Padlocked" to remember the reactivity of metals : Potassium Sodium Calcium Magnesium Aluminum Zinc Iron Lead Copper Mercury Silver Platinum.

"All Altruists Gladly Make Gum In Gallon Tanks" To remember which form (D or L) the 8 aldohexoses are in for Organic Chemistry; Allose, Altrose, Glucose, Mannose, Gulose, Idose, Galactose, Talose).

"H.HeLi, B.BCNOF and NeNa MgAl SiPS ClArKCa" Another for the first 20 Elements of the Periodic Table

"Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer" diatomic elements- H, N, F, O, I, Cl, Br (Beer(liquid), Ice (solid))

"Really Great (and Noble) Kings Don't Forget (Ladies') Birthdays" - how to remember the products of fractional distillation of crude oil (refinery gases, gasoline, naphtha, kerosene, diesel oil, fuel oil, lubricating fraction and bitumen)

"LEO said GER" - Losing Electrons is Oxidation, Gaining Electrons is Reduction

"OILRiG" - Oxidation is losing electrons, Reduction is gaining electrons. 'I' in Oil stands for increase in Electronegativity Value.

"Friends Care Bestfriends love Always" Group 17 in periodic table: Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine.

Computing

There are many mnemonics for the seven layers of the OSI model in computing: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation and application.

Because the layers are numbered from the bottom-up, many mnemonics have been developed in both directions. Here are some mnemonics that start from the bottom up:

People Desperately Need To See Pamela Anderson,

Please Do Not Throw Sausage/Salami Pizza Away and

Programmers Like Networks That Seldom Postpone Anything.

From the top down: All People Seem To Need Data Processing.

The protocol data units (PDUs) for the OSI model (Data, Segment, Packet, Frame, Bit) can be remembered using the phrases Do Some People Fear Binary? and Don't Stop Pouring Free Beer.

The hard-to-remember PCMCIA standard was ironically encoded as "People Can't Memorize Computer Industry Acronyms".

In the Linux kernel, here is a mnemonic to remember the Magic SysRq key sequence for safe reboot (unRaw, tErminate, kIll, Sync, Unmount, reBoot)

Raising Elephants Is So Utterly Boring.

Reboot Even If System Utterly Broken.

In CSS, a mnemonic for remembering the order of the shorthand versions of some selectors like border, padding and margin is TRouBLe (Top, Right, Bottom, Left; {margin: Tpx Rpx Bpx Lpx;} ).

Education

Bloom's Taxonomy (Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, Evaluation): Keep calm at all sporting events.

Engineering

For the EIA electronic color code, Black(0), Brown(1), Red(2), Orange(3), Yellow(4), Green(5), Blue(6), Violet(7), Gray(8), White(9), Gold(5%), Silver(10%), None(20%)

A mnemonic to remember which way to turn common (right-hand thread) screws and nuts, including light bulbs, is "Righty-tighty, Lefty-loosey"; another is "Right on, Left off".

Film

To remember all of the actors who have played the Doctor in the BBC show "Doctor Who" in chronological order. (Hartnell, Troughton, Pertwee, Baker, Davison, Baker, McCoy, McGann, Eccleston, Tennant, Smith, Capaldi.)

Geography

Latitude and Longitude

Latitude Longitude

Great Lakes of North America

Arbitrary ordering: "HOMES" (Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior) Ordered by decreasing surface area: "Super Heroes Must Eat Oats". (Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie, Ontario) From west to east: Super Man Helps Every One (Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario)

Street sequence running east and west in downtown Seattle, running south to north: "Jesus Christ Made Seattle Under Pressure" (Jefferson/James, Cherry/Columbia, Marion/Madison, Spring/Seneca, University/Union, Pike/Pine)

Compass directions, starting at the top and going clockwise (NESW, North, East, South, West): Never Eat Soggy Waffles (or Weetbix), Never Eat Shredded Wheat, Naughty Elephants Squirt Water, Never Eat Slimy Worms, Never Eat Soggy Wheat, Newt Eyes Swing Wobble, etc.

Northern European countries, from West to East: "No Soup For Russia" (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia)

Countries located around the Adriatic Sea (in clockwise direction): "Incredibly Slimy Cockroach Bit My Aunt" (Italia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania)

Seven hills of Rome: "Can Queen Victoria Eat Cold Apple Pie?" (Capitoline, Quirinal, Viminal, Esquiline, Caelian, Aventine, and Palatine)

Seven continents (Asia, Europe, Australia, Africa, South America, Antarctica, North America):

Always Eat An Apple, Says A Nurse!

Geology

Geological periods: Precambrian, Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, Pliocene, Pleistocene, Recent (Holocene)

Pregnant Camels Often Sit Down Carefully, Perhaps Their Joints Creak? Possibly Early Oiling Might Prevent Permanent Rheumatism

Paleozoic to Cenozoic: Pregnant Camels Ordinarily Sit Down Carefully, Perhaps Their Joints Creak

Mohs scale of mineral hardness 1-10:

For Talc(=1) Gypsum(=2) Calcite(=3) Fluorite(=4) Apatite(=5) Orthoclase(=6) Quartz(=7) Topaz(=8) Corundum(=9) Diamond(=10)

Tall Girls Can Fight And Other Queer Things Can Develop

TAll GYroscopes CAn FLy APart ORbiting QUickly TO COmplete DIsintegration

Toronto Girls Can Flirt And Only Quit To Chase Dwarves

Terrible Giants Can Find Alligators Or Quaint Trolls Conveniently Digestible

Differentiating stalactites from stalagmites.

The 'mites go up and the 'tites come down. When one has ants in one's pants, the mites go up and the tights come down. (In a strict scientific sense, a mite is not an ant, although "mite" in common speech can refer to any small creature.)

Stalactites hang tight, hang down like tights on a line; stalagmites might bite (if you sit on them), might reach the roof.

Tights hang from the Ceiling, and Mites crawling around on the Ground

You need might to do push-ups (from the floor). You must hold tight doing chin-ups (off the ceiling).

Stalactites are on the ceiling. Stalagmites are on the ground.

Stalactites cling tight to the ceiling; stalagmites might reach the ceiling.

History

543210 is a mnemonic for the date when prohibition was lifted in Finland: 5th April (4th month) 1932 at 10 in the morning (local time).

Kings of England: Willie, Willie, Harry, Stee (etc.)

Wives of Henry VIII manner of death: Divorced, beheaded, died / Divorced, beheaded, survived.

Wives of Henry VIII names: Aragon, Boleyn, Seymour, Cleves, Howard, Parr

All Boys Should Come Home Please

All Beheadings Should Carry Heavy Penalties

The first eight United States presidents: George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren

Will a jolly man make a jolly visitor?

Royal Houses of England and Great Britain: Norman, Plantagenet, Lancaster, York, Tudor, Stuart, Hanover, Windsor

No plan like yours to study history wisely

Thirteen Chinese Dynasties: (Xia (Hsia), Shang, Zhou (Chou), Qin (Ch'in), Han, Jin, Southern & Northern, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing (Ching))

She Shamefully Chose Chinese Hand Jingles and Sinfully Sweet Tango Songs: "You and Me, Chickadee!"

The major Roman numerals: 50, 100, 500, 1000:

Lovely Cadbury Dairy Milk (L, C, D, M)

Lazy Cats Don't Move (L, C, D, M)

Date when European explorer Christopher Columbus reached America: 1492

"In fourteen hundred and ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue"

Sequential order (Left to Right) of the Presidents as found on Mount Rushmore: Washington, Jefferson, Roosevelt, Lincoln

Why Just Remember Lincoln?!

Colors of the Olympic Rings: Blue, Yellow, Red, Black, Green

Bring Your Record Breaking Guy/Girl!

Grammar

Adjective order in English: OSASCOMP (Opinion, Size, Age, Shape, Color, Origin, Material, Purpose)

Coordinating conjunctions in English: FANBOY (for, and, nor, but, or, yet).

The distinction between the Spanish verbs ser and estar, both meaning "to be"

"If it's how you are, or where you are, always use estar."

The vowels used in Latin subjunctives can be remembered with "wE fEAr A frIAr", or "hEr brEAsts Are gIAnt".

German word order: TeKaMoLo (Temporal (time), Kausal (reason), Modal (manner), Lokal (place)).

French consonants that are pronounced at the end of some words are: CaReFuL (c, r, f and l).

The verbs in French that use the auxiliary verb être can be memorized using the phrase "Dr. (and) Mrs. Vandertramp":

devenir, revenir, monter, rester, sortir, venir, aller, naître, descendre, entrer, rentrer, tomber, retourner, arriver, mourir, partir

Onomasty

Given names (masculine and feminine):

Francis (him) and Frances (her) Don (son) and Dawn (daughter)

Pronunciation

The pronunciation and lexical ordering of the Japanese vowels:

Ah we soon get old (AIUEO)

Common vowel sounds for several languages including Spanish and Esperanto (one sound per letter):

Pa let me go too (AEIOU)

Law

Common law felonies: Mrs. Baker: Murder, Rape, Sodomy, Burglary, Arson, Kidnapping, Escape, Robbery

Felony Murder qualifiers in New York: BRAKES: Burglary, Robbery, Arson, Kidnapping, Escape, and Sex crimes

Contracts which need to be in writing: My Legs: Marriage, Year (anything which can't be completed in a year), Land, Estates, Goods (sale of goods or services over $500), Surety

Seven articles of the United States Constitution: Large Elephants Jump Slowly and Sink Rapidly: Legislative, Executive, Judicial, Statehood, Amendment, Supremacy, Ratification

Order of operations

PEMDAS- Parenthesis, Exponents, Multiplication & Division, Addition & Subtraction can be remembered by the phrase: "Please excuse my dear Aunt Sally". In order from left to right. Multiplication then division which ever one comes first then, addition and subtraction which ever one comes first.

BEDMAS - Brackets (parenthesis), Exponents, Division & Multiplication, Addition & Subtraction

BIDMAS - Brackets, Indices (exponents), Division, Multiplacation, Addition, Subtraction

Quadratic equation

The articulation of the quadratic equation can be sung to the tune of various songs as a mnemonic device.

Trigonometry

ASTC stands for All Students Take Calculus, and also pertains to the more simplified mnemonic Add Sugar To Coffee, which represents the trigonometric functions that are positive in each quadrant, beginning with the top right and continuing counterclockwise: All, sine, tangent, cosine. -All Science Teachers Are Crazy -All Silver Tea Cups -Annie Spewed Terrible Curses

Remembering the definitions of sine, cosine, and tangent can be done by memorizing SOHCAHTOA, which helps to encode Sine = Opposite over Hypotenuse, Cosine = Adjacent over Hypotenuse, and Tangent = Opposite over Adjacent. These mnemonics are more useful if they can be recited in three groups of three words.

Other ways to remember SOHCAHTOA are:

Some Old Horses Can Always Hear Their Owner Approaching

Some Old Horse Came A-Hoppin' Through Our Alley

Silly Old Henry Can't Add Hundreds, Tens Or Anything

Some Old Hags Can't Always Hide Their Old Age

Some Old Hippie Caught Another Hippie Tripping On Acid

SOH-CAH-TOA can also be memorized directly, as the name of a fictitious Native American tribal chief or princess.

Other techniques group the abbreviations differently: SCT,O/H,A/H,O/A, which stands for Sine Cosine Tangent, Opposite/Hypotenuse, Adjacent/Hypotenuse, Opposite/Adjacent. This mnemonic, "SCTOHAHOA", can be committed to memory as "Sally Can Tell, Oscar Has A Hat On Always". Some students use "Hard On" as opposed to "Hat On", finding that sexual and humorous mnemonics are often easier to recall.

SPH-CBH-TPB (sine = perpendicular/hypotenuse, cosine = base/hypotenuse, tangent = perpendicular/base)

Some People Have Curly Brown Hair Through Proper Brushing

Some People Have Curly Brown Hair Turned Permanently Black

Another odd permutation:

Oranges Have Segments, Apples Have Cores, Oranges Are Tangy

In Hindi, there is a funny mnemonic — Sona Chandi Tole Pandit Badri Prasad Har Har Bole, where:

Sona = Pandit / Har (sine = perpendicular/hypotenuse)

Chandi = Badri / Har (cosine = base/hypotenuse)

Tole = Prasad / Bole (tangent = perpendicular/base)

The sines, cosines and tangents of the special angles in the first quadrant are obtained by simplifying

Calculus

For remembering the order of taking the derivative of a quotient in calculus, the phrase "lo-di-hi minus hi-di-lo all over lo squared" can be useful, where lo means the bottom, hi means the top, and di means the derivative.

( h i g h l o w ) ′ = l o w ⋅ h i g h ′ − h i g h ⋅ l o w ′ l o w 2

Another phrase that one may use is: "Bottom d Top, Top d bottom", where "d" stands for derivative (but this mnemonic does not include a reminder of the crucial dividing by the bottom squared).

A phrase memorable for sounding like a square dance call is "Low d high, Less high d low, Draw the line, O'er squared be low."

Pi (π)

The infinitude of digits in an expansion of the mathematical constant pi has inspired numerous literary and mnemonic writings. See the above referred article for many examples.

An excellent rational approximation of π is obtained by noting that 1 / π ≈ 1 1 3 / 3 5 5 .

Medicine

To remember the 10 organ systems of the human body:

NICER DRUMS (Nervous, Intergumentary, Circulatory, Endocrine, Respiratory, Digestive, Reproductive, Urinary, Muscular, Skeletal)

Intrinsic muscles of hand

'A OF A OF A'

Thenar (lateral to medial-palmar surface):

Abductor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Flexor pollicis brevis Adductor pollicis

Hypothenar (lateral to medial-palmar surface):

Opponens digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi Abductor digiti minimi

Bones of the wrist:
Scaphoid bone, Lunate bone, Triquetral bone, Pisiform bone, Trapezium (bone), Trapezoid bone, Capitate bone & Hamate bone

Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle She Looks Too Pretty Try To Catch Her So Long To Pinky, Here Comes The Thumb Simply Learn The Positions That The Carpus Has Send Louis To Paris To Tame Carnal Hungers Stop Letting Those People Touch The Cadaver's Hands

Differential Diagnosis

VINDICATE

Cranial nerves

Guitar

Mnemonics are also used in remembering guitar string names in standard tuning.

Every Average Dude Gets Better Eventually

Eggs Are Deliciously Good Breakfast Energy

Eddy Ate Dynamite Good Bye Eddy

Every Adult Dog Growls Barks Eats.

Every Acid Dealer Gets Busted Eventually

Even After Dinner Giant Boys Eat

Elephants And Donkeys Grow Big Ears

Every American Dog Gets Bones Easily

Thus we get the names of the strings from 6th string to the 1st string in that order.

Conversely, a mnemonic listing the strings in the reverse order is:

Every Beginning Guitarist Does All Exercises!

Elvis' Big Great Dane Ate Everything

Every Big Girl Deserves An Elephant

Easter Bunny Gets Drunk At Easter

Ukulele

As for guitar tuning, there is also a mnemonic for ukuleles.

Good Cooks Eat A-lot

Reading music

Musicians can remember the notes associated with the five lines of the treble clef using any of the following mnemonics, EGBDF: (from the bottom line to the top)

Every Good Boy Does Fine.

Every Good Boy Deserves Fudge (or Footie, Friendship, Fun, Fruit, etc.)

Every Green Bogey Deserves Flicking

Empty Garbage Before Dad Flips

Ernie Gave Bert Dead Fish

Every Good Bird Does Fly

The four spaces of the treble clef spell out (from the bottom to the top) FACE

The five lines of the bass clef from the bottom to the top

Good Boys Do Fine Always

Grizzly Bears Don't Fly Airplanes

Great Basses Dig Fine Altos

Goblins Bring Death For All

The four spaces of the bass clef from the bottom to the top

All Cows Eat Grass

All Cars Eat Gas

The five lines of the alto clef from the bottom to the top

Fat Alley Cat Eats Garbage

The four spaces of the alto clef from the bottom to the top

Green Birds Do Fly

The order of sharps in key signature notation is F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯, B♯, which can be remembered using the phrase

Father Christmas Gave Dad An Electric Blanket.

Fat Cats Go Down Alleys Eating Birds.

The order of flats is B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, and F♭ (reverse order of sharps), which can be remembered using the phrase:

Blanket Exploded And Dad Got Cold Feet.

Before Eating A Doughnut Get Coffee First.

Philosophy

THE LAD ZAPPA is a mnemonic for the first 11 (and most important) Ionian philosophers: Thales, Heraclitus, Empedocles, Leucippus, Anaximander, Democritus, Zeno, Anaximenes, Protagoras, Parmenides, Anaxagoras .

THE PLAZA PAD is another mnemonic for the first 11 (and most important) Ionian philosophers: Thales, Heraclitus, Empedocles, Protagoras, Leucippus, Anaximander, Zeno, Anaximenes, Parmenides, Anaxagoras, Democritus.

Physics

Sequence of colors in a rainbow or visible spectrum (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet):

Microwave frequency bands

"We guarantee certainty, clearly referring to this light mnemonic" represents the speed of light in meters per second through the number of letters in each word: 299,792,458.

Religion

For the order of the Old Testament (Protocanonical) books of the Bible:

Pentateuch

God's Eternal Love Never Dies.

Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy.

History Books

Joshua Judges Ruth. Son 'a Sam Keeps Killing Career Criminals Every Nine Evenings.

Joshua, Judges, Ruth. 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel, 1 Kings, 2 Kings, 1 Chronicles, 2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther.

Wisdom

Jesus Provides People Everlasting Strength.

Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song.

Major prophets

I Just Love Every Day.

Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel.

Minor prophets

Having Jesus Always Offers Joy. My New Happy Zookeeper Hosts Zebra Manicures.

Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah. Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi.

For the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, remember your BAPTISM (BAPTJJJJJSSM, using the ancient Hebrew letter I in place of the modern J):

To remember the seven deadly sins:

Use the phrase SLAP EGG

Sloth, Lust, Anger (wrath), Pride, Envy, Greed (avarice), Gluttony

Or use the phrase PALE GAS

Pride, Avarice (greed), Lust, Envy, Gluttony, Anger (wrath), Sloth

Or to keep all the traditional words, including "Wrath", use the mnemonic "PEG'S LAW"

Pride, Envy, Gluttony, Sloth, Lust, Avarice (greed), Wrath

The position of the hands when making the Christian sign of the cross can be remembered by the phrase:

To remember how many books are in both the Old and New Testaments of the Christian Bible, remember the following equation through the number of letters in each word: (Old Testament = 39 books, New Testament = 3 × 9 = 27 books)

To recall the Five Pillars of Islam, remember the following sentence: Fast People Can't Feed Porcupines!

Characteristic sequence of letters

I always comes before E (but after C, E comes before I)

In most words like friend, field, piece,pierce, mischief, thief, tier, it is "i" which comes before "e". But on some words with c just before the pair of e and i, like receive, perceive, "e" comes before "i". This can be remembered by the following mnemonic,

But this is not always obeyed as in case of weird and weigh,weight,height,neighbor etc. and can be remembered by extending that mnemonic as given below

Another variant, which avoids confusion when the two letters represent different sounds instead of a single sound, as in atheist or being, runs

Where ever there is a Q there is a U too

Most frequently u follows q. e.g.: Que, queen, question, quack, quark, quartz, quarry, quit, Pique, torque, macaque, exchequer. Hence the mnemonic:

When two vowels go walking the first does the talking

For words like "oat" or "eat", here the second letter a is silent and first letter o and e respectively are pronounced in the examples

Letters of specific syllables in a word

BELIEVE

SECRETARY

TEACHER

MEASUREMENT

FRIEND

SPECIAL

BEAUTIFUL

SEPARATE

Distinguishing between similar words

Difference between Advice & Advise, Practice & Practise, Licence & License etc.

Advice, Practice, Licence etc. (those with c) are nouns and Advise, Practise, License etc. are verbs.

Here or Hear

Complement and Compliment

Principle and Principal

Remedial and Menial

Their, There and They're

Stationary and stationery

First letter mnemonics of spelling

DIARRH(O)EA

ARITHMETIC

NECESSARY

BECAUSE

MNEMONICS

GEOGRAPHY

TOMORROW

RHYTHM

Transportation

Marine

"Red, Right, Return" reminds the skipper entering ("returning to") an IALA region B port to keep red markers to the starboard of the vessel.

The phrase "there's always some red port (wine) left" is used to remember the basics in seafaring. "Red" refers to the color of navigation lights on the port (left) side of a vessel (as opposed to green on the starboard side).

"Nuclear Restrictions Constrain Fishing and Sailing, People Say" is used to encode the "order of priority" for which vessels have right of way (earlier in the list has priority over later): Not under command; Restricted; Constrained by draft; Fishing vessel; Sailboat; Powerboat; Seaplane.

Aviation uses many mnemonics in addition to written checklists. See also Category: Aviation mnemonics

pre-landing: GUMPS - Gas, Undercarriage, Mixture, Propeller, Speed.

pre-final: MARTHA - Missed (procedure), Altitude (limit), Radios (set), Time (limit), Heading (final), Airspeed (descent)

pre-high-altitude - FLOWER - Flow (enabled), Lights (test), Oxygen (charged), Water (humidity), Electricity (on), Radio (check)

pre-flight-paperwork - ARROW - Airworthiness (certificate), Registration, Required (charts), Operating (checklists), Weight and balance

night collision avoidance: Red, Right, Returning - Red nav light on Right implies target is Returning (closing)

radio loss Instrument course - CDEF - as Cleared, else Direct to last fix, else as directed to Expect, else as flight plan Filed

spin recovery - POKER - Power (off), Opposite (full rudder), Klean (flaps, ...), Elevator (briskly forward), Recover (from dive)

Units of measure

Metric System - common SI Prefixes: kilo-, hecto-, deca-, unit, deci-, centi-, milli-, in descending order of magnitude.

King Henry Died Drinking Chocolate Milk

Metric System - large SI Prefixes: exa-, peta-, tera-, giga-, mega- kilo-, hecto-, deca-

Every person that gave me kisses has diarrhea.

Metric System - small SI Prefixes: deci-, centi-, milli-, micro-, nano-, pico-, femto-, atto-

Dairy cows make milk, not pink fruit, asshole.