This is a list of the native wild mammal species recorded in Madagascar. As of June 2014 (following the IUCN reassessment of the lemurs) there are 241 extant mammal species recognized in Madagascar, of which 22 are critically endangered, 62 are endangered, 32 are vulnerable, 9 are near-threatened, 72 are of least concern and 44 are either data deficient or not evaluated. All of the critically endangered species are lemurs. Most if not all of the 29 listed extinct species are believed to have died out in prehistoric times, following the first appearance of humans about 2000 years ago; none of these are known to have survived into the post-European contact period.
The mammalian fauna of Madagascar is highly distinctive and largely endemic. The extant nonmarine, nonchiropteran taxa constitute (as of June 2014) 168 species, 40 genera and 9 families; of these, endemic forms make up all but perhaps one of the species, all but one genus, and all but three of the families.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:
Order: Afrosoricida (tenrecs and golden moles)
The afrotherian order Afrosoricida contains the golden moles of southern Africa and the tenrecs of Madagascar and Africa, two families of small mammals that were traditionally part of the order Insectivora. All the native tenrecs of Madagascar are believed to descend from a common ancestor that arrived 25–42 million years ago after rafting over from Africa (where only 3 species of tenrecids, the otter shrews, survive).
Family: Tenrecidae (tenrecs)
Subfamily: Geogalinae
Genus: Geogale
Large-eared tenrec Geogale aurita LC
Subfamily: Oryzorictinae
Genus: Limnogale
Web-footed tenrec Limnogale mergulus VU
Genus: Microgale
Short-tailed shrew tenrec Microgale brevicaudata LC
Cowan's shrew tenrec Microgale cowani LC
Dobson's shrew tenrec Microgale dobsoni LC
Drouhard's shrew tenrec Microgale drouhardi LC
Dryad shrew tenrec Microgale dryas VU
Pale shrew tenrec Microgale fotsifotsy LC
Gracile shrew tenrec Microgale gracilis LC
Microgale grandidieri
Naked-nosed shrew tenrec Microgale gymnorhyncha LC
Jenkins' shrew tenrec Microgale jenkinsae EN
Northern shrew tenrec Microgale jobihely EN
Lesser long-tailed shrew tenrec Microgale longicaudata LC
Microgale macpheei EX (PH)
Major's long-tailed tenrec (Microgale majori) LC
Montane shrew tenrec Microgale monticola VU
Nasolo's shrew tenrec Microgale nasoloi VU
Pygmy shrew tenrec Microgale parvula LC
Greater long-tailed shrew tenrec Microgale principula LC
Least shrew tenrec Microgale pusilla LC
Shrew-toothed shrew tenrec Microgale soricoides LC
Taiva shrew tenrec Microgale taiva LC
Talazac's shrew tenrec Microgale talazaci LC
Thomas's shrew tenrec Microgale thomasi LC
Genus: Oryzorictes
Mole-like rice tenrec Oryzorictes hova LC
Four-toed rice tenrec Oryzorictes teradactylus DD
Subfamily: Tenrecinae
Genus: Echinops
Lesser hedgehog tenrec Echinops telfairi LC
Genus: Hemicentetes
Highland streaked tenrec Hemicentetes nigriceps LC
Lowland streaked tenrec Hemicentetes semispinosus LC
Genus: Setifer
Greater hedgehog tenrec Setifer setosus LC
Genus: Tenrec
Tailless tenrec Tenrec ecaudatus LC
Order: †Bibymalagasia (bibymalagasians)
Bibymalagasia is an enigmatic order represented by two extinct species of dog-sized, probably insectivorous mammals restricted to Madagascar. Although their relationships have been debated, they have been thought to belong to Afrotheria. Morphological analyses have tended to place them close to aardvarks (order Tubulidentata), perhaps due to convergent specializations for digging. Analysis of preserved collagen sequences, however, places them within Afrosoricida closest to tenrecs. The two species differ in size and aspects of morphology. They survived until as recently as 2150 BP.
Genus: †Plesiorycteropus
Plesiorycteropus germainepetterae EX (PH)
Plesiorycteropus madagascariensis EX (PH)
Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered. The dugong ranges widely along coastlines from east Africa to Australasia. It and the tenrecs are Madagascar's only extant afrotherians.
Family: Dugongidae
Genus: Dugong
Dugong Dugong dugon VU
Order: Primates
The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided into four main groupings: strepsirrhines, tarsiers, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World. Madagascar's 15 genera of extant nonhuman primates compares with 6 in Central America, 20 in South America, 23 in Africa and 19 in Asia. The endemic primates of Madagascar are the lemurs, the largest branch of strepsirrhines. Between 2000 and 2008, 39 new species were described, bringing the total number of recognized species and subspecies to 99; by 2014, the number of extant species and subspecies recognized had increased to 105. Of these, the IUCN classified 24 as critically endangered, 49 as endangered, 20 as vulnerable, three as near-threatened, three as of least concern and four as data-deficient; two were yet to be evaluated. The common ancestor of Madagascar's lemurs is believed to have rafted across the Mozambique Channel from Africa between 50 and 60 million years ago. A number of lemur species larger than any now alive, ranging in size up to that of a gorilla, are believed to have gone extinct shortly after the arrival of humans. Strepsirrhines make up all of Madagascar's native primates species, but comprise only a quarter of those of Africa, the rest being simians. Madagascar's strepsirrhines occupy both diurnal and nocturnal niches, while all those outside Madagascar are nocturnal and nearly all simians are diurnal (the only exception being Aotus, which lives where strepsirrhines are absent).
Suborder: Strepsirrhini
Infraorder: Lemuriformes
Family: †Archaeolemuridae (monkey lemurs)
Genus: †Archaeolemur
Archaeolemur edwardsi EX (PH)
Archaeolemur majori EX (PH)
Genus: †Hadropithecus
Hadropithecus stenognathus EX (PH)
Family: Cheirogaleidae
Genus: Allocebus
Hairy-eared dwarf lemur Allocebus trichotis VU
Genus: Cheirogaleus
Montagne d'Ambre dwarf lemur Cheirogaleus andysabini NE
Furry-eared dwarf lemur Cheirogaleus crossleyi DD
Lavasoa dwarf lemur Cheirogaleus lavasoensis NE
Greater dwarf lemur Cheirogaleus major DD
Fat-tailed dwarf lemur Cheirogaleus medius LC
Lesser iron-gray dwarf lemur Cheirogaleus minusculus DD
Sibree's dwarf lemur Cheirogaleus sibreei CR
Genus: Microcebus
Arnhold's mouse lemur Microcebus arnholdi EN
Madame Berthe's mouse lemur Microcebus berthae EN
Bongolava mouse lemur Microcebus bongolavensis EN
Boraha mouse lemurMicrocebus boraha NE
Danfoss' mouse lemur Microcebus danfossi EN
Ganzhorn's mouse lemurMicrocebus ganzhorni NE
Gerp's mouse lemur Microcebus gerpi CR
Reddish-gray mouse lemur Microcebus griseorufus LC
Jolly's mouse lemur Microcebus jollyae EN
Goodman's mouse lemur Microcebus lehilahytsara VU
MacArthur's mouse lemur Microcebus macarthurii EN
Manitatra mouse lemur Microcebus manitatra NE
Marohita mouse lemur Microcebus marohita CR
Claire's mouse lemur Microcebus mamiratra CR
Margot Marsh's mouse lemur Microcebus margotmarshae EN
Mittermeier's mouse lemur Microcebus mittermeieri EN
Gray mouse lemur Microcebus murinus LC
Pygmy mouse lemur Microcebus myoxinus VU
Golden-brown mouse lemur Microcebus ravelobensis EN
Brown mouse lemur Microcebus rufus VU
Sambirano mouse lemur Microcebus sambiranensis EN
Simmons' mouse lemur Microcebus simmonsi EN
Anosy mouse lemur Microcebus tanosi NE
Northern rufous mouse lemur Microcebus tavaratra VU
Genus: Mirza
Coquerel's giant mouse lemur Mirza coquereli EN
Northern giant mouse lemur Mirza zaza EN
Genus: Phaner
Amber Mountain fork-marked lemur Phaner electromontis EN
Masoala fork-marked lemur Phaner furcifer VU
Pale fork-marked lemur Phaner pallescens EN
Pariente's fork-marked lemur Phaner parienti EN
Family: Daubentoniidae
Genus: Daubentonia
Aye-aye Daubentonia madagascariensis EN
Giant aye-aye Daubentonia robusta EX (PH)
Family: Indriidae
Genus: Avahi
Betsileo woolly lemur Avahi betsileo EN
Bemaraha woolly lemur Avahi cleesei EN
Eastern woolly lemur Avahi laniger VU
Southern woolly lemur Avahi meridionalis EN
Moore's woolly lemur Avahi mooreorum EN
Western woolly lemur Avahi occidentalis EN
Peyrieras' woolly lemur Avahi peyrierasi VU
Ramanantsoavana's woolly lemur Avahi ramanantsoavani VU
Sambirano woolly lemur Avahi unicolor EN
Genus: Indri
Indri Indri indri CR
Genus: Propithecus
Silky sifaka Propithecus candidus CR
Coquerel's sifaka Propithecus coquereli EN
Crowned sifaka Propithecus coronatus EN
Von der Decken's sifaka Propithecus deckenii EN
Diademed sifaka Propithecus diadema CR
Milne-Edwards' sifaka Propithecus edwardsi EN
Perrier's sifaka Propithecus perrieri CR
Golden-crowned sifaka Propithecus tattersalli CR
Verreaux's sifaka Propithecus verreauxi EN
Family: Lemuridae (large lemurs)
Genus: Eulemur
White-headed lemur Eulemur albifrons EN
Gray-headed lemur Eulemur cinereiceps CR
Collared brown lemur Eulemur collaris EN
Crowned lemur Eulemur coronatus EN
Blue-eyed black lemur Eulemur flavifrons CR
Common brown lemur Eulemur fulvus NT
Black lemur Eulemur macaco VU
Mongoose lemur Eulemur mongoz CR
Red-bellied lemur Eulemur rubriventer VU
Red-fronted lemur Eulemur rufifrons NT
Red lemur Eulemur rufus VU
Sanford's brown lemur Eulemur sanfordi EN
Genus: Hapalemur
Lac Alaotra bamboo lemur Hapalemur alaotrensis CR
Golden bamboo lemur Hapalemur aureus CR
Eastern lesser bamboo lemur Hapalemur griseus VU
Beanamalao bamboo lemur Hapalemur griseus gilberti EN
Eastern lesser bamboo lemur Hapalemur griseus griseus VU
Ranomafana bamboo lemur Hapalemur griseus ranomafanensis DD
Southern lesser bamboo lemur Hapalemur meridionalis VU
Western lesser bamboo lemur Hapalemur occidentalis VU
Genus: Lemur
Ring-tailed lemur Lemur catta EN
Genus: †Pachylemur
Pachylemur insignis EX (PH)
Pachylemur jullyi EX (PH)
Genus: Prolemur
Greater bamboo lemur Prolemur simus CR
Genus: Varecia
Red ruffed lemur Varecia rubra CR
Black-and-white ruffed lemur Varecia variegata CR
Southern black-and-white ruffed lemur Varecia variegata editorum CR
White-belted black-and-white ruffed lemur Varecia variegata subcincta CR
Black-and-white ruffed lemur Varecia variegata variegata CR
Family: Lepilemuridae
Genus: Lepilemur
Antafia sportive lemur Lepilemur aeeclis VU
Ahmanson's sportive lemur Lepilemur ahmansonorum EN
Ankarana sportive lemur Lepilemur ankaranensis EN
Betsileo sportive lemur Lepilemur betsileo EN
Gray-backed sportive lemur Lepilemur dorsalis VU
Milne-Edwards' sportive lemur Lepilemur edwardsi EN
Fleurete's sportive lemur Lepilemur fleuretae CR
Grewcock's sportive lemur Lepilemur grewcockorum EN
Holland's sportive lemur Lepilemur hollandorum EN
Hubbard's sportive lemur Lepilemur hubbardorum EN
James' sportive lemur Lepilemur jamesorum CR
White-footed sportive lemur Lepilemur leucopus EN
Small-toothed sportive lemur Lepilemur microdon EN
Daraina sportive lemur Lepilemur milanoii EN
Mittermeier's sportive lemur Lepilemur mittermeieri EN
Weasel sportive lemur Lepilemur mustelinus NT
Otto's sportive lemur Lepilemur otto EN
Petter's sportive lemur Lepilemur petteri VU
Randrianasolo's sportive lemur Lepilemur randrianasoloi EN
Red-tailed sportive lemur Lepilemur ruficaudatus VU
Sahamalaza sportive lemur Lepilemur sahamalazensis CR
Scott's sportive lemur Lepilemur scottorum EN
Seal's sportive lemur Lepilemur seali VU
Northern sportive lemur Lepilemur septentrionalis CR
Hawks' sportive lemur Lepilemur tymerlachsonorum CR
Wright's sportive lemur Lepilemur wrightae EN
Family: †Megaladapidae (koala lemurs)
Genus: †Megaladapis
Megaladapis edwardsi EX (PH)
Megaladapis madagascariensis EX (PH)
Megaladapis grandidieri EX (PH)
Family: †Palaeopropithecidae (sloth lemurs)
Genus: †Archaeoindris
Archaeoindris fontoynonti EX (PH)
Genus: †Babakotia
Babakotia radofilai EX (PH)
Genus: †Mesopropithecus
Mesopropithecus dolichobrachion EX (PH)
Mesopropithecus globiceps EX (PH)
Mesopropithecus pithecoides EX (PH)
Genus: †Palaeopropithecus (large sloth lemurs)
Palaeopropithecus ingens EX (PH)
Palaeopropithecus maximus EX (PH)
Palaeopropithecus kelyus EX (PH)
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb). All the native nesomyid rodents of Madagascar are believed to descend from a common ancestor that rafted over from Africa 20–24 million years ago. There are about 39 nesomyid species in five subfamilies in Africa, compared to 27 in one subfamily extant in Madagascar. While nesomyids make up all of the native rodent species of Madagascar, they constitute less than 10% of those of Africa.
Suborder: Sciurognathi
Family: Nesomyidae
Subfamily: Nesomyinae
Genus: Brachytarsomys
White-tailed antsangy Brachytarsomys albicauda LC
Brachytarsomys mahajambaensis EX
Hairy-tailed antsangy Brachytarsomys villosa EN
Genus: Brachyuromys
Betsileo short-tailed rat Brachyuromys betsileoensis LC
Gregarious short-tailed rat Brachyuromys ramirohitra LC
Genus: Eliurus
Tsingy tufted-tailed rat Eliurus antsingy DD
Eliurus carletoni
Daniel's tufted-tailed rat Eliurus danieli DD
Ellerman's tufted-tailed rat Eliurus ellermani DD
Grandidier's tufted-tailed rat Eliurus grandidieri LC
Major's tufted-tailed rat Eliurus majori LC
Lesser tufted-tailed rat Eliurus minor LC
Dormouse tufted-tailed rat Eliurus myoxinus LC
White-tipped tufted-tailed rat Eliurus penicillatus EN
Petter's tufted-tailed rat Eliurus petteri VU
Tanala tufted-tailed rat Eliurus tanala LC
Webb's tufted-tailed rat Eliurus webbi LC
Genus: Gymnuromys
Voalavoanala Gymnuromys roberti LC
Genus: Hypogeomys
Malagasy giant rat Hypogeomys antimena EN
Hypogeomys australis EX
Genus: Macrotarsomys
Bastard big-footed mouse Macrotarsomys bastardi LC
Greater big-footed mouse Macrotarsomys ingens EN
Petter's big-footed mouse Macrotarsomys petteri DD
Genus: Monticolomys
Malagasy mountain mouse Monticolomys koopmani LC
Genus: Nesomys
White-bellied nesomys Nesomys audeberti LC
Western nesomys Nesomys lambertoni EN
Nesomys narindaensis EX
Island mouse Nesomys rufus LC
Genus: Voalavo
Eastern voalavo Voalavo antsahabensis EN
Naked-tailed voalavo Voalavo gymnocaudus LC
Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, moles, and solenodons)
Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers. There is one species on Madagascar, which may or may not be endemic.
Family: Soricidae (shrews)
Subfamily: Crocidurinae
Genus: Suncus
Madagascan pygmy shrew Suncus madagascariensis LC
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Of the 46 species, 22 genera and 8 families of bats present on Madagascar, 36 species but only Myzopoda and Myzopodidae are endemic (the family was formerly present, however, on the African mainland). Paratriaenops is endemic to Madagascar plus the Seychelles.
Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
Subfamily: Pteropodinae
Genus: Eidolon
Madagascan fruit bat Eidolon dupreanum VU
Genus: Pteropus
Madagascan flying fox Pteropus rufus VU
Genus: Rousettus
Madagascan rousette Rousettus madagascariensis NT
Family: Vespertilionidae
Subfamily: Myotinae
Genus: Myotis
Malagasy mouse-eared bat Myotis goudoti LC
Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
Genus: Hypsugo
Anchieta's pipistrelle Hypsugo anchietae LC
Genus: Neoromicia
Isalo serotine Neoromicia malagasyensis EN
Malagasy serotine Neoromicia matroka LC
Neoromicia robertsi NE
Genus: Pipistrellus
Dusky pipistrelle Pipistrellus hesperidus LC
Racey's pipistrelle Pipistrellus raceyi DD
Genus: Scotophilus
Lesser yellow bat Scotophilus borbonicus DD
Marovaza house bat Scotophilus marovaza LC
Robust yellow bat Scotophilus robustus LC
Western yellow bat Scotophilus tandrefana DD
Family: Miniopteridae
Genus: Miniopterus
Miniopterus aelleni NE
Miniopterus brachytragos NE
Miniopterus egeri NE
Glen's long-fingered bat Miniopterus gleni LC
Miniopterus griffithsi NE
Miniopterus griveaudi DD
Miniopterus mahafaliensis NE
Major's long-fingered bat Miniopterus majori LC
Manavi long-fingered bat Miniopterus manavi LC
Peterson's long-fingered bat Miniopterus petersoni DD
Sororcula long-fingered bat Miniopterus sororculus LC
Family: Molossidae
Genus: Chaerephon
Chaerephon atsinanana NE
Black and red free-tailed bat Chaerephon jobimena LC
Grandidier's free-tailed bat Chaerephon leucogaster LC
Genus: Mops
Malagasy white-bellied free-tailed bat Mops leucostigma LC
Midas free-tailed bat Mops midas LC
Genus: Mormopterus
Peter's wrinkle-lipped bat Mormopterus jugularis LC
Genus: Otomops
Madagascar free-tailed bat Otomops madagascariensis LC
Genus: Tadarida
Madagascan large free-tailed bat Tadarida fulminans LC
Family: Emballonuridae
Genus: Coleura
African sheath-tailed bat Coleura afra LC
Genus: Emballonura
Peters's sheath-tailed bat Emballonura atrata LC
Western sheath-tailed bat Emballonura tiavato LC
Genus: Taphozous
Mauritian tomb bat Taphozous mauritianus LC
Family: Nycteridae
Genus: Nycteris
Malagasy slit-faced bat Nycteris madagascariensis DD
Family: Hipposideridae
Genus: Hipposideros
Hipposideros besaoka EX
Commerson's leaf-nosed bat Hipposideros commersoni NT
Genus: Paratriaenops
Grandidier's trident bat Paratriaenops auritus VU
Trouessart's trident bat Paratriaenops furculus LC
Genus: Triaenops
Triaenops goodmani EX
Triaenops menamena LC
Family: Myzopodidae
Genus: Myzopoda
Madagascar sucker-footed bat Myzopoda aurita LC
Western sucker-footed bat Myzopoda schliemanni LC
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. The native terrestrial carnivorans of Madagascar are all euplerids, which are believed to descend from a common ancestor that rafted over from Africa 19–26 million years ago. Their closest relatives are the herpestids, the African and Eurasian mongooses. Malagasy mongooses are not "true" mongooses but rather are thought to represent an example of convergent or parallel evolution. About 30% of African terrestrial carnivoran species are herpestids.
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Eupleridae
Subfamily: Euplerinae
Genus: Cryptoprocta
Fossa Cryptoprocta ferox VU
Giant fossa Cryptoprocta spelea EX (PH)
Genus: Eupleres
Eastern falanouc Eupleres goudotii VU
Western falanouc Eupleres major EN
Genus: Fossa
Malagasy civet Fossa fossana VU
Subfamily: Galidiinae
Genus: Galidia
Ring-tailed mongoose Galidia elegans LC
Genus: Galidictis
Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose Galidictis fasciata VU
Grandidier's mongoose Galidictis grandidieri EN
Genus: Mungotictis
Narrow-striped mongoose Mungotictis decemlineata EN
Genus: Salanoia
Brown-tailed mongoose Salanoia concolor VU
Salanoia durrelli NE
Suborder: Caniformia
Clade Pinnipedia (seals, sea lions and walruses)
Family: Otariidae (eared seals, sealions)
Genus: Arctocephalus
Subantarctic fur seal Arctocephalus tropicalis LC
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates and cetaceans)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 noncetacean artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Madagascar's only native artiodactyls are the extinct Malagasy hippos, which are believed to have descended from ancestors that managed to cross the Mozambique Channel from Africa in the late Quaternary, perhaps by swimming. Two or three hippo colonization events may have occurred. H. lemerlei is thought to be a dwarfed form of Africa's H. amphibius, while H. laloumena was larger. C. madagascariensis may be more closely related to the African pygmy hippopotamus, C. liberiensis (the generic assignment of both pygmy forms has been in flux). Skeletal features indicate that Malagasy hippos were better adapted for running than African hippos. H. lemerlei remains have been found in the rivers and lakes of western Madagascar, suggesting a semiaquatic lifestyle similar to that of H. amphibious, while many C. madagascariensis remains have found in Madagascar's forested highlands, indicating a more terrestrial lifestyle.
Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses)
Genus: Choeropsis
Malagasy pygmy hippopotamus Choeropsis madagascariensis EX (PH)
Genus: Hippopotamus
Lesser Malagasy hippopotamus Hippopotamus laloumena EX (PH)
Malagasy dwarf hippopotamus Hippopotamus lemerlei EX (PH)
Infraorder: Cetacea (whales, dolphins and porpoises)
The infraorder Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Their closest extant relatives are the hippos, which are artiodactyls, from which cetaceans descended; cetaceans are thus also artiodactyls.
Parvorder: Mysticeti
Family: Balaenopteridae
Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
Genus: Balaenoptera
Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC
Antarctic minke whale Balaenoptera bonaerensis DD
Southern sei whale Balaenoptera borealis schlegelii EN
Bryde's whale Balaenoptera edeni DD
Pygmy blue whale Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda DD
Southern blue whale Balaenoptera musculus intermedia EN
Omura's whale Balaenoptera omurai DD (among the most common rorquals of NW Madagascar)
Southern fin whale Balaenoptera physalus quoyi EN
Subfamily: Megapterinae
Genus: Megaptera
Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae LC
Family: Cetotheriidae
Subfamily: Neobalaeninae
Genus: Caperea
Pygmy right whale Caperea marginata DD
Family: Balaenidae
Genus: Eubalaena
Southern right whale Eubalaena australis LC (still rare in Madagascar)
Parvorder: Odontoceti
Family: Physeteridae
Genus: Physeter
Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus VU
Family: Kogiidae
Genus: Kogia
Pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps DD
Dwarf sperm whale Kogia sima DD
Family: Ziphidae
Genus: Indopacetus
Tropical bottlenose whale Indopacetus pacificus DD
Genus: Ziphius
Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris DD
Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
Genus: Mesoplodon
Blainville's beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostris DD
Gray's beaked whale Mesoplodon grayi DD
Hector's beaked whale Mesoplodon hectori DD
Layard's beaked whale Mesoplodon layardii DD
True's beaked whale Mesoplodon mirus DD
Superfamily: Delphinoidea
Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
Genus: Steno
Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis LC
Genus: Grampus
Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus DD
Genus: Globicephala
Short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus DD
Genus: Sousa
Indian humpback dolphin Sousa plumbea NT
Genus: Tursiops
Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin Tursiops aduncus DD
Common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus LC
Genus: Stenella
Pantropical spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata LC
Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba LC
Spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris DD
Genus: Delphinus
Long-beaked common dolphin Delphinus capensis DD
Genus: Lagenodelphis
Fraser's dolphin Lagenodelphis hosei DD
Genus: Peponocephala
Melon-headed whale Peponocephala electra DD
Genus: Pseudorca
False killer whale Pseudorca crassidens DD
Genus: Feresa
Pygmy killer whale Feresa attenuata DD
Genus: Orcinus
Orca Orcinus orca DD
See Fauna of Madagascar#Native names for extinct megafauna.
