Sheep and goats are both small ruminants with cosmopolitan distributions due to their being kept historically and in modern times as grazers both individually and in herds in return for their production of milk, wool, and meat. As such the diseases of these animals are of great economic importance to humans.
Diseases caused prions include:
scrapie
Diseases caused by viruses include:
bluetongue disease
foot-and-mouth disease
goatpox
maedi-visna
orf
louping ill, also known as ovine encephalomyelitis
ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, caused by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus
ovine rinderpest
sheeppox
Diseases caused by bacteria include:
blackleg
braxy
foot rot
contagious caprine pleuropneumonia
chlamydiosis
Johne's disease
listeriosis
fleece-rot
Diseases caused by funguses include
Facial eczema
Parasites causing disease in sheep and goats include diseases caused by protozoa, helminths, tapeworms and roundworms.
Babesia species
Anaplasma ovis
Theileria hirci
Cryptosporidium parvum
Ehrlichia ovina
Eimeria species
Giardia intestinalis
Toxoplasma gondii
Trypanosoma species
Sarcocystis species
Fasciola hepatica
Fasciola gigantica
Fascioloides magna
Dicrocoelium dendriticum
Schistosoma bovis
Echinococcus granulosus
Taenia ovis
Taenia hydatigena
Moniezia species
Hoose
Elaeophora schneideri
Haemonchus contortus
Trichostrongylus species
Teladorsagia circumcincta
Cooperia species
Nematodirus species
Dictyocaulus filaria
Protostrongylus refescens
Muellerius capillaris
Oesophagostomum species
Neostrongylus linearis
Chabertia ovina
Trichuris ovis
Ixodes species
Amblyomma species
Boophilus species
Dermacentor species
Haemaphysalis species
Hyalomma species
Rhipicephalus species
Psoroptes ovis
Sarcoptes ovis
Chorioptes ovis
Demodex ovis
Demodex caprae
Lepikentron ovis
Bovicola caprae
Linognathus ovillus
Linognathus stenopsis
Aedes species
Anopheles species
Chrysomya species
Culex species
Lucilia species
Oestrus ovis
Fly strike, a type of myiasis
