List of governors of the Duchy of Milan

Spanish rule

1. Antonio de Leyva, Prince of Ascoli 1535–1536, died in office
2. Cardinal Marino Caracciolo 1536–1538, civil, died in office
3. Alfonso d'Avalos d'Aquino, Marquis of Vasto 1538–1546, military
4. Ferdinando Gonzaga, Prince of Molfetta, Duke of Ariano 1546–1555
5. Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba 1555–1556
6. Cristoforo Madruzzo 1556–1557
7. Gonzalo II Fernández de Córdoba (1520-1578) 1558–1560, first term
8. Francesco Ferdinando II d'Ávalos 5th Marquis of Pescara 1560–1563
9. Gonzalo II Fernández de Córdoba (1520-1578) 1563–1564, second term
10. Gabriel de la Cueva, 5th Duke of Alburquerque 1564–1571, died in office
11. Álvaro de Sande 1571–1572
12. Luis de Zúñiga y Requesens 1572–1573
13. Antonio de Zúñiga y Sotomaior, 3rd Marquis of Ayamonte 1573–1580, died in office
14. Sancho de Guevara y Padilla 1580–1583
15. Carlo d'Aragona Tagliavia 1583–1592
16. Juan Fernández de Velasco, 5th Duke of Frías 1592–1595, first term
17. Don Pedro de Padilla 1595–1595
18. Juan Fernández de Velasco, 5th Duke of Frías 1595–1600, second term
19. Pedro Enríquez de Acevedo, Count of Fuentes 1600–1610, died in office
20. Juan Fernández de Velasco, 5th Duke of Frías 1610–1612, third term
21. Juan de Mendoza, Marquis de la Hinojosa 1612–1616
22. Pedro Álvarez de Toledo, 5th Marquis of Villafranca 1616–1618
23. Gómez Suárez de Figueroa, 3rd Duke of Feria 1618–1625, first term
24. Gonzalo Fernandez de Córdoba 1625–1629
25. Ambrogio Spinola, 1st Marquis of the Balbases 1629–1630, died in office
26. Álvaro de Bazán, 2nd Marquis of Santa Cruz 1630–1631
27. Gómez Suárez de Figueroa, 3rd Duke of Feria 1631–1633, second term
28. Ferdinand, the Cardinal–Infant 1633–1634
29. Cardinal Gil de Albornoz 1634–1635
30. Diego Felipez de Guzmán, Marquis of Leganés 1635–1636, first term
31. Fernando Afán de Ribera, duke of Alcalá de los Gazules 1636, died in office
32. Diego Felipez de Guzmán, Marquis of Leganés 1636–1641, second term
33. Juan de Velasco, Count of Siruela 1641–1643
34. Antonio Sancho Davila, Marquis of Velada 1643–1646
35. Bernardino Fernández de Velasco, 6th Duke of Frías 1646–1648
36. Luis de Benavides Carrillo, Marquis of Caracena 1648–1656
37. Cardinal Teodoro Trivulzio 1656–1656
38. Alfonso Pérez de Vivero, Count of Fuensaldaña 1656–1660
39. Francesco Caetani, 8th Duke of Sermoneta 1660–1662
40. Luis de Guzmán Ponce de Leon 1662–1668, died in office
41. Paolo Spinola, 3rd Marquis of the Balbases 1668–1668, first term
42. Francisco de Orozco, Marquis of Olias 1668–1668
43. Paolo Spinola, 3rd Marquis of the Balbases 1669–1670, second term
44. Gaspar Téllez-Girón, 5th Duke de Osuna 1670–1674
45. Claude Lamoral, Prince of Ligne 1674–1678
46. Juan Henríquez de Cabrera, Count of Melgar 1678–1686
47. Antonio López de Ayala Velasco y Cardeñas, Count of Fuensalida 1686–1691
48. Diego Dávila Mesía y Guzmán, 3rd Marquis of Leganés 1691–1698
49. Prince Charles Henry de Lorraine-Vaudemont 1698–1706

Milan fell to the Austrian army on September 26, 1706 during the War of the Spanish Succession. The Austrian rule was confirmed by the Treaty of Rastatt.

Austrian rule

The Austrians abandoned Milan after the Battle of Marengo and the duchy was incorporated again in the Cisalpine Republic, which became the Italian Republic in 1802 and the Kingdom of Italy in 1805. In 1814 the Austrians retook Milan and, joined to the former Republic of Venice, it was formed into a new kingdom, the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia, ruled by Austrian-appointed viceroys.