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List of distinct cell types in the adult human body

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List of distinct cell types in the adult human body

There are many different types of cell in the human body.

Contents

Exocrine secretory epithelial cells

  • Salivary gland mucous cell (polysaccharide-rich secretion)
  • Salivary gland number 1 (glycoprotein enzyme-rich secretion)
  • Von Ebner's gland cell in tongue (washes taste buds)
  • Mammary gland cell (milk secretion)
  • Lacrimal gland cell (tear secretion)
  • Ceruminous gland cell in ear (earwax secretion)
  • Eccrine sweat glandering dark cell (glycoprotein secretion)
  • Eccrine sweat gland clear cell (small molecule secretion)
  • Apocrine sweat gland cell (odoriferous secretion, sex-hormone sensitive)
  • Gland of Moll cell in eyelid (specialized sweat gland)
  • Sebaceous gland cell (lipid-rich sebum secretion)
  • Bowman's gland cell in nose (washes olfactory epithelium)
  • Brunner's gland cell in duodenum (enzymes and alkaline mucus)
  • Seminal vesicle cell (secretes seminal fluid components, including fructose for swimming sperm)
  • Prostate gland cell (secretes seminal fluid components)
  • Bulbourethral gland cell (mucus secretion)
  • Bartholin's gland cell (vaginal lubricant secretion)
  • Gland of Littre cell (mucus secretion)
  • Uterus endometrium cell (carbohydrate secretion)
  • Insolated goblet cell of respiratory and digestive tracts (mucus secretion)
  • Stomach lining mucous cell (mucus secretion)
  • Gastric gland zymogenic cell (pepsinogen secretion)
  • Gastric gland oxyntic cell (hydrochloric acid secretion)
  • Pancreatic acinar cell (bicarbonate and digestive enzyme secretion
  • Paneth cell of small intestine (lysozyme secretion)
  • Type II pneumocyte of lung (surfactant secretion)
  • Clara cell of lung
  • Hormone-secreting cells

  • Anterior pituitary cells
  • Somatotropes
  • Lactotropes
  • Thyrotropes
  • Gonadotropes
  • Corticotropes
  • Intermediate pituitary cell, secreting melanocyte-stimulating hormone
  • Magnocellular neurosecretory cells
  • nonsecreting oxytocin
  • secreting vasopressin
  • Gut and respiratory tract cells
  • secreting serotonin
  • secreting endorphin
  • secreting somatostatin
  • secreting gastrin
  • secreting secretin
  • nonsecreting cholecystokinin
  • secreting insulin
  • secreting glucagon
  • nonsecreting bombesin
  • Thyroid gland cells
  • Thyroid epithelial cell
  • Parafollicular cell
  • Parathyroid gland cells
  • Parathyroid chief cell
  • Oxyphil cell
  • Adrenal gland cells
  • Chromaffin cells
  • secreting steroid hormones (mineralocorticoids and gluco corticoids)
  • Leydig cell of testes secreting testosterone
  • Theca interna cell of ovarian follicle secreting estrogen
  • Corpus luteum cell of ruptured ovarian follicle secreting progesterone
  • Granulosa lutein cells
  • Theca lutein cells
  • Juxtaglomerular cell (renin secretion)
  • Macula densa cell of kidney
  • Peripolar cell of kidney
  • Mesangial cell of kidney
  • Pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans)
  • Alpha cells (secreting glucagon)
  • Beta cells (secreting insulin and amylin)
  • Delta cells (secreting somatostatin)
  • PP cells (gamma cells) (secreting pancreatic polypeptide)
  • Epsilon cells (secreting ghrelin)
  • Keratinizing epithelial cells

  • Epidermal keratinocyte (differentiating epidermal cell)
  • Epidermal basal cell (stem cell)
  • Keratinocyte of fingernails and toenails
  • Nail bed basal cell (stem cell)
  • Medullary hair shaft cell
  • Cortical hair shaft cell
  • Cuticular hair shaft cell
  • Cuticular hair root sheath cell
  • Hair root sheath cell of Huxley's layer
  • Hair root sheath cell of Henle's layer
  • External hair root sheath cell
  • Hair matrix cell (stem cell)
  • Wet stratified barrier epithelial cells

  • Surface epithelial cell of stratified squamous epithelium of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina
  • basal cell (stem cell) of epithelia of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina
  • Urinary epithelium cell (lining urinary bladder and urinary ducts)
  • Nervous system

    There are nerve cells, also known as neurons, present in our human body. They are branched out. These cells make up nervous tissue. A neuron consists of a cell body with a nucleus and cytoplasm, from which long thin hair-like parts arise.

    Sensory transducer cells

  • Auditory inner hair cell of organ of Corti
  • Auditory outer hair cell of organ of Corti
  • Basal cell of olfactory epithelium (stem cell for olfactory neurons)
  • Cold-sensitive primary sensory neurons
  • Heat-sensitive primary sensory neurons
  • Merkel cell of epidermis (touch sensor)
  • Olfactory receptor neuron
  • Pain-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types)
  • Photoreceptor cells of retina in eye:
  • Photoreceptor rod cells
  • Photoreceptor blue-sensitive cone cell of eye
  • Photoreceptor green-sensitive cone cell of eye
  • Photoreceptor red-sensitive cone cell of eye
  • Proprioceptive primary sensory neurons (various types)
  • Touch-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types)
  • Type I carotid body cell (blood pH sensor)
  • Type II carotid body cell (blood pH sensor)
  • Type I hair cell of vestibular system of ear (acceleration and gravity)
  • Type II hair cell of vestibular system of ear (acceleration and gravity)
  • Type I taste bud cell
  • Autonomic neuron cells

  • Cholinergic neural cell (various types)
  • Adrenergic neural cell (various types)
  • Peptidergic neural cell (various types)
  • Sense organ and peripheral neuron supporting cells

  • Inner pillar cell of organ of Corti
  • Outer pillar cell of organ of Corti
  • Inner phalangeal cell of organ of Corti
  • Outer phalangeal cell of organ of Corti
  • Border cell of organ of Corti
  • Hensen cell of organ of Corti
  • Vestibular apparatus supporting cell
  • Taste bud supporting cell
  • Olfactory epithelium supporting cell
  • Schwann cell
  • Satellite glial cell (encapsulating peripheral nerve cell bodies)
  • Enteric glial cell
  • Central nervous system neurons and glial cells

  • Neuron cells (large variety of types, still poorly classified)
  • Interneurons
  • Basket cells
  • Stellate cells
  • Golgi cells
  • Granule cells
  • Lugaro cells
  • Unipolar brush cells
  • Martinotti cells
  • Chandelier cells
  • Medium spiny neurons
  • Cajal–Retzius cells
  • Double-bouquet cells
  • Neurogliaform cells
  • Spinal interneuron
  • Renshaw cells
  • Principal cells
  • Spindle neuron
  • Pyramidal cells
  • Place cells
  • Grid cells
  • Speed cells
  • Head direction cells
  • Betz cells
  • Stellate cells
  • Boundary cells
  • Astrocyte (various types)
  • Oligodendrocyte
  • Ependymal cells
  • Tanycytes
  • Lens cells

  • Anterior lens epithelial cell
  • Crystallin-containing lens fiber cell
  • Metabolism and storage cells

  • Adipocytes:
  • White fat cell
  • Brown fat cell
  • Liver lipocyte
  • Kidney

  • Kidney parietal cell
  • Kidney glomerulus podocyte
  • Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell
  • Loop of Henle thin segment cell
  • Kidney distal tubule cell
  • Kidney collecting duct cell
  • Principal cells
  • Intercalated cells
  • Other

  • Type I pneumocyte (lining air space of lung cell)
  • Pancreatic duct cell (centroacinar cell)
  • Nonstriated duct cell (of sweat gland, salivary gland, mammary gland, etc.)
  • Principal cell
  • Intercalated cell
  • Duct cell (of seminal vesicle, prostate gland, etc.)
  • Intestinal brush border cell (with microvilli)
  • Exocrine gland striated duct cell
  • Gall bladder epithelial cell
  • Ductulus efferens nonciliated cell
  • Epididymal principal cell
  • Epididymal basal cell
  • Endothelial cells
  • Extracellular matrix cells

  • Ameloblast epithelial cell (tooth enamel secretion)
  • Planum semilunatum epithelial cell of vestibular system of ear (proteoglycan secretion)
  • Organ of Corti interdental epithelial cell (secreting tectorial membrane covering hair cells)
  • Loose connective tissue fibroblasts
  • Corneal fibroblasts (corneal keratocytes)
  • Tendon fibroblasts
  • Bone marrow reticular tissue fibroblasts
  • Other nonepithelial fibroblasts
  • Pericyte
  • Nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc
  • Cementoblast/cementocyte (tooth root bonelike ewan cell secretion)
  • Odontoblast/odontocyte (tooth dentin secretion)
  • Hyaline cartilage chondrocyte
  • Fibrocartilage chondrocyte
  • Elastic cartilage chondrocyte
  • Osteoblast/osteocyte
  • Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell of osteoblasts)
  • Hyalocyte of vitreous body of eye
  • Stellate cell of perilymphatic space of ear
  • Hepatic stellate cell (Ito cell)
  • Pancreatic stelle cell
  • Contractile cells

  • Skeletal muscle cell
  • Red skeletal muscle cell (slow)
  • White skeletal muscle cell (fast)
  • Intermediate skeletal muscle cell
  • Nuclear bag cell of muscle spindle
  • Nuclear chain cell of muscle spindle
  • Satellite cell (stem cell)
  • Heart muscle cells
  • Ordinary heart muscle cell
  • Nodal heart muscle cell
  • Purkinje fiber cell
  • Smooth muscle cell (various types)
  • Myoepithelial cell of iris
  • Myoepithelial cell of exocrine glands
  • Blood and immune system cells

  • Erythrocyte (red blood cell)
  • Megakaryocyte (platelet precursor)
  • Monocyte (white blood cell )
  • Connective tissue macrophage (various types)
  • Epidermal Langerhans cell
  • Osteoclast (in bone)
  • Dendritic cell (in lymphoid tissues)
  • Microglial cell (in central nervous system)
  • Neutrophil granulocyte
  • Eosinophil granulocyte
  • Basophil granulocyte
  • Hybridoma cell
  • Mast cell
  • Helper T cell
  • Suppressor T cell
  • Cytotoxic T cell
  • Natural killer T cell
  • B cell
  • Natural killer cell
  • Reticulocyte
  • Stem cells and committed progenitors for the blood and immune system (various types)
  • Germ cells

  • Oogonium/Oocyte
  • Spermatid
  • Spermatocyte
  • Spermatogonium cell (stem cell for spermatocyte)
  • Spermatozoon
  • Nurse cell

  • Ovarian follicle cell
  • Sertoli cell (in testis)
  • Thymus epithelial cell
  • Interstitial cells

  • Interstitial kidney cells
  • References

    List of distinct cell types in the adult human body Wikipedia