List of astronomers

A

Aryabhata (India, 476 — 550)

Marc Aaronson (USA, 1950 — 1987)

Paul G. Abel (UK, 1979 — )

George Ogden Abell (USA, 1927 — 1983)

Hiroshi Abe (Japan, 1958 — )

Antonio Abetti (Italy, 1846 — 1928)

Giorgio Abetti (Italy, 1882 — 1982)

Charles Greeley Abbot (USA, 1872 — 1973)

Charles Hitchcock Adams (USA, 1868 — 1951)

John Couch Adams (UK, 1819 — 1892)

Walter Sydney Adams (USA, 1876 — 1956)

Saul Adelman (USA, 1944 — )

Petrus Alphonsi (Spain, 1062 — 1110)

Agrippa (Greece, unknown ca. 92)

Paul Oswald Ahnert (Germany, 1897 — 1989)

Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs (Germany, 1912 — 1954)

George Biddell Airy (UK, 1801 — 1892)

Robert Aitken, (USA, 1864 — 1951)

Makio Akiyama (Japan, 1950 — )

Al Battani (Iraq, 850 — 929)

Albategnius (see Al-Batani)

Vladimir Aleksandrovich Albitzky (Russia, 1891 — 1952)

Albumasar (Persia 787 — 886)

George Alcock (UK, 1913 — 2000)

Harold Alden (USA, 1890 — 1964)

Hannes Alfvén (Sweden, 1908 — 1995)

Lawrence H. Aller (USA, 1913 — 2003)

Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi (Persia, 903 — 986)

Viktor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian, (Armenia, 1912 — 1996)

John August Anderson (USA, 1876 — 1959)

Wilhelm Anderson (Estonia, 1880 — 1940)

Marie Henri Andoyer (France, 1862 — 1929)

Andronicus of Cyrrhus (Greece, unknown ca. 100 BC)

Anders Jonas Ångström (Sweden, 1814 — 1874)

Eugène Michel Antoniadi (Greece, France, 1870 — 1944)

Masakatsu Aoki (Japan, 1957 — )

Petrus Apianus (Germany, 1495 — 1557)

François Arago (France, 1786 — 1853)

Masaru Arai (Japan, 1952 — )

Hiroshi Araki (Japan)

Sylvain Arend (Belgium, 1902 — 1992)

Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander (Germany, 1799 — 1875)

Aristarchus of Samos (Greece, circa 310 BC — circa 230 BC)

Christoph Arnold (Germany, 1650 — 1695)

Halton Christian Arp (USA, 1927 — 2013 )

Svante Arrhenius (Sweden, 1859 — 1927)

Arzachel (Spain, 1028 — 1087)

Asada Goryu (Japan, 1734 — 1799)

Atsuo Asami (Japan)

Giuseppe Asclepi (Italy, 1706 — 1776)

Joseph Ashbrook (USA, 1918 — 1980)

Arthur Auwers (Germany, 1838 — 1915)

Adrien Auzout (France, 1622 — 1691)

David Axon (England, 1951 — 2012)

B

Brahmagupta (India, 598 — 668 CE)

Bhaskara I (India, 629 CE)

Bhaskara II (India, 1114 — 1185)

Walter Baade (Germany, 1893 — 1960)

Harold D. Babcock (USA, 1882 — 1968)

Horace W. Babcock (USA, 1912 — 2003)

Oskar Backlund (Sweden, 1846 — 1916)

John N. Bahcall (USA, 1934 — 2005)

Yoshiaki Banno (Japan, 1952 — 1991)

Benjamin Baillaud (France, 1848 — 1934)

Jules Baillaud (France, 1876 — 1960)

Jean-Baptiste Baille (France, 1841 — 1918)

Jean Sylvain Bailly (France, 1736 — 1793)

Francis Baily (UK, 1774 — 1844)

John Bainbridge (UK, 1582 — 1643)

John E. Baldwin (UK, 1934 — )

Sallie Baliunas (USA, 1953 — )

Zoltán Balog (Hungary/USA, 1972 — )

Benjamin Banneker (USA, 1731 — 1806)

Pietro Baracchi (Italy, Australia, 1851 — 1926)

Beatriz Barbuy (Brazil, 1950 — )

Edward Emerson Barnard (USA, 1857 — 1923)

Julius Bauschinger (France, 1860 — 1934)

Johann Bayer (Germany, 1572 — 1625)

Antonín Bečvář (Slovakia, 1901 — 1965)

Wilhelm Beer (Germany, 1797 — 1850)

Sergei Ivanovich Belyavsky (Russia, 1883 — 1953)

Charles L. Bennett (USA, 1956 — )

Jocelyn Bell Burnell (UK, 1943 — )

Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (Germany, 1784 — 1846)

Somnath Bharadwaj (India)

Wilhelm Freiherr von Biela (Austria, 1782 — 1856)

Ludwig Biermann (Germany, 1907 — 1986)

Wolf Bickel (Germany)

Guillaume Bigourdan (France, 1851 — 1932)

James Binney (UK, 1950 — )

Biruni (Persia, 973 — 1048)

Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan (Russia, 1941 — )

Adriaan Blaauw (Netherlands, 1914 — 2010)

Nathaniel Bliss (UK, 1700 — 1764)

Johann Elert Bode (Germany, 1747 — 1826)

Alfred Bohrmann (Germany, 1904 — 2000)

Bart Bok (Netherlands, 1906 — 1983)

Charles Thomas Bolton (USA, 1943 — )

John Gatenby Bolton (UK/Australia, 1922 — 1993)

William Cranch Bond (USA, 1789 — 1859)

Alphonse Borrelly (France, 1842 — 1926)

Rudjer Boscovich (Dalmatia, 1711 — 1787)

Lewis Boss (USA, 1846 — 1912)

Alexis Bouvard (France, 1767 — 1843)

Rychard Bouwens (USA, 1972 — )

Edward L. G. Bowell (USA, 1943 — )

Ira Sprague Bowen (USA, 1898 — 1973)

Louis Boyer (France, 1901 — 1999)

Brian J. Boyle (Scotland and Australia, 1960 — )

Ronald N. Bracewell (Australia, USA, 1921 — 2007)

James Bradley (UK, 1693 — 1762)

William A. Bradfield (New Zealand, Australia, 1927 — 2014)

Tycho Brahe (Denmark, 1546 — 1601)

John Alfred Brashear (USA, 1840 — 1920)

William Robert Brooks (USA, 1844 — 1922)

Theodor Brorsen (Denmark, 1819 — 1895)

Dirk Brouwer (Netherlands–USA, 1902 — 1966)

Ernest William Brown (UK, 1866 — 1938)

Michael (Mike) E. Brown (USA, 1965 — )

Hermann Alexander Brück (Germany, 1905 — 2000)

Ismael Bullialdus (France, 1605 — 1694)

Margaret Burbidge (UK, 1919 — )

Robert Burnham, Jr. (USA, 1931 — 1993)

Sherburne Wesley Burnham (USA, 1838 — 1921)

Schelte J. Bus (USA, 1956 — )

Bimla Buti (India, 1933 — )

C

William Wallace Campbell (USA, 1862 — 1938)

Annie Jump Cannon (USA, 1863 — 1941)

Luigi Carnera (Italy, 1875 — 1962)

Edwin Francis Carpenter (USA, 1898 — 1963)

James Carpenter (UK, 1840 — 1899)

Richard Christopher Carrington (UK, 1826 — 1875)

Sir John Carroll (UK, 1899 — 1974)

César-François Cassini de Thury (France, 1714 — 1784)

Dominique, comte de Cassini (France, 1748 — 1845)

Giovanni Domenico Cassini (France, 1625 — 1712)

Jacques Cassini (France, 1677 — 1756)

Bonaventura Cavalieri (Italy, 1598 — 1647)

Anders Celsius (Sweden, 1701 — 1744)

Vincenzo Cerulli (Italy, 1859 — 1927)

Jean Chacornac (France, 1823 — 1873)

James Challis (UK, 1803 — 1882)

Radha Gobinda Chandra (Bangladesh, India, 1878 — 1975)

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (India, USA, 1910 — 1995)

Carl Charlier (Sweden, 1862 — 1934)

Auguste Charlois (France, 1864 — 1910)

Lyudmila Ivanovna Chernykh (Russia/Ukraine)

Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh (Russia/Ukraine, 1931 — )

James Christy (USA, 1938 — )

Edwin Foster Coddington (USA, 1870 — 1950)

Jérôme Eugène Coggia (France, 1849 — 1919)

Josep Comas i Solà (Spain, 1868 — 1937)

Andrew Ainslie Common (UK, 1841 — 1903)

Guy Consolmagno (USA, 1952 — )

Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 — 1543)

Corsono Carsono (Spain)

Janine Connes (France, 1934 — )

Pablo Cottenot (France)

Heather Couper (UK, 1949 — )

Leopold Courvoisier (Switzerland, 1873 — 1955)

Arthur Edwin Covington (Canada, 1914 — 2001)

Philip Herbert Cowell (UK, 1870 — 1949)

Thomas George Cowling (UK, 1906 — 1990)

Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin (UK, 1865 — 1939)

Luíz Cruls (Brazil, 1848 — 1908)

James Cuffey (USA, 1911 — 1999)

Heber Doust Curtis (USA, 1872 — 1942)

D

Alexander Dalgarno (USA, 1928 — )

Jacques Eugène d'Allonville (France, 1671 — 1732)

Andre Louis Danjon (France, 1890 — 1967)

Heinrich d'Arrest (Germany, 1822 — 1875)

George Howard Darwin (UK, 1845 — 1912)

Roger Davies (UK, 1954 — )

Leonardo da Vinci (Italy, 1452 — 1519)

William Rutter Dawes (UK, 1799 — 1868)

Bernhard Dawson (Argentina, 1890 — 1960)

Leo de Ball (Germany, Austria, 1853 — 1916)

Henri Debehogne (Belgium, 1928 — 2007)

Annibale de Gasparis (Italy, 1819 — 1892)

Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre (France, 1749 — 1822)

Charles-Eugène Delaunay (France, 1816 — 1872)

Eugène Joseph Delporte (Belgium, 1882 — 1955)

Audrey C. Delsanti (France, 1976 — )

William Frederick Denning (UK, 1848 — 1931)

Alíz Derekas (Hungary, 1977 — )

Willem de Sitter (Netherlands, 1872 — 1934)

Henri-Alexandre Deslandres (France, 1853 — 1948)

Alexander Nikolaevich Deutsch (Russia, 1900 — 1986)

Gérard de Vaucouleurs (France/USA, 1918 — 1995)

Robert Dicke (USA, 1916 — 1997)

Terence Dickinson (Canada, 1943 — )

Thomas Digges (UK, 1546 — 1595)

Herbert Dingle (USA, 1890 — 1978)

Andrea Di Paola (Italy, 1970 — )

Ewine van Dishoeck (Netherlands, 1955 — )

Giovanni Battista Donati (Italy, 1826 — 1873)

Frank Drake (USA, 1930 — )

Henry Draper (USA, 1837 — 1882)

John Dreyer (Ireland, 1852 — 1926)

Alexander D. Dubyago (Russia), 1903 — 1959)

Dmitrij I. Dubyago (Russia), 1850 — 1918)

Jean C. B. Dufay (France, 1896 — 1967)

Raymond Smith Dugan (USA, 1878 — 1940)

James Dunlop (Scotland, 1793 — 1848)

Petar Đurković (Serbia, 1908 — 1981)

Frank Watson Dyson (UK, 1868 — 1939)

E

Arthur Eddington (UK, 1882 — 1944)

Frank K. Edmondson (USA, 1912 — 2008)

Olin J. Eggen (USA, 1919 — 1998)

Albert Einstein (Germany, 1879 — 1955)

Eise Eisinga (Netherlands, 1744 — 1828)

Eric Walter Elst (Belgium, 1936 — )

Johann Franz Encke (Germany, 1791 — 1865)

Kin Endate (Japan, 1960 — )

Eratosthenes (Alexandria, 276 BC — 194 BC)

Emil Ernst (Germany)

Ernest Esclangon (France, 1876 — 1954)

Fred Espenak (USA, 1953 — )

Larry W. Esposito (USA, 1951 — )

Eudoxus (Cnidus, circa 408 BC — circa 355 BC)

Robert Evans (Australia, 1937 — )

F

David Fabricius (Netherlands, 1564 — 1617)

Sandra M. Faber (USA, 1945 — )

Johannes Fabricius (Netherlands, 1587 — 1615)

Fearon Fallows (UK, 1789 — 1831)

Hervé Faye (France, 1814 — 1902)

Charles Fehrenbach (France, 1914 — 2008)

Farghani (Persia, 800 — 870)

James Ferguson (USA, 1797 — 1867)

Alex Filippenko (USA, 1958 — )

Erwin Finlay-Freundlich (Germany, 1885 — 1964)

Axel Firsoff (UK, 1910 — 1981)

Debra Fischer (United States)

J. Richard Fisher (United States, 1943 — )

Camille Flammarion (France, 1842 — 1925)

Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion (France, 1867 — 1962)

John Flamsteed (UK, 1646 — 1719)

Honoré Flaugergues (France, 1755 — 1835)

Williamina Fleming (USA, 1857 — 1911)

Wilhelm Julius Foerster (Germany, 1832 — 1921)

Alfred Fowler (UK, 1868 — 1940)

William Alfred Fowler (USA, 1911 — 1995)

Philip Fox (USA, 1878 — 1944)

Andrew Fraknoi (USA, 1948 — )

Joseph von Fraunhofer (Germany, 1787 — 1826)

Herbert Friedman (USA, 1916 — 2000 )

Dirk D. Frimout (Belgium, 1941 — )

Edwin Brant Frost (USA, 1866 — 1935)

Shigehisa Fujikawa (Japan)

Naoshi Fukushima (Japan, 1925 — 2003)

Kiichirō Furukawa (Japan)

Toshimasa Furuta (Japan)

G

Bryan Gaensler (Australia, 1973 — )

Gan De (China, fl. 4th century BC)

Galileo Galilei (Italy, 1564 — 1642)

Julio Garavito Armero (Colombia, 1865 — 1920)

Gordon J. Garradd (Australia, 1959 — )

Ben Gascoigne (New Zealand, Australia, 1915 — 2010)

Margaret Geller (United States, 1947)

Gautama Siddha (China, fl. 8th century AD)

Johann Gottfried Galle (Germany, 1812 — 1910)

George Gamow (Russia, USA, 1904 — 1968)

Carl Friedrich Gauss (Germany, 1777 — 1855)

Tom Gehrels (Netherlands, USA, 1925 — )

Andrea M. Ghez (USA, 1965 — )

Riccardo Giacconi (Italy, 1931 — )

Michel Giacobini (France, 1873 — 1938)

Henry L. Giclas (USA, 1910 — 2007)

David Gill (UK, 1843 — 1914)

Ian Glass (Ireland/South Africa, 1939 — )

Thomas Gold (USA, 1920 — 2004)

Leo Goldberg (USA, 1913 — 1987)

Peter Goldreich (USA, 1939 — )

Hermann Goldschmidt (Germany, 1802 — 1866)

François Gonnessiat (France, 1856 — 1934)

John Goodricke (UK, 1764 — 1786)

Alyssa A. Goodman (USA, 1962 — )

Abu Sa'id Gorgani (Persia, 9th century)

Paul Götz (Germany, 1883 — 1962)

Benjamin Apthorp Gould (USA, 1824 — 1896)

Andrew Graham (Ireland, 1815 — 1907)

Kathryn Aurora Gray (Canada, 2000 — )

Charles Green (England, 1735 — 1771)

Jesse Greenstein (USA, 1909 — 2002)

John Grunsfeld (USA, 1956 — )

Jay U. Gunter (United States, 1911 — 1994)

Alexander A. Gurshtein (Russia, 1937 — )

Bengt Gustafsson, (Sweden, 1943 — )

Guo Shoujing (China, 1231 — 1316)

Alan Harvey Guth (USA, 1947 — )

H

Yusuke Hagihara (Japan, 1897 — 1979)

Alan Hale (USA, 1958 — )

George Ellery Hale (USA, 1868 — 1938)

Asaph Hall (USA, 1829 — 1907)

Edmond Halley (England, 1656 — 1742)

Heidi Hammel (USA, 1960 — )

Mario Hamuy (Chile)

Peter Andreas Hansen (Denmark, 1795 — 1874)

Abulfazl Harawi (Persia, 10th century)

Karl Ludwig Harding (Germany, 1765 — 1834)

Thomas Hariot (UK, 1560 — 1621)

Guillermo Haro (Mexico, 1913 — 1988)

Robert George Harrington (USA, 1904–1987)

Robert Sutton Harrington (USA, 1942 — 1993)

Edward Robert Harrison (UK/USA, 1917 — 2007)

William Kenneth Hartmann (USA, 1939 — )

Lisa Harvey-Smith (Australia, 1979 — )

Takeo Hatanaka (Japan, 1914 — 1963)

Stephen Hawking (UK, 1942 — )

Will Hay (UK, 1888 — 1949)

Chushiro Hayashi (Japan, 1920 — 2010)

Otto Hermann Leopold Heckmann (Germany, 1901 — 1983)

Carl Heiles (USA, 1939 — )

Joseph Helffrich (Germany, 1872 — 1971)

Eleanor Helin (USA, 1932 — 2009)

Maximilian Hell (Austria-Hungary, 1720 — 1792)

Karl Ludwig Hencke (Germany, 1793 — 1866)

Thomas Henderson (Scotland, 1798 — 1844)

Paul Henry (France, 1848 — 1905)

Prosper Henry (France, 1849 — 1903)

Abraham bar Hiyya (Spanish Jewish), (1070 — 1136)

George Howard Herbig (USA, 1920 — 2013)

Carl W. Hergenrother (USA, 1973 — )

Caroline Herschel (UK, 1750 — 1848)

John Herschel (UK, 1792 — 1871)

William Herschel (UK/Germany, 1738 — 1822)

Ejnar Hertzsprung (Denmark, 1873 — 1967)

Johannes Hevelius (Poland,1611 — 1687)

Antony Hewish (UK, 1924 — )

George William Hill (USA, 1838 — 1914)

John Russell Hind (UK, 1823 — 1895)

Hipparchus (Nicaea, circa 190 BC — 120 BC)

Masanori Hirasawa (Japan)

Kiyotsugu Hirayama (Japan, 1874 — 1943)

Shin Hirayama (Japan, 1868 — 1945)

Gustave-Adolphe Hirn (France, 1815 — 1890)

Sebastian von Hoerner (Germany), 1919 — 2003)

Cuno Hoffmeister (Germany, 1892 — 1968)

Dorrit Hoffleit (USA, 1907 — 2007 )

Helen Sawyer Hogg (Canada, 1905 — 1993)

Minoru Honda (Japan, 1917 — 1990)

Kamil Hornoch (Czech Republic, 1972 — )

Jeremiah Horrocks (UK, circa 1619 — 1641)

Cornelis Johannes van Houten (Netherlands, 1920 — 2002)

Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld (Netherlands, 1921 — 2015)

Martin van den Hove (Netherlands, 1605 — 1639)

Herbert Alonzo Howe (USA, 1858 – 1926)

Fred Hoyle (UK, 1915 — 2001)

Edwin Powell Hubble (USA, 1889 — 1953)

William Huggins (UK, 1824 — 1910)

Russell Alan Hulse (USA, 1950 — )

Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst (Netherlands, 1918 — 2000)

Milton Lasell Humason (USA, 1891 — 1972)

Thomas John Hussey (England, 1792 — 1854)

Christiaan Huygens (Netherlands, 1629 — 1695)

Yuji Hyakutake (Japan, 1950 — 2002)

Josef Allen Hynek (USA, 1910 — 1986)

Christopher Hansteen (Norway, 1784 — 1873)

I

Icko Iben, Jr. (USA, 1931 — )

Kaoru Ikeya (Japan, 1943 — )

Chris Impey (UK/USA, 1956 — )

Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes (Scotland/South Africa, 1861 — 1933)

Shigeru Inoda (Japan)

Jamal Nazrul Islam (Bangladesh, 1939 — 2013)

Edward Israel (USA, 1859 — 1884)

Iwahashi Zenbei (Japan, 1756 — 1811)

Masayuki Iwamoto (Japan)

Shun-ei Izumikawa (Japan)

J

Cyril V. Jackson (South Africa, 1903 — 1988)

Pierre Jules César Janssen (France, 1824 — 1907)

James Jeans (UK, 1877 — 1946)

Benjamin Jekhowsky (Russia/France/Algeria, 1881 — 1953)

Louise Freeland Jenkins (USA, 1888 — 1970)

David C. Jewitt (UK, 1958 — )

Jiao Bingzhen (China, 1689 — 1726)

Alfred Harrison Joy (USA, 1882 — 1973)

Vinod Johri (India, 1935 — )

K

Ali Kuşçu (Türkiye, 1403 — 1474)

Tetsuo Kagawa (Japan)

Franz Kaiser (Germany, 1891 — 1962)

Kiyotaka Kanai (Japan, 1951 — )

Hiroshi Kaneda (Japan, 1953 — )

Henry Kandrup (USA, 1955 — 2003)

Jacobus Kapteyn (Netherlands, 1851 — 1922)

Lyudmila Karachkina (Ukraine, 1948 — )

Ghiyath al-Kashi (Persia, 1380 — 1429)

Jeffrey Owen Katz (USA, 1960 — )

Karlis Kaufmanis (Latvia/United States, 1910 — 2003

Kōyō Kawanishi (Japan, 1959 — )

Nobuhiro Kawasato (Japan)

James Edward Keeler (USA, 1857 — 1900)

Paul Kempf (Germany, 1856 — 1920)

Johannes Kepler (Germany, 1571 — 1630)

Omar Khayyám (Persia, 1048 — 1131)

Al-Khujandi (Persia, 10th century)

Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī, (Persia, 780 — 850)

Kidinnu (Babylon, 4th century BC ; d. 330 BC?)

Hisashi Kimura (Japan, 1870 — 1943)

Maria Margarethe Kirch (Germany, 1670 — 1720)

Daniel Kirkwood (USA, 1814 — 1895)

Robert Kirshner (USA, 1949 — )

Minoru Kizawa (Japan)

Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues (Germany, 1827 — 1884)

Viktor Knorre (Russia, 1840 — 1919)

Takao Kobayashi (Japan, 1961 — )

Toru Kobayashi (Japan)

Luboš Kohoutek (1935 — )

Masahiro Koishikawa (Japan, 1952 — )

Nobuhisa Kojima (Japan, 1933 — )

Takuo Kojima (Japan)

Yoji Kondo (Japan, 1933 — )

Zdeněk Kopal (Czech Republic, UK, USA, 1914 — 1993)

August Kopff (Germany, 1882 — 1960)

Korado Korlević (Croatia, 1958 — )

Hiroki Kosai (Japan, 1933 — )

Charles T. Kowal (USA, 1940 — )

Robert Kraft (USA, 1927 — )

Ľubor Kresák (Slovakia, 1927 — 1994)

Heinrich Kreutz (Germany, 1854 — 1927)

Kazuo Kubokawa (Japan, 1903 — 1943)

Marc Kuchner (USA, 1972 — )

Gerard Kuiper (Netherlands, USA, 1905 — 1973)

Donald Kurtz (1948 — )

Reiki Kushida (Japan)

Yoshio Kushida (Japan, 1957 — )

György Kulin (Austria-Hungary, 1905 — 1989)

L

Lagadha (India,1st millennium BCE)

Nicolas Louis de Lacaille (France, 1713 — 1762)

Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist (Sweden, 1944 — )

Joseph-Louis Lagrange (France, 1736 — 1813)

Jérôme Lalande (France, 1732 — 1807)

Johann Heinrich Lambert (France, Germany, 1728 — 1777)

David J. Lane (Canada, 1983 —)

Andrew E. Lange (United States, 1957 — 2010)

Samuel Pierpont Langley (USA, 1834 — 1906)

Pierre-Simon Laplace (France, 1749 — 1827)

William Lassell (UK, 1799 — 1880)

Joseph Jean Pierre Laurent (France, fl. 1858)

Henrietta Swan Leavitt (USA, 1868 — 1921)

Typhoon Lee (USA and Taiwan)

Guillaume Le Gentil (France, 1725 — 1792)

Georges Lemaître (Belgium, 1894 — 1966)

Pierre Lemonnier (France, 1715 — 1799)

Frederick C. Leonard (USA, 1896 — 1960)

Armin Leuschner (Germany, 1868 — 1953)

Geraint Lewis (Australia, 1969 — )

Urbain Le Verrier (France, 1811 — 1877)

Li Fan (China, fl. 1st century AD)

Bertil Lindblad (Sweden, 1895 — 1965)

Adolph Friedrich Lindemann (Germany/UK, 1846 — 1927)

Chris Lintott (UK, 1980 — )

Joseph Johann Littrow (Austria, 1781 — 1840)

Karl L. Littrow (Austria, 1811 — 1877)

Liu Xin (China, fl. 1st century AD)

Joseph Lockyer (UK, 1836 — 1920)

Maurice Loewy (Austria/France, 1833 — 1907)

Christian Sørensen Longomontanus (Denmark, 1562 — 1647)

Percival Lowell (USA, 1855 — 1916)

Àngel López (Spain, 1955 — )

Álvaro López-García (Spain)

John William Lubbock (UK, 1803 — 1865)

Knut Lundmark (Sweden, 1889 — 1958)

Robert Luther (Germany, 1822 — 1900)

Lupitus of Barcelona (Spain)

Jane Luu (South Vietnam, USA 1965 — )

Willem Luyten (Dutch East Indies, Netherlands, 1899 — 1994)

Donald Lynden-Bell (UK, 1935 — )

Andrew Lyne - (UK, 1942)

Bernard Lyot (France, 1897 — 1952)

M

Mahendra Suri (India,14th century CE)

Ma Yize (China, 910 — 1005)

Adriaan van Maanen (USA, 1884 — 1946)

George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield (UK, c. 1697 — 1764)

Amy Mainzer (USA, 1974 — )

Steve Mandel (USA)

Geoff Marcy (USA, 1954 — )

Simon Marius (Germany, 1573 — 1624)

Brian G. Marsden (USA, 1937 — 2010)

Albert Marth (Germany, 1828 — 1897)

Nevil Maskelyne (UK, 1732 — 1811)

Charles Mason (UK, USA, 1730 — 1787)

John C. Mather (USA, 1946 — )

Janet Akyüz Mattei (Turkey/USA, 1943 — 2004)

Edward Walter Maunder (UK, 1851 — 1928)

Pierre Louis Maupertuis (France, 1698 — 1759)

Alain Maury (France, 1958 — )

Matthew Fontaine Maury (USA, 1806 — 1873)

Brian May (UK, 1947 — )

Cornell Mayer (United States, 1922 — 2005)

Tobias Mayer (Germany, 1723 — 1762)

Michel Mayor (Switzerland, 1942 — )

Christopher McKee (USA, 1942 — )

Robert S. McMillan (USA)

William H. McCrea (UK, 1904 — 1999)

Bruce A. McIntosh (Canada, 1929 — )

Robert H. McNaught (Australia)

Pierre Méchain (France, 1744 — 1804)

Thebe Medupe (South Africa)

Karen Jean Meech (USA)

Aden Baker Meinel (USA, 1922 — )

Fulvio Melia (USA, 1956 — )

Philibert Jacques Melotte (UK, 1880 — 1961)

Paul Willard Merrill (USA, 1887 — 1961)

David Merritt (USA)

Charles Messier (France, 1730 — 1817)

Joel Hastings Metcalf (USA, 1866 — 1925)

Andreas Gerasimos Michalitsianos (USA, 1947 — 1997)

John Michell (UK, 1724 — 1793)

Elia Millosevich (Italy, 1848 — 1919)

Edward Arthur Milne (UK, 1896 — 1950)

Rudolph Minkowski (Germany, 1895 — 1976)

Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert (Belgium, Netherlands, 1893 — 1970)

Maria Mitchell (USA, 1818 — 1889)

Seidai Miyasaka (Japan, 1955 — )

Yoshikane Mizuno (Japan)

August Ferdinand Möbius (Germany, 1790 — 1868)

Anthony Moffat (Canada)

Johan Maurits Mohr (Netherlands, 1716 — 1775)

Samuel Molyneux (UK, 1689 — 1728)

Geminiano Montanari (Italy, 1633 — 1687)

Patrick Moore (UK, 1923 — 2012)

William Wilson Morgan (USA, 1906 — 1994)

Hiroshi Mori (Japan, 1958 — )

Amédée Mouchez (France, 1821 — 1892)

Antonín Mrkos (Czech Republic, 1918 — 1996)

Jean Mueller (USA, 1950 — )

Masaru Mukai (Japan, 1949 — )

Johannes Müller (Germany, 1436 — 1476)

Harutaro Murakami (Japan, 1872 — 1947)

Osamu Muramatsu (Japan, 1949 — )

bin Musa, Ahmad (Persia, 805 — 873)

bin Musa, Hasan (Persia, 810 — 873)

bin Musa, Muhammad (Persia, (800 — 873)

Nils Mustelin (Finland, 1931 — 2004)

N

Nilakantha Somayaji (India, 1444 – 1544)

Valentin Naboth (Germany, Italy, 1523 — 1593)

Naburimannu (Babylonia, sometime between 6th century BC and 2nd century BC)

Takeshi Nagata (Japan, 1913 — 1991)

Ahmad Nahavandi (Persia, 7th-8th century)

Akimasa Nakamura (Japan, 1961 — )

Syuichi Nakano (Japan, 1947 — )

Jayant Narlikar (India, 1938 — )

Naubakht (Persia, d. 776)

David Naylor (Canada)

Al-fadl ibn Naubakht (Persia, 8th century)

Otto Neugebauer (Germany, USA, 1899 — 1990)

Grigoriy Nikolaevich Neujmin (Russia, 1886 — 1946)

Simon Newcomb (USA, 1835 — 1909)

Isaac Newton (UK, 1643 — 1727)

Seth Barnes Nicholson (USA, 1891 — 1963)

Albertus Antonie Nijland (Netherlands, 1868 — 1936)

Tsuneo Niijima (Japan)

Peter Nilson (Sweden, 1937 — 1998)

Hōei Nojiri (Japan, 1885 — 1977)

Jaime Nomen (Spain)

Toshiro Nomura (Japan, 1954 — )

O

Knut Jørgen Røed Ødegaard (Norway, 1966 — )

Okuro Oikawa (Japan, 1896 — 1970)

Tarmo Oja (Sweden)

Tomimaru Okuni (Japan, 1931 — )

Nicolaus Olahus (Hungarian, 1493 — 1568)

Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers (Germany, 1758 — 1840)

Gerard O'Neill (USA, 1927 — 1992)

Jan Hendrik Oort (Netherlands, 1900 — 1992)

Pieter Oosterhoff (Netherlands, 1904 — 1978)

Ernst Öpik (Estonia, Ireland, 1893 — 1985)

José Luis Ortiz Moreno (Spain)

Yoshiaki Oshima (Japan)

Donald Edward Osterbrock, USA, 1924 — 2007)

Liisi Oterma (Finland, 1915 — 2001)

Satoru Otomo (Japan, 1957 — )

Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans (Netherlands, 1827 — 1906)

P

Rafael Pacheco (Spain)

Bohdan Paczyński (Poland, 1940 — 2007)

Ľudmila Pajdušáková (Slovakia, 1916 — 1979)

Johann Palisa (Austria, 1848 — 1925)

Johann Palitzsch (Germany, 1723 — 1788)

Anton Pannekoek (Netherlands, 1873 — 1960)

Eugene Parker (USA, 1927 — )

George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield (UK, c. 1697 — 1764)

William Parsons, Lord Rosse (Ireland, 1800 — 1867)

André Patry (France, 1902 — 1960)

Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (UK, USA, 1900 — 1979)

Ruby Payne-Scott (Australia, 1912 — 1981)

James Peebles (Canada, USA, 1935 — )

Manuel Peimbert (Mexico, 1941 — )

Leslie Copus Peltier (USA, 1900 — 1980)

Roger Penrose (UK, 1931 — )

Arno Penzias (USA, Germany, 1933 — )

Saul Perlmutter (USA)

Charles Dillon Perrine (USA, Argentina, 1867 — 1951)

Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin (France, 1845 — 1904)

Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters (Germany, USA, 1813 — 1890)

George Henry Peters (USA, 1863 — 1947)

Mark M. Phillips (USA, 1951 — )

Giuseppe Piazzi (Italy, 1746 — 1826)

Edward Charles Pickering (USA, 1846 — 1919)

William Henry Pickering (USA, 1858 — 1938)

Maynard Pittendreigh (USA, 1954 — )

Phil Plait (USA)

Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana (Italy, 1781 — 1864)

Petrus Plancius (Netherlands, 1552 — 1622)

John Stanley Plaskett (Canada, 1865 — 1941)

Norman Robert Pogson (UK, 1829 — 1891)

Christian Pollas (France)

John Pond (England, 1767 — 1836)

Jean-Louis Pons (France, 1761 — 1831)

Carolyn Porco (USA, 1953 — )

Vladimír Porubčan (Slovakia, 1940 — )

Charles Pritchard (UK, 1808 — 1893)

Richard Proctor (England, 1837 — 1888)

Ptolemy of Alexandria (Roman Egypt, circa 85 — 165)

Pierre Puiseux (France, 1855 — 1928)

Georg Purbach (Germany, 1423 — 1461)

Pythagoras of Samos (580 BC — 500 BC)

Paris Pişmiş (1911 — 1999)

Q

Adolphe Quetelet (Belgium, 1796 — 1874)

Ali Qushji (Ottoman, 1403 — 1474)

M. Shahid Qureshi (Pakistan)

R

David Lincoln Rabinowitz (USA, 1960 — )

Grote Reber (USA, 1911 — 2002)

Martin Rees (UK, 1942 — )

Hubert Reeves (CA, 1932 — )

Regiomontanus (Johannes Müller) (Germany, 1436 — 1476)

Julius Reichelt (Germany, 1637 — 1717)

Erasmus Reinhold (Prussia, Germany, 1511 — 1553)

Karl Reinmuth (Germany, 1892 — 1979)

Pieter Johannes van Rhijn (Netherlands, 1886 — 1960)

Giovanni Battista Riccioli (Italy, 1598 — 1671)

Jean Richer (France, 1630 — 1696)

Adam Riess (USA)

Fernand Rigaux (Belgium)

George Willis Ritchey (USA, 1864 — 1945)

David Rittenhouse (USA, 1732 — 1796)

Hans-Walter Rix (Germany, 1964 — )

Arjen Roelofs (Netherlands, 1754 — 1824)

Elizabeth Roemer (USA, 1929 — )

Roger of Hereford (England) c. 1176 — 1198

Ole Christensen Rømer (Denmark, 1644 — 1710)

Otto A. Rosenberger (Germany, 1800 — 1890)

Svein Rosseland (Norway, 1894 — 1985)

Bruno Rossi (Italy, 1905 — 1993)

Vera Rubin (USA, 1928 — )

Henry Chamberlain Russell (Australia, 1836 — 1907)

Henry Norris Russell (USA, 1877 — 1957)

Martin Ryle (UK, 1918 — 1984)

S

Sir Edward Sabine (Ireland, 1788 — 1883)

Carl Sagan (USA, 1934 — 1996)

Megh Nad Saha (India, 1893 – 1956)

Edwin Ernest Salpeter (Austria, Australia, USA, 1924 — 2008)

Allan Rex Sandage (USA, 1926 — 2010)

Hendricus Gerardus van de Sande Bakhuyzen (Netherlands, 1838 — 1923)

Wallace Leslie William Sargent (UK, USA, 1935 — 2012)

Anneila Sargent (UK, USA, 1942 — )

Naoto Sato (Japan, 1953 — )

Alexandre Schaumasse (France, 1882 — 1958)

Giovanni Schiaparelli (Italy, 1835— 1910)

Frank Schlesinger (USA, 1871 — 1943)

Bernhard Schmidt (Estonia, Sweden, Germany, 1879 — 1935)

Brian P. Schmidt (USA)

Maarten Schmidt (Netherlands, 1929 —)

Robert Schommer (USA, 1946 — 2001)

Johann Hieronymus Schröter (Germany, 1745 — 1816)

Lipót Schulhof (Hungary, 1847—1921)

Heinrich Christian Schumacher (Germany, 1780 — 1850)

Hans-Emil Schuster (Germany, 1934 — )

Samuel Heinrich Schwabe (Germany, 1789 — 1875)

Karl Schwarzschild (Germany, 1873 — 1916)

Martin Schwarzschild (Germany, USA, 1912 — 1997)

Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann (Germany, 1870 — 1964)

James Vernon Scotti (USA, 1960 — )

Frederick Hanley Seares (USA, 1873 — 1964)

George Mary Searle (USA, 1839 — 1918)

Angelo Secchi (Italy, 1818 — 1878)

Sadao Sei (Japan)

Waltraut Seitter (Germany, 1930 — 2007)

Tsutomu Seki (Japan, 1930 — )

Carl Keenan Seyfert (USA, 1911 — 1960)

Grigory Abramovich Shajn (Russia, 1892 — 1956)

Pelageya Fedorovna Shajn (Russia, 1894 — 1956)

Harlow Shapley (USA, 1885 — 1972)

Richard Sheepshanks (UK, 1794 — 1855)

Shen Kuo (China, 1031 — 1035)

Shi Shen (China, fl. 4th century BC)

Shibukawa Shunkai (Japan, 1639 — 1715)

Yoshisada Shimizu (Japan)

Shinzo Shinjo (Japan, 1873 — 1938)

Qutb eddin Shirazi (Persia, 1236 — 1311)

Iosif Samuilovich Shklovsky (Russia, 1916 — 1985)

Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (USA, 1929 — )

Eugene Merle Shoemaker (USA, 1928 — 1997)

Willem de Sitter (Netherlands, 1872 — 1934)

Charlotte Moore Sitterly (USA, 1898 — 1990)

Brian A. Skiff (USA)

John Francis Skjellerup (Australia, South Africa, 1875 — 1952)

Vesto Melvin Slipher (USA, 1875 — 1969)

Tamara Mikhaylovna Smirnova (Russia, 1918 — )

George Smoot (USA, 1945 — )

William Henry Smyth (UK, 1788 — 1865)

Willebrord Snel van Royen (Snellius) (Netherlands, 1580 — 1626)

Mary Fairfax Somerville (UK, 1780 — 1872)

Sir James South (UK, 1785 — 1867)

Sir Harold Spencer Jones (UK, 1890 — 1960)

Lyman Spitzer (USA, 1914 — 1997)

Friederich Wilhelm Gustav Spörer (Germany, 1822 — 1895)

Rainer Spurzem (Germany, 1956 — )

Anton Staus (Germany, 1872 — 1955)

Joel Stebbins (USA, 1878 — 1966)

Johan Stein (Netherlands, 1871 — 1951)

Karl August von Steinheil, (Germany, 1801 — 1870)

Édouard Stephan (France, 1837 — 1923)

Charles Bruce Stephenson (USA, 1929 – 2001))

David J. Stevenson (New Zealand, 1948 — )

Edward James Stone (1831 — 1897)

F. J. M. Stratton (UK, 1881 — 1960)

Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren (Denmark, 1908 — 1987)

Friedrich Georg Wilhelm (von) Struve (Germany, Russia, 1793 — 1864)

Karl Hermann Struve (Russia, Germany, 1854 — 1920)

Gustav Wilhelm Ludwig Struve (Russia, 1858 — 1920)

Otto Struve (Russia, USA, 1897 — 1963)

Otto Wilhelm (von) Struve (Russia, 1819 — 1905)

Su Song (China, 1020—1101)

Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi (Persia, 903 — 986)

Matsuo Sugano (Japan)

Atsushi Sugie (Japan)

Nicholas Suntzeff (USA, 1952 — )

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev (Uzbekistan Russia Germany, 1943 — )

Shohei Suzuki (Japan)

Lewis A. Swift (USA, 1820 — 1913)

Frédéric Sy (France)

Samad Rizvi (Pakistan, 1924 — 2009)

T

Akihiko Tago (Japan, 1932 — )

Atsushi Takahashi (Japan)

Kesao Takamizawa (Japan, 1952 — )

Jill Tarter (USA, 1944 — )

Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. (USA, 1941 — )

John Tebbutt (Australia, 1834 — 1916)

Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel (Germany, 1821 — 1889)

Thabit ibn Qurra (Iraq, 826 — 901)

Thorvald Nicolai Thiele (Denmark, 1838 — 1910)

Louis Thollon (France, 1829 — 1887)

Norman G. Thomas (USA)

John Thome (USA, Argentina, 1843 — 1908)

Kip Stephen Thorne (USA, 1940 — )

Friedrich Tietjen (Germany, 1834 — 1895)

Beatrice Muriel Hill Tinsley (New Zealand, USA, 1941 — 1981)

François Félix Tisserand (France, 1845 — 1896)

Johann Daniel Titius (Germany, 1729 — 1796)

Yasuo Tanaka (Japan)

Clyde W. Tombaugh (USA, 1906 — 1997)

Kōichirō Tomita (Japan, 1925 — 2006)

Richard Tousey (USA, 1908 — 1997)

Charles Townes (USA)

Virginia Trimble (USA)

Chad Trujillo (USA, 1973 — )

Robert Julius Trumpler (USA, 1886 — 1956)

R. Brent Tully (USA)

Herbert Hall Turner (England, 1861 — 1930)

Nasir al-Din Tusi (Persia, 1201 — 1274)

Horace Parnell Tuttle (USA, 1839 — 1923)

Neil deGrasse Tyson (USA, 1958 — )

U

Seiji Ueda (Japan, 1952 — )

Ulugh Beg (Persia, 1394 — 1449)

Antonio de Ulloa (Spain), (1716 — 1795)

Albrecht Unsöld (Germany, 1905 — 1995)

Takeshi Urata (Japan)

Mu’ayyad al-Din al-’Urdi (Persia d. 1266)

Fumiaki Uto (Japan)

V

Yrjö Väisälä (Finland, 1891 — 1971)

Benjamin Valz (France, 1787 — 1867)

James Van Allen (USA, 1914 — 2006)

George Van Biesbroeck (Belgium, USA, 1880 — 1974)

Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst (Netherlands, 1918 — 2000)

Peter van de Kamp (USA, 1901 — 1995)

Sidney van den Bergh (Canada, 1929 — )

Martin van den Hove (Netherlands, 1605 — 1639)

Hendricus Gerardus van de Sande Bakhuyzen (Netherlands, 1838 — 1923)

Hendrik van Gent (Netherlands, South Africa, 1900 — 1947)

Cornelis Johannes van Houten (Netherlands, 1920 — 2002)

Pieter Johannes van Rhijn (Netherlands, 1886 — 1960)

Gérard de Vaucouleurs (France, USA, 1918 — 1995)

Zdeňka Vávrová (Czech Republic or Slovakia)

Philippe Véron (France, 1939 — )

Frank Washington Very (United States, 1852 — 1927)

Yvon Villarceau (France, 1813 — 1883)

Julie Vinter Hansen (Denmark), 1890 — 1960)

Hermann Carl Vogel (Germany, 1841 — 1907)

Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve (Germany, Russia, 1793 — 1864)

Otto Wilhelm von Struve (Russia, 1819 — 1905)

Alexander N. Vyssotsky (Russia/USA, 1888 — 1973)

Emma Vyssotsky (USA, 1894 — 1975)

W

Arno Arthur Wachmann (Germany, 1902 — 1990)

Abul Wáfa (Persia, 940 — 997-8)

Walcher of Malvern (England d. 1135)

George Wallerstein (1930 — )

William Wales (UK, ca. 1734 — 1798)

Dennis Walsh (UK, 1933 — 2005)

Qingde Wang (USA/China)

Kazuro Watanabe (Japan, 1955 — )

James Craig Watson (USA, 1838 — 1880)

Edmund Weaver (UK, 1663 — 1748)

Kim Weaver (USA, 1969 — )

Thomas William Webb (UK, 1807 — 1885)

Rachel Webster (Australia, 1951 — )

Alfred Lothar Wegener (Germany, 1880 — 1930)

Gary A. Wegner (USA, 1944 — )

Wei Pu (China, fl. 11th century)

Karl von Weizsäcker (Germany, 1912 — 2007)

Godefroy Wendelin (Belgium, 1580 — 1667)

Richard M. West (Denmark, 1941 — )

Gart Westerhout (Netherlands, USA, 1927 — 2012)

Bengt Westerlund (Sweden, 1921 — 2008)

J. G. Westphal (Germany)

Johann Heinrich Westphal (Germany, Italy, 1794 — 1831)

George Wetherill (1925 — 2006)

John Archibald Wheeler (USA, 1911 — 2008)

Fred Lawrence Whipple (USA, 1906 — 2004)

Albert Whitford (USA, 1905 — 2002)

Mary Watson Whitney (USA, 1847 – 1921)

Chandra Wickramasinghe (UK, 1939 — )

Paul Wild (Switzerland, 1925 — 2014)

Olin C. Wilson (USA, 1909 — 1994)

Robert Wilson (USA, 1936 — )

John Winthrop (Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1714 — 1779)

Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke (Germany, 1835 — 1897)

Carl Wirtanen (USA, 1910 — 1990)

Jack Wisdom (USA)

Gustav Witt (Germany, 1866 — 1946)

Maximilian Wolf (Germany, 1863 — 1932)

Aleksander Wolszczan (Poland, 1946 — )

Richard van der Riet Woolley (UK, 1906 — 1986)

Thomas Wright (UK, 1711 — 1786)

Y

Issei Yamamoto (Japan, 1889 — 1959)

Masayuki Yanai (Japan, 1959 — )

Yi Xing (China, 683 — 727)

Anne Sewell Young (USA, 1871 – 1961)

Charles Augustus Young (USA, 1834 — 1908)

James Whitney Young (USA, 1941 — )

Judith Young (USA, 1952 — 2014)

Z

Franz Xaver von Zach (Germany, 1753 — 1832)

Abraham Zacuto (Spain/Portugal, 1450 — 1510)

John Zarnecki (UK, 1949)

Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich (USSR, 1914 — 1987)

Zhang Daqing (China, 1969 — )

Zhang Heng (China, 78 — 139)

Zhang Yuzhe (China, 1902 — 1986)

Lyudmila Vasil'evna Zhuravleva (Russia/Ukraine, ? — )

Felix Ziegel (Soviet Union, 1920 — 1988)

Zu Chongzhi (China, 429 — 500)

Fritz Zwicky (Switzerland, USA, 1898 — 1974)

Others who influenced astronomy and astrophysics

The following is a list of people who are not astronomers but made a contribution to the field of astronomy and astrophysics.

Hans Bethe (1906 — 2005), (physicist)

Niels Bohr (1885 — 1962), (physicist)

Andreas Cellarius (Netherlands, Germany, 1596 — 1665), (cartographer)

Freeman Dyson (1923 — ), (physicist)

Albert Einstein (1879 — 1955), (physicist)

Karl Guthe Jansky (USA, 1905 — 1950), (radio astronomer)

James Clerk Maxwell (UK, 1831 — 1879), (physicist)

Thomas Young (United Kingdom, 1773 — 1829), (physicist)

Abdus Salam (1926 — 1996), (physicist)

Riazuddin (1936 — 2013), (physicist)