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During World War II a number of countries were conquered and controlled. Some of these countries were then given new names, and assigned new governmental leaders which were loyal to the conquering country. These countries are known as puppet states. Germany and Japan were the two countries with the most puppet states. Italy also had several puppet states. Most of the allies (with the exception of the Soviet Union) did not have many puppet states.
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union had only one puppet state prior to World War II, the Tuvan People's Republic, but it acquired many more during or as a result of the war.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom only had two puppet states during World War II, both of which were in the Middle East; one in Iraq, and one in Iran.
Japan
Japan had been creating puppet states in China since the 1931 Mukden Incident. It established a puppet state in 1932.
Germany
Germany had a large number of puppet states after the start of World War II. Some were countries that once supported it, but fell to the Allies. Others were countries that Germany invaded.
Italy
Italy did not have nearly as many puppet states as its partner Axis countries, however, Italy did co-administer some countries in the Balkans with Germany, Greece, in particular. Italy's puppet states were captured by Germany after the Armistice of Cassibile.