List of Indian monarchs

Magadha dynasties

This list includes the legendary kings of Magadha.

Dharma

Susuma

Dridhasena

Sumati

Subhala

Sunita

Satyajit

Biswajit

Ripunjaya

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Pradyota dynasty (c. 779 BCE–544 BCE)

Pradyota

Palaka

Visakhayupa

Ajaka

Varttivarddhana

Haryanka dynasty (c. 544 BCE–413 BCE)

Bimbisara (558–491 BCE), founder of the first Magadhan empire

Ajatashatru (491–461 BCE)

Udayin

Anirudha

Munda

Darshaka (from 461 BCE)

Nāgadāsaka (last ruler of the Haryanka dynasty)

Shishunaga dynasty (c. 413 BCE–345 BCE)

Shishunaga (412–395 BCE), established the Magadha Kingdom

Kakavarna

Kshemadharman

Kshatraujas

Nandivardhana

Mahanandin (until 345 BCE), his empire was inherited by his illegitimate son Mahapadma Nanda

Nanda dynasty (c. 345 BCE–321 BCE)

Mahapadma Nanda (from 345 BCE), son of Mahanandin, founded the Nanda Empire after inheriting Mahanandin's empire

Pandhukananda

Panghupatinanda

Bhutapalananda

Rashtrapalananada

Govishanakananda

Dashasidkhakananda

Kaivartananda

Dhana Nanda (Agrammes, Xandrammes) (until 321 BCE), lost his empire to Chandragupta Maurya after being defeated by him.

Karvinatha Nand (Illegitimate son of Mahapadna Nanda)

Maurya dynasty (c. 321 BCE–184 BCE)

Chandragupta Maurya (c. 322–298 BCE)

Bindusara Amitraghata (298–273 BCE)

Ashoka The Great (273–232 BCE)

Dasharatha (232–224 BCE)

Samprati (224–215 BCE)

Shalishuka (215–202 BCE)

Devavarman (202–195 BCE)

Shatadhanvan (195–187 BCE), the Mauryan Empire had shrunk by the time of his reign

Brihadratha (187–184 BCE), assassinated by Pushyamitra Shunga

Shunga dynasty (c. 185 BCE–73 BCE)

Pushyamitra Shunga (185–149 BCE), founded the dynasty after assassinating Brhadratha

Agnimitra (149–141 BCE), son and successor of Pushyamitra

Vasujyeshtha (141–131 BCE)

Vasumitra (131–124 BCE)

Andhraka (124–122 BCE)

Pulindaka (122–119 BCE)

Ghosha

Vajramitra

Bhagabhadra (c. 110 BCE), mentioned by the Puranas

Devabhuti (83–73 BCE), the last Shunga king

Kanva dynasty (c. 73 BCE–26 BCE)

Vasudeva (c. 75 BCE–66 BCE)

Bhumimitra (c. 66 – c. 52 BCE)

Narayana (c. 52 – c. 40 BCE)

Susarman (c. 40 – c. 26 BCE)

Gupta dynasty (c. 240–550 CE)

Sri-Gupta I (c. 240–290), founder

Ghatotkacha (290–305)

Chandra Gupta I (305–335)

Samudra Gupta (335–370)

Rama Gupta (370–375)

Chandra Gupta II (Chandragupta Vikramaditya)

Kumara Gupta I (415–455)

Skanda Gupta (455–467)

Kumara Gupta II (467–477)

Buddha Gupta (477–496)

Chandra Gupta III (496–500)

Vainya Gupta (500–515)

Narasimha Gupta (515–530)

Kumara Gupta III (530–540)

Vishnu Gupta I (c. 540–550)

Pandyan dynasty (c. 550 BCE–1345 CE)

Central Pandyas

Kadunkoen (c. 550–450 BCE)

Pandion (c. 50 BCE – 50 CE), known as Pandion to Greeks and Romans

Early Pandyas

Nedunj Cheliyan I (Aariyap Padai Kadantha Nedunj Cheliyan)

Pudappandiyan

Mudukudumi Paruvaludhi

Nedunj Cheliyan II (Pasumpun Pandiyan)

Nan Maran

Nedunj Cheliyan III (Talaiyaalanganathu Seruvendra Nedunj Cheliyan )

Maran Valudi

Musiri Mutriya Cheliyan

Ukkirap Peruvaluthi

First Empire

Kadungon (c. 600–700 CE), revived the dynasty

Maravarman Avani Culamani (590–620 CE)

Cezhiyan Cendan (620–640 CE)

Arikesari Maravarman Nindraseer Nedumaaran (640–674 CE)

Kochadaiyan Ranadhiran (675–730 CE)

Arikesari Parankusa Maravarman Rajasinga (730–765 CE)

Parantaka Nedunjadaiyan (765–790 CE)

Rasasingan II (790–800 CE)

Varagunan I (800–830 CE)

Sirmara Srivallabha (830–862 CE)

Varaguna II (862–880 CE)

Parantaka Viranarayana (862–905 CE)

Rajasima Pandian II (905–920 CE)

Pandyan Revival

Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan (1251–1268), revived Pandyan glory, considered one of the greatest conquerors of Southern India

Maravarman Sundara Pandyan

Maravarman Kulasekaran I (1268–1308)

Sundara Pandya (1308–1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother Vira Pandya over the throne

Vira Pandya (1308–1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother of Sundara Pandya over the throne, Madurai was conquered by the Khilji dynasty

Pandalam Dynasty (c. 1200)

Raja Rajasekhara (c. 1200 – 1500), descendant of the Pandya Dynasty, father of Ayyappan (often regarded as a Hindu deity)

Chera dynasty (c. 300 BCE–1124 CE)

Note that years are still highly disputed among the scholars, the given is only a version.

Ancient Chera kings

Kulashekhara dynasty (1020–1314 CE)

Chola dynasty (c. 300 BCE–1279 CE)

Sangam Cholas

Ilamcetcenni

Karikala Chola

Nedunkilli

Nalankilli

Killivalavan

Perunarkilli

Kocengannan

Imperial Cholas (848–1279 CE)

Foreign emperors in north-western India

These empires were vast, centered in Persia or the Mediterranean; their satrapies (provinces) in India were at their outskirts.

The boundaries of the Achaemenid Empire reached the Indus River.

Alexander the Great (326–323 BCE) of the Argead Dynasty defeated Porus in the Battle of the Hydaspes River; his empire was quickly divided amongst the so-called diadochoi.

Seleucus Nicator (323–321 BCE), diadochos general who founded the Seleucid Empire in the eastern part of the Macedonian empire after gaining control following Alexander's death

The Hellenistic Euthydemid Dynasty also reached the north-western frontiers of India (c. 221–85 BCE)

Muhammad bin Qasim (711–715), an Arab general of the Umayyad Caliphate, conquered Sindh, Balochistan and southern Punjab and ruled these lands on behalf of the Umayyad Caliph, Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik

Satavahana dynasty (c. 271 BCE–220 CE)

The beginning of the Satavahana rule is dated variously from 271 BCE to 30 BCE. Satavahanas dominated the Deccan region from 1st century BCE to 3rd century CE. It lasted till the early 3rd century CE. The following Satavahana kings are historically attested by epigraphic records, although the Puranas name several more kings (see Satavahana dynasty#List of rulers):

Simuka

Kanha (or Krishna)

Satakarni I

Hāla (c. 20–24 CE)

Gautamiputra Satakarni (c. 106–130)

Vashishtiputra Pulumayi (c. 130–158)

Vashishtiputra Satakarni (c. 158–170)

Sri Yajna Satakarni (c. 170–199)

Vakataka dynasty (c. 250 – c. 500 CE)

Vindhyasakti (250–270)

Pravarasena I (270–330)

The Pravarapura-Nandivardhana branch

Rudrasena I (330–355)

Prithvisena I (355–380)

Rudrasena II (380–385)

Divakarasena (385–400)

Prabhavatigupta (fem.), Regent (385–405)

Damodarasena (Pravarasena II) (400–440)

Narendrasena (440–460)

Prithvishena II (460–480)

The Vatsagulma branch

Sarvasena (330–355)

Vindhyasena (Vindhyashakti II) (355–442)

Pravarasena II (400–415)

Unknown (415–450)

Devasena (450–475)

Harishena (475–500)

Northwestern India (c. 90 BCE – 10 CE)

Maues (c. 85–60 BCE)

Vonones (c. 75–65 BCE)

Spalahores (c. 75–65 BCE)

Spalarises (c. 60–57 BCE)

Azes I (c. 57–35 BCE)

Azilises (c. 57–35 BCE)

Azes II (c. 35–12 BCE)

Zeionises (c. 10 BCE – 10 CE)

Kharahostes (c. 10 BCE – 10 CE)

Hajatria

Liaka Kusuluka, satrap of Chuksa

Kusulaka Patika, satrap of Chuksa and son of Liaka Kusulaka

Mathura area (c. 20 BCE – 20 CE)

Hagamasha (satrap)

Hagana (satrap)

Rajuvula (Great Satrap) (c. 10 CE)

Sodasa, son of Rajuvula

Apracharaja rulers (12 BCE – 45 CE)

Vijayamitra (12 BCE – 15 CE)

Itravasu (c. 20 CE)

Aspavarma (15–45 CE)

Minor local rulers

Bhadrayasha Niggas

Mamvadi

Arsakes

Indo-Parthian rulers (c. 21–100 CE)

Gondophares I (c. 21–50)

Abdagases I (c. 50–65)

Satavastres (c. 60)

Sarpedones (c. 70)

Orthagnes (c. 70)

Ubouzanes (c. 77)

Sases or Gondophares II (c. 85)

Abdagases II (c. 90)

Pakores (c. 100)

Kushana dynasty (80–225)

Vima Takto (c. 80–105), alias Soter Megas or "Great Saviour."

Vima Kadphises (c. 105–127), the first great Kushan emperor

Kanishka I (127–147)

Huvishka (c. 155–187)

Vasudeva I (c. 191–225), the last of the great Kushan emperors

Kanishka II (c. 227–247)

Vāsishka (c. 247–265)

Kanishka III (c. 268)

Vasudeva II (c. 275–300)

Shaka Kushan (300–350)

Gadahara or minor kings

Early Pallavas (275–355)

Simha Varman I (275–300 or 315–345)

Skanda Varman I (345–355)

Middle Pallavas (355–537)

Visnugopa (350–355)

Kumaravisnu I (355–370)

Skanda Varman II 370–385)

Vira Varman (385–400)

Skanda Varman III (400–438)

Simha Varman II (438–460)

Skanda Varman IV (460–480)

Nandi Varman I (480–500)

Kumaravisnu II (c. 500–510)

Buddha Varman (c. 510–520)

Kumaravisnu III (c. 520–530)

Simha Varman III (c. 530–537)

Later Pallavas (537–882)

Simha Vishnu (537–570)

Mahendra Varman I (571–630)

Narasimha Varman I (Mamalla) (630–668)

Mahendra Varman II (668–672)

Paramesvara Varman I (672–700)

Narasimha Varman II (Raja Simha) (700–728)

Paramesvara Varman II (705–710)

Nandi Varman II (Pallavamalla) (732–796)

Thandi Varman (775–825)

Nandi Varman III (825–869)

Nirupathungan (869–882)

Aparajitha Varman (882–901)

Kadambas of Banavasi (345–525 CE)

Mayurasharma (Varma) (345–365)

Kangavarma (365–390)

Bagitarha (390–415)

Raghu (415–435)

Kakusthavarma (435–455)

Santivarma (455–460)

Mrigeshavarma (460–480)

Shivamandhativarma (480–485)

Ravivarma (485–519)

Harivarma (519–525)

Western Ganga dynasty of Talakad (350–1024 CE)

Konganivarma Madhava (350–370)

Madhava II (370–390)

Harivarman (390–410)

Vishnugopa (410–430)

Tadangala Madhava (430–466)

Avinita (466–495)

Durvinita (495–535)

Mushkara (535–585)

Srivikrama (585–635)

Bhuvikarma (635–679)

Shivamara I (679–725)

Sripurusha (725–788)

Shivamara II (788–816)

Rajamalla I (817–853)

Nitimarga Ereganga (853–869)

Rajamalla II (870–907)

Ereyappa Nitimarga II (907–919)

Narasimhadeva (919–925)

Rajamalla III (925–935)

Butuga II (935–960)

Takkolam in (949)

Maruladeva (960–963)

Marasimha III (963–974)

Rajamalla IV (974–985)

Rakkasa Ganga (985–1024)

Maitrakas of Vallabhi (470–776 CE)

Bhatarka (c. 470–c. 492)

Dharasena I (c. 493–c. 499)

Dronasinha (also known as Maharaja) (c. 500–c. 520)

Dhruvasena I (c. 520–c. 550)

Dharapatta (c. 550–c. 556)

Guhasena (c. 556–c. 570)

Dharasena II (c. 570–c. 595)

Siladitya I (also known as Dharmaditya) (c. 595–c. 615)

Kharagraha I (c. 615–c. 626)

Dharasena III (c. 626–c. 640)

Dhruvasena II (also known as Baladitya) (c. 640–c. 644)

Chkravarti king Dharasena IV (also known as Param Bhatarka, Maharajadhiraja, Parameshwara) (c. 644–c. 651)

Dhruvasena III (c. 651–c. 656)

Kharagraha II (c. 656–c. 662)

Siladitya II (c. 662–?)

Siladitya III

Siladitya IV

Siladitya V

Siladitya VI

Siladitya VII (c. 766–c. 776)

Chalukyas of Badami (543–757)

Pulakeshin I (543–566)

Kirtivarman I (566–597)

Mangalesha (597–609)

Pulakeshin II (609–642)

Vikramaditya I (655–680)

Vinayaditya (680–696)

Vijayaditya (696–733)

Vikramaditya II (733–746)

Kirtivarman II (746–757)

Chalukyas of Kalyani (973–1156)

Tailapa Ahavamalla (973–997)

Satyashraya (997–1008)

Vikramaditya V (1008–1014)

Ayyana (1014–1015)

Jayasimha II (1015–1042)

Someshvara I (1042–1068)

Someshvara II (1068–1076)

Vikramaditya VI (1076–1127)

Someshvara III (1127–1138)

Jagadekamalla (1138–1151)

Tailapa (1151–1156)

Someshvara IV (1183–1189)

Shashanka dynasty (600–626)

Shashanka (600–625), first recorded independent king of Bengal, created the first unified political entity in Bengal

Manava (625–626), ruled for 8 months before being conquered by Harshavardana and Bhaskarvarmana

Harsha dynasty (606–647)

Harsha Vardhana (606–647), unified Northern India and ruled it for over 40 years, he was the last non-Muslim emperor to rule a unified Northern India

Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty (650–1036 CE)

Dadda I-II-III (650–750)

Nagabhata I (750–780)

Vatsaraja (780–800)

Nagabhata II (800–833)

Ramabhadra (833–836)

Mihira Bhoja (836–890)

Mahendrapala I (890–910)

Bhoj II (910–913)

Mahipala I (913–944)

Mahendrapala II (944–948)

Devpala (948–954)

Vinaykpala (954–955)

Mahipala II (955–956)

Vijaypala II (956–960)

Rajapala (960–1018)

Trilochanpala (1018–1027)

Jasapala (Yashpala) (1024–1036)

Rashtrakutas of Manyaketha (735–982)

Dantidurga (735–756)

Krishna I (756–774)

Govinda II (774–780)

Dhruva Dharavarsha (780–793)

Govinda III (793–814)

Amoghavarsha I (814–878)

Krishna II Akalavarsha (878–914)

Indra III (914–929)

Amoghavarsha II (929–930)

Govinda IV (930–935)

Amoghavarsha III (934–939)

Krishna III (939–967)

Khottiga Amoghavarsha (967–972)

Karka II Amoghhavarsha IV (972–973)

Indra IV (973–982), only a claimer for the lost throne

Pala dynasty (c. 750–1174)

Most of the Pala inscriptions mention only the regnal year as the date of issue, without any well-known calendar era. Because of this, the chronology of the Pala kings is hard to determine. Based on their different interpretations of the various epigraphs and historical records, different historians estimate the Pala chronology as follows:

Note:

Earlier historians believed that Vigrahapala I and Shurapala I were the two names of the same person. Now, it is known that these two were cousins; they either ruled simultaneously (perhaps over different territories) or in rapid succession.

AM Chowdhury rejects Govindapala and his successor Palapala as the members of the imperial Pala dynasty.

According to BP Sinha, the Gaya inscription can be read as either the "14th year of Govindapala's reign" or "14th year after Govindapala's reign". Thus, two sets of dates are possible.

Paramara dynasty of Malwa (9th century to c. 1305)

The Paramara rulers mentioned in the various inscriptions and literary sources include:

Upendra, 9th century

Vairisimha (I), 9th century (considered fictional by some historians)

Siyaka (I), 9th century (considered fictional by some historians)

Vakpati (I), 9th-10th century

Vairisimha (II), 10th century

Siyaka (II), 948-972

Vakpati (II) alias Munja, 972-990s

Sindhuraja, 990s-1010

Bhoja, 1010-1055

Jayasimha I, 1055-1070

Udayaditya, 1070-1086

Lakshmadeva, 1086-1094

Naravarman, 1094-1130

Yashovarman, 1133-1142

Jayavarman I, 1142-1143

Interregnum under an usurper named Ballala and later the Solanki king Kumarapala, 1144-1174

Vindhyavarman, 1175-1194

Subhatavarman, 1194-1209

Arjunavarman I, 1210-1215

Devapala, 1218-1239

Jaitugideva, 1239-1255

Jayavarman II, 1255-1274

Arjunavarman II, 13th century

Bhoja II, 13th century

Mahlakadeva, died 1305

Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri (850–1334 CE)

Dridhaprahara

Seunachandra (850–874)

Dhadiyappa (874–900)

Bhillama I (900–925)

Vadugi (Vaddiga) (950–974)

Dhadiyappa II (974–975)

Bhillama II (975–1005)

Vesugi I (1005–1020)

Bhillama III (1020–1055)

Vesugi II (1055–1068)

Bhillama III (1068)

Seunachandra II (1068–1085)

Airamadeva (1085–1115)

Singhana I (1115–1145)

Mallugi I (1145–1150)

Amaragangeyya (1150–1160)

Govindaraja (1160)

Amara Mallugi II (1160–1165)

Kaliya Ballala (1165–1173)

Bhillama V (1173–1192), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya

Jaitugi I (1192–1200)

Singhana II (1200–1247)

Kannara (1247–1261)

Mahadeva (1261–1271)

Amana (1271)

Ramachandra (1271–1312)

Singhana III (1312–1313)

Harapaladeva (1313–1318)

Mallugi III (1318–1334)

Brahmin Shahi dynasty (c. 890–964)

Lalliya (c. 890–895)

Kamaluka (895–921)

Bhima (921–964), son of Kamaluka

Shahi dynasty (964–1026 CE)

Jayapala (964–1001)

Anandapala (1001–1011)

Trilochanpala (1011–1022)

Bhímapála (1022–1026)

Hoysala dynasty (1000–1346)

Nripa Kama (1000–1045)

Vinayaditya I (1045–1098)

Ereyanga (1098–1100)

Ballala (1100–1108)

Vishnuvardhana (1108–1142)

Narasimha I (1142–1173), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya

Ballala II (1173–1220)

Narasimha II (1220–1235)

Vira Someshwara (1235–1253)

Narasimha III and Ramanatha (1253–1295)

Ballala III (1295–1342)

Sena dynasty rule over Bengal (1070–1230 CE)

Hemanta Sen (1070–1096)

Vijay Sen (1096–1159)

Ballal Sen (1159–1179)

Lakshman Sen (1179–1206)

Vishwarup Sen (1206–1225)

Keshab Sen (1225–1230)

Eastern Ganga dynasty (1078–1434)

Anantavarman Chodaganga (1078–1147)

Ananga Bhima Deva II (1170–1198)

Anangabhima Deva III (1211–1238)

Narasimha Deva I (1238–1264)

Bhanu Deva I (1264–1279)

Narasimha Deva II (1279–1306)

Bhanu Deva II (1306–1328)

Narasimha Deva III (1328–1352)

Bhanu Deva III (1352–1378)

Narasimha Deva IV (1378–1414)

Bhanu Deva IV (1414–1434)

Kakatiya dynasty (1083–1323 CE)

Beta I (1000–1030)

Prola I (1030–1075)

Beta II (1075–1110)

Prola II (1110–1158)

Prataparudra I/Rudradeva I (1158–1195)

Mahadeva (1195–1198). Brother of King Rudradeva

Ganapathi deva (1199–1261)

Rudrama devi (1262–1296)

Prataparudra II/ Rudradeva II (1296–1323). Grandson of Queen Rudrama

Kalachuris of Kalyani (Southern) dynasty (1130–1184)

Bijjala II (1130–1167), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukyas in 1162 CE

Sovideva (1168–1176)

Mallugi → overthrown by his brother Sankama

Sankama (1176–1180)

Ahavamalla (1180–83)

Singhana (1183–84)

Sutiya dynasty ruled over eastern Assam (1187–1524)

Birpal (1187–1224)

Ratnadhwajpal (1224–1250)

Vijayadhwajpal (1250–1278)

Vikramadhwajpal (1278–1302)

Gauradhwajpal (1302–1322)

Sankhadhwajpal (1322–1343)

Mayuradhwajpal (1343–1361)

Jayadhwajpal (1361–1383)

Karmadhwajpal (1383–1401)

Satyanarayan (1401–1421)

Laksminarayan (1421–1439)

Dharmanarayan (1439–1458)

Pratyashnarayan (1458–1480)

Purnadhabnarayan (1480–1502)

Dharmadhajpal (1502–1522)

Nitypal (1522–1524)

Kadava dynasty (c. 1216–1279 CE)

Kopperunchinga I (c. 1216 – 1242)

Kopperunchinga II (c. 1243 – 1279)

Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526)

Despite the name, the capital was repeatedly elsewhere than Delhi city, and not always near.

Mamluk dynasty of Delhi (1206–1290)

Qutb-ud-din Aybak (1206–1210)

Aram Shah (1210–1211)

Shams-ud-din Iltutmish (1211–1236)

Rukn-ud-din Firuz (1236)

Raziyyat ud din Sultana (1236–1240)

Muiz-ud-din Bahram (1240–1242)

Ala-ud-din Masud (1242–1246)

Nasir-ud-din Mahmud (1246–1266)

Ghiyas-ud-din Balban (1266–1286)

Muiz-ud-din Qaiqabad (1286–1290)

Shamsuddin Kayumars(1290)

Khilji dynasty (1290–1320)

Jalal ud din Fir oz Khaliji (1290–1296), founder of the Khilji dynasty, defeated some invading Mongol armies

Alauddin Khilji (1296–1316), considered the greatest of the Delhi Sultans, unified India and defeated a number of invading Mongol armies

Qutb ud din Mubarak Shah (1316–1320). The Delhi Sultanate had shunt during his

Khusro Khan (1320)

Tughlaq dynasty (1321–1414)

Ghiyasu-Din Tughluq (1321–1325)

Muhammad bin Tughluq (1325–1351)

Firuz Shah Tughlaq (1351–1388)

Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughluq II (1388–1389)

Abu Bakr Shah (1389–1390)

Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III (1390–1394)

Mahmud Nasir ud-Din (Sultan Mahmud) at Delhi (1394–1413)

Nusrat Shah at Firozabad

Invasion of Timur in 1398 and the end of the Tughluq Dynasty as known earlier.

Sayyid dynasty (1414–1451)

Khizr (1414–1421)

Mubarik II (1421–1434)

Muhamed IV (1434–1445)

Alem I (1445–1451)

Lodi dynasty (1451–1526)

Bahlol Khan Lodi (1451–1489)

Sikandar Lodi (1489–1517)

Ibrahim Lodi (1517–1526), defeated by Babur (who replaced the Delhi Sultanate with the Mughal Empire)

Bahmani Sultanate (1347–1527)

Ala ud din Bahman Shah (1347–1358), established his capital at Gulbarga

Muhammad Shah I (1358–1375)

Ala ud din Mujahid Shah (1375–1378)

Daud Shah I (1378)

Muhammad Shah II (1378–1397)

Ghiyas ud din Tahmatan Shah (1397)

Shams ud din Daud Shah II (1397)

Taj ud din Feroz Shah (1397–1422)

Shahab ud din Ahmad Shah I (1422–1435), established his capital at Bidar

Ala ud din Ahmad Shah II (1436–1458)

Ala ud din Humayun Shah (1458–1461)

Nizam ud din Ahmad Shah III (1461–1463)

Shams ud din Muhammad Shah III (1463–1482)

Mahmud Shah (1482–1518)

Ahmad Shah IV (1518–1521)

Ala ud din Shah (1521–1522)

Waliullah Shah (1522–1524)

Kalimullah Shah (1524–1527)

Ghoris (1390–1436)

Dilavar Khan Husain (1390–1405)

Alp Khan Hushang (1405–1435)

Ghazni Khan Muhamnmad (1435–1436)

Mas'ud Khan (1436)

Khiljis (1436–1535)

Mahmud Shah I (1436–1469)

Ghiyath Shah (1469–1500)

Nasr Shah (1500–1511)

Mahmud Shah II (1511–1530)

Under Gujarat (1530–1534)

Amit parsagandites (1534–1535)

Qadirid (1535–1555)

Qadir Shah (1535–1542)

Under the Mughal Empire (1542–1555)

Shaja'atid (1555–1562)

Shaja'at Khan (1555)

Miyan Bayezid Baz Bahadur (1555–1562)

Ahom dynasty ruled over Assam (1228–1826)

Sukaphaa (1228–1268)

Sutephaa (1268–1281)

Subinphaa (1281–1293)

Sukhaangphaa (1293–1332)

Sukhrampha (1332–1364)

Interregnum (1364–1369)

Sutuphaa (1369–1376)

Interregnum (1376–1380)

Tyao Khamti (1380–1389)

Interregnum (1389–1397)

Sudangphaa (1397–1407)

Sujangphaa (1407–1422)

Suphakphaa (1422–1439)

Susenphaa (1439–1488)

Suhenphaa (1488–1493)

Supimphaa (1493–1497)

Swarganarayan (1497–1539)

Suklenmung (1539–1552)

Sukhaamphaa (1552–1603)

Pratap Singha (1603–1641)

Jayaditya Singha (1641–1644)

Sutingphaa (1644–1648)

Jayadhwaj Singha (1648–1663)

Chakradhwaj Singha (1663–1670)

Udayaaditya Singha (1670–1672)

Ramadhwaj Singha (1672–1674)

Suhunga (1674–1675)

Gobar (1675–1675)

Sujinphaa (1675–1677)

Sudoiphaa (1677–1679)

Ratnadhwaj Singha (1679–1681)

Gadadhar Singha (1681–1696)

Rudra Singha (1696–1714)

Siba Singha (1714–1744)

Pramatta Singha (1744–1751)

Rajeswar Singha (1751–1769)

Lakshmi Singha (1769–1780)

Gaurinath Singha (1780–1795)

Kamaleswar Singha (1795–1811)

Chandrakanta Singha (1811–1818)

Purandar Singha (1818–1819)

Chandrakanta Singha (1819–1821)

Jogeshwar Singha (1821–1822)

Purandar Singha (1833–1838)

Reddy dynasty (1325–1448 CE)

Prolaya Vema Reddy (1325–1335)

Anavota Reddy (1335–1364)

Anavema Reddy (1364–1386)

Kumaragiri Reddy (1386–1402)

Kataya Vema Reddy (1395–1414)

Allada Reddy (1414–1423)

Veerabhadra Reddy (1423–1448)

Sangama dynasty (1336–1487)

Harihara I (Deva Raya) 1336–1343

Bukka I (1343–1379)

Harihara II (1379–1399)

Bukka II (1399–1406)

Deva Raya I (1406–1412)

Vira Vijaya (1412–1419)

Deva Raya II (1419–1444)

(Not known) (1444–1449)

Mallikarjuna (1452–1465)

Rajasekhara (1468–1469)

Virupaksha I (1470–1471)

Praudha Deva Raya (1476–?)

Rajasekhara (1479–1480)

Virupaksha II (1483–1484)

Rajasekhara (1486–1487)

Saluva dynasty (1490–1567)

Narasimha (1490–1503)

Narasa (Vira Narasimha) (1503–1509)

Achyuta (1530–1542)

Sadasiva (1542–1567)

Tuluva dynasty (1491–1570)

Tuluva Narasa Nayaka(1491 - 1503)

Viranarasimha Raya (1503 - 1509)

Krishnadevaraya (1509 - 1529)

Achyuta Deva Raya (1529 - 1542)

Venkata I (1542)

Sadasiva raya (1543 - 1576)

ARAVEETI DYNASTY (1565 - 1680)

Aliya Rama raya (1542–1565)unofficial ruler

Tirumala raya (1570 - 1572)

Ranga raya I (1572 - 1585)

Venkatapathi raya II (1586–1614)

Ranga raya II (1614)

Venkatapathi raya III (1630 - 1642)

Ranga raya III (1642)

Wodeyar dynasty (first rule, 1371–1761)

Yaduraya Wodeyar or Raja Vijaya Raj Wodeyar (1371- 1423)

Hiriya Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar I (1423–1459)

Thimmaraja Wodeyar I (1459–1478)

Hiriya Chamaraja Wodeyar II (1478–1513)

Hiriya bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar III (1513–1553)

Thimmaraja Wodeyar II (1553–1572)

Bola Chamaraja Wodeyar IV (1572–1576)

Bettada Devaraja Wodeyar (1576–1578)

Raja Wodeyar I (1578–1617)

Chamaraja Wodeyar V (1617–1637)

Raja Wodeyar II (1637–1638)

(Ranadhira) Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar I (1638–1659)

Dodda Devaraja Wodeyar (1659–1673)

Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar (1673–1704)

Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar II (1704–1714)

Dodda Krishnaraja Wodeyar I (1714–1732)

Chamaraja Wodeyar VI (1732–1734)

(Immadi) Krishnaraja Wodeyar II (1734–1766), ruled under Hyder Ali from 1761

Nanajaraja Wodeyar (1766–1772), ruled under Hyder Ali

Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar VII (1772–1776), ruled under Hyder Ali

Khasa Chamaraja Wodeyar VIII (1776–1796), ruled under Hyder Ali until 1782, then under Tipu Sultan until his deposition in 1796

The reign of the Kings of Mysore (Wodeyar line) was interrupted from 1761 to 1799.

Hyder Ali's dynasty of Mysore (1761–1799)

Hyder Ali (1761–1782), Muslim commander deposing the Hindu Maharaja, fought the British and Nizams of Hyderabad in the first of 4 Anglo-Mysore Wars

Tipu Sultan (Tiger of Mysore) (1782–1799), son of Hyder Ali, considered the greatest ruler of Mysore, assumed the novel style Badhshah Bahadur of Khudadad (thus claiming the paramountcy of India instead of the Mughal 'mere' Badhshah), fought the British, Marathas and Nizams of Hyderabad in the 3 Anglo-Mysore Wars (where iron rockets) were first used, allied to the French, and lost everything

Wodeyar dynasty (second rule, 1799–1950)

(Mummudi) Krishnaraja Wodeyar III (1799–1868)

Chamaraja Wodeyar IX (1868–1894)

H.H. Vani Vilas Sannidhana, queen of Chamaraja Wodeyar IX served as regent from 1894 to 1902

(Nalvadi) Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV (1894–1940)

Jayachamaraja Wodeyar Bahadur (1940–1950)

Gajapati Kingdom (1434–1541 CE)

Kapilendra Deva (1434–67)

Purushottama Deva (1467–97)

Prataparudra Deva (1497–1540)

Kalua Deva (1540–41)

Kakharua Deva (1541)

Maharajas of Cochin (Perumpadapu Swaroopam, 1503–1964)

Veerakerala Varma, nephew of Cheraman Perumal, is supposed to have been the first king of Cochin around the 7th century CE. But the records we have start in 1503.

1. Unniraman Koyikal I (?–1503)
2. Unniraman Koyikal II (1503–1537)
3. Veera Kerala Varma (1537–1565)
4. Keshava Rama Varma (1565–1601)
5. Veera Kerala Varma (1601–1615)
6. Ravi Varma I (1615–1624)
7. Veera Kerala Varma (1624–1637)
8. Godavarma (1637–1645)
9. Veerarayira Varma (1645–1646)
10. Veera Kerala Varma (1646–1650)
11. Rama Varma I (1650–1656)
12. Rani Gangadharalakshmi (1656–1658)
13. Rama Varma II (1658–1662)
14. Goda Varma (1662–1663)
15. Veera Kerala Varma (1663–1687)
16. Rama Varma III (1687–1693)
17. Ravi Varma II (1693–1697)
18. Rama Varma IV (1697–1701)
19. Rama Varma V (1701–1721)
20. Ravi Varma III (1721–1731)
21. Rama Varma VI (1731–1746)
22. Veera Kerala Varma I (1746–1749)
23. Rama Varma VII (1749–1760)
24. Veera Kerala Varma II (1760–1775)
25. Rama Varma VIII (1775–1790)
26. Shaktan Thampuran (Rama Varma IX) (1790–1805)
27. Rama Varma X (1805–1809) - Vellarapalli-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Vellarapali")
28. Veera Kerala Varma III (1809–1828) - Karkidaka Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "karkidaka" month (Malayalam Era))
29. Rama Varma XI (1828–1837) - Thulam-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Thulam" month (ME))
30. Rama Varma XII (1837–1844) - Edava-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Edavam" month (ME))
31. Rama Varma XIII (1844–1851) - Thrishur-il Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Thrishivaperoor" or Thrishur)
32. Veera Kerala Varma IV (1851–1853) - Kashi-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Kashi" or Varanasi)
33. Ravi Varma IV (1853–1864) - Makara Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Makaram" month (ME))
34. Rama Varma XIV (1864–1888) - Mithuna Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Mithunam" month (ME))
35. Kerala Varma V (1888–1895) - Chingam Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chingam" month (ME))
36. Rama Varma XV (1895–1914) - a.k.a. Rajarshi, abdicated (d. in 1932)
37. Rama Varma XVI (1915–1932) - Madrasil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in Madras or Chennai)
38. Rama Varma XVII (1932–1941) - Dhaarmika Chakravarthi (King of Dharma), Chowara-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chowara")
39. Kerala Varma VI (1941–1943) - Midukkan (syn: Smart, expert, great) Thampuran
40. Ravi Varma V (1943–1946) - Kunjappan Thampuran (Brother of Midukkan Thampuran)
41. Kerala Varma VII (1946–1948) - Ikya-Keralam (Unified Kerala) Thampuran
42. Rama Varma XVIII (1948–1964) - Pareekshit Thampuran

Qutb Shahi dynasty (1518–1687)

Sultan Quli Qutbl Mulk (1518–1543)

Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah (1543–1550)

Subhan Quli Qutb Shah (1550)

Ibrahim Quli Qutub Shah (1550–1580)

Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (1580–1612)

Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah (1612–1626)

Abdullah Qutb Shah (1626–1672)

Abul Hasan Qutb Shah (1672–1687)

Mughal Empire (1526–1857)

Zahir ud din Muhammad Babur (1526–1530), descendant of Mongol conqueror Timur, established the Mughal Empire (one of the 3 earliest gunpowder empires) after defeating the Delhi Sultanate

Nasir ud din Muhammad Humayun (1530–1540), temporarily lost his empire to the Afghan warrior Sher Shah Suri after being defeated by him, restored his rule after defeating Adil Shah Suri in 1556.

Jalal ud din Muhammad Akbar (Akbar the Great) (1556–1605), considered the greatest of all Mughals, he restored the rule of his dynasty after defeating Hemchandra Vikramaditya. He carried out the biggest expansion of the Mughal Empire in Northern India

Nur ud din Muhammad Jahangir (1605–1627), known in legends as Shehzada Salim

Shihab-ud-din Shah Jahan (1627–1657), constructed the Taj Mahal, which is often regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the World

Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir (1658–1707), expanded the Mughal Empire to its greatest extent, ruling over most of South Asia and Afghanistan

Muhammad Azam Shah (1707)

Bahadur Shah I (1707–1712)

Jahandar Shah (1712–1713)

Farrukh Siyar (1713–1719)

Rafi ud Darajat (1719)

Rafi ud Daulah (1719)

Nikusiyar (1719)

Muhammad Shah (first rule, 1719–1720)

Muhammad Ibrahim (1720)

Muhammad Shah (restored) (1720–1748)

Ahmad Shah Bahadur (1748–1754)

Alamgir II (1754–1759)

Shah Jahan III (1760)

Shah Alam II (1759–1806)

Akbar Shah II (1806–1837)

Bahadur Shah II (1837–1857)

Mewar (Sisodia)

Hammir Singh (1326–1364)

Kshetra Singh (1364–1382)

Lakha Singh (1382–1421)

Mokal Singh (1421–1433)

Rana Kumbha (1433–1468)

Udai Singh I (1468–1473)

Rana Raimal (1473–1508)

Rana Sanga (1508–1527)- last Rajput emperor of India.

Ratan Singh II (1528–1531)

Vikramaditya Singh (1531–1536)

Vanvir Singh (1536–1540)

Udai Singh II (1540–1572)

Maharana Pratap (1572–1597)

Amar Singh I (1597–1620)

Karan Singh II (1620–1628)

Jagat Singh I (1628–1652)

Raj Singh I (1652–1680)

Jai Singh (1680–1698)

Amar Singh II (1698–1710)

Sangram Singh II (1710–1734)

Jagat Singh II (1734–1751)

Pratap Singh II (1751–1754)

Raj Singh II (1754–1762)

Ari Singh II (1762–1772)

Hamir Singh II (1772–1778)

Bhim Singh (1778–1828)

Jawan Singh (1828–1838)

Shambhu Singh (1861–1874)

Sajjan Singh (1874–1884)

Fateh Singh (1884–1930)

Bhupal Singh (1930-1947)

Suri dynasty (1540–1555)

Sher Shah (1540–1545), seized the Mughal Empire after defeating the second Mughal Emperor Humayun

Islam Shah Suri (1545–1554)

Firuz Shah Suri (1554)

Muhammad Adil Shah (1554–1555)

Ibrahim Shah Suri (1555)

Sikandar Shah Suri (1554–1555)

Adil Shah (1555–1556)

Adil Shahi dynasty (1490-1686)

Yusuf Adil Shah (1490–1510)

Ismail Adil Shah (1510–1534)

Mallu Adil Shah (1534)

Ibrahim Adil Shah I (1534–1558)

Ali Adil Shah I (1558–1579)

Ibrahim Adil Shah II (1580–1627)

Mohammed Adil Shah (1627–1657)

Ali Adil Shah II (1657–1672)

Sikandar Adil Shah (1672–1686)

Nizam Shahi dynasty (1490–1636)

Malik Ahmad Nizam Shah I (1490–1510)

Burhan Nizam Shah I (1510–1553)

Hussain Nizam Shah I (1553–1565)

Murtaza Nizam Shah (1565–1588)

Miran Nizam Hussain (1588–1589)

Isma'il Nizam Shah (1589–1591)

Burhan Nizam Shah II (1591–1595)

Ibrahim Nizam Shah (1595–1596)

Ahmad Nizam Shah II (1596)

Bahadur Nizam Shah (1596–1600)

Murtaza Nizam Shah II (1600–1610)

Burhan Nizam Shah III (1610–1631)

Hussain Nizam Shah II (1631–1633)

Murtaza Nizam Shah III (1633–1636).

Berar Sultanate (1490-1572)

Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk (1490–1504)

Ala-ud-din Imad Shah 1504–1530)

Darya Imad Shah (1530–1562)

Burhan Imad Shah (1562–1574)

Tufal Khan (usurper) 1574

Bidar Sultanate(1492-1542)

Qasim Barid I (1492–1504)

Amir Barid I (1504–1542)

Ali Barid Shah (1542–1580)

Ibrahim Barid Shah (1580–1587)

Qasim Barid Shah II (1587–1591)

Ali Barid Shah II (1591)

Amir Barid Shah II (1591–1600)

Mirza Ali Barid Shah III (1600–1609)

Amir Barid Shah III (1609–1619).

Amir Barid I 1504–1542

Qutb Shahi dynasty(1518-1687)

Sultan Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk (1518–1543)

Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah (1543–1550)

Subhan Quli Qutb Shah (1550)

Ibrahim Quli Qutub Shah (1550–1580)

Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (1580–1611)

Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah (1611–1626)

Abdullah Qutb Shah (1626–1672)

Abul Hasan Qutb Shah (1672–1687).

Shivaji era

Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj (born on 19 February 1630, crowned on 6 June 1674; and died on 3 April 1680)

Chhatrapati Sambhaji (1680–1688), elder son of Shivaji

Chhatrapati Rajaram (1688–1700), younger son of Shivaji

Rajmata Tarabai, regent (1700–1707), widow of Chhatrapati Rajaram

Chhatrapati Shivaji II (b. 1696, ruled 1700–14); first of the Kolhapur Chhatrapatis

The Empire was divided between two branches of the family c. 1707–10; and the division was formalized in 1731.

Bhosale Chhatrapatis at Kolhapur (1700–1947)

Chhatrapati Shivaji II (b. 1696, ruled 1700–14)

Sambhaji II of Kolhapur (b. 1698, r. 1714–60)

Rajmata Jijibai of Kolhapur|Rajmata Jijibai, regent (1760–73), senior widow of Sambhaji II

Rajmata Durgabai of Kolhapur|Rajmata Durgabai, regent (1773–79), junior widow of Sambhaji II

Shahu Shivaji II of Kolhapur (r. 1762–1813); adopted by Jijibai, his predecessor's senior widow

Sambhaji III of Kolhapur (b. 1801, r. 1813–21)

Shivaji III of Kolhapur (b. 1816, r. 1821–22) (council of regency)

Shahaji I of Kolhapur (b. 1802, r. 1822–38)

Shivaji IV of Kolhapur (b. 1830, r. 1838–66)

Rajaram I of Kolhapur (r. 1866–70)

Council of regency (1870–94)

Shivaji V of Kolhapur (b. 1863, r. 1871–83); adopted by his predecessor's widow

Rajarshi Shahu IV of Kolhapur (b. 1874, r. 1884–1922); adopted by his predecessor's widow

Rajaram II of Kolhapur (b. 1897 r. 1922–40)

Indumati Tarabai of Kolhapur, regent (1940–47), widow of Rajaram II

Shivaji VI of Kolhapur (b. 1941, r. 1941–46); adopted by his predecessor's widow

Shahaji II of Kolhapur (b. 1910, r. 1947, d. 1983); formerly Maharaja of Dewas Senior; adopted by Indumati Tarabai, widow of Rajaram II

The state acceded unto the Dominion of India following the independence of India in 1947.

Bhosale Chhatrapatis at Satara (1707–1839)

Shahu I (1708–1749). Son of Sambhaji I.

Ramaraja (1749–1777). Grandson of Rajaram and Tarabai; adopted son of Shahu I.

Shahu II of Satara (1777–1808). Son of Ramaraja.

Pratapsinh (1808–1839)

Shahaji III (1839–1848)

Pratapsinh I (adopted)

Rajaram III

Pratapsinh II

Raja Shahu III (1918–1950)

The Peshwas (1713–1858)

Technically they were not monarchs, but hereditary prime ministers, though in fact they ruled instead of the Maharaja after death of Chattrapati Shahu, and were hegemon of the Maratha confederation.

Balaji Vishwanath (1713 – 2 April 1720) (b. 1660, died 2 April 1720)

Peshwa Bajirao I (17 April 1720 – 28 April 1740) (b. 18 Aug. 1700, died 28 April 1740)

Balaji Bajirao (4 July 1740 – 23 June 1761) (b. 8 Dec. 1721, d. 23 Jun. 1761)

Madhavrao Ballal (1761 – 18 Nov. 1772) (b. 16 Feb. 1745, d. 18 Nov. 1772)

Narayanrao Bajirao (13 Dec. 1772 – 30 Aug. 1773) (b. 10 Aug. 1755, d. 30 Aug. 1773)

Raghunath Rao Bajirao (5 Dec. 1773 – 1774) (b. 18 Aug. 1734, d. 11 Dec. 1783)

Sawai Madhavrao (1774 – 27 Oct. 1795) (b. 18 April 1774, d. 27 Oct. 1795)

Baji Rao II (6 Dec. 1796 – 3 June 1818) (d. 28 Jan. 1851)

Nana Sahib (1 July 1857 – 1858) (b. 19 May 1825, d. 24 Sep. 1859)

Bhosale Maharajas of Thanjavur (?–1799)

Descended from a brother of Shivaji; ruled independently and had no formal relationship with the Maratha Empire.

Ekoji I

Shahuji I of Thanjavur

Serfoji I

Tukkoji

Ekoji II

Sujanbai

Shahuji II of Thanjavur

Pratapsingh of Thanjavur (r. 1737–63)

Tulojirao Bhonsle of Thanjavur (b. 1738, r. 1763–87), elder son of Pratapasimha

Serfoji II of Thanjavur (r. 1787–93 & 1798–99, d. 1832); adoptive son of Tuloji Bhonsle

Ramaswami Amarasimha Bhonsle (r. 1793–98); younger son of Pratapasimha

The state was annexed by the British in 1799.

Bhosale Maharajas of Nagpur (1799–1881)

Raghoji I (1738–1755)

Janoji (1755–1772)

Sabaji (1772–1775)

Mudhoji I (1775–1788)

Raghoji II (1788–1816)

Parsoji Bhonsle (18??–1817)

Mudhoji II (1816–1818)

Raghoji III (1818–1853)

1853 to Great Britain

Janoji II (1853–1881) (adopted)

Raghujideo (1881)

The kingdom was annexed by the British under the Doctrine of Lapse.

Holkar rulers of Indore (1731–1948)

Malharrao Holkar (I) (r. 2 November 1731 – 19 May 1766)

Malerao Khanderao Holkar (r. 23 August 1766 – 5 April 1767)

Punyaslok Rajmata Ahilyadevi Holkar (r. 5 April 1767 – 13 August 1795)

Tukojirao Holkar (I) (r. 13 August 1795 – 29 January 1797)

Kashirao Tukojirao Holkar (r. 29 January 1797 – 1798)

Yashwantrao Holkar (I) (r. 1798 – 27 November 1811)

Malharrao Yashwantrao Holkar (III) (r. November 1811 – 27 October 1833)

Martandrao Malharrao Holkar (r. 17 January 1834 – 2 February 1834)

Harirao Vitthojirao Holkar (r. 17 April 1834 – 24 October 1843)

Khanderao Harirao Holkar (r. 13 November 1843 – 17 February 1844)

Tukojirao Gandharebhau Holkar (II) (r. 27 June 1844 – 17 June 1886)

Shivajirao Tukojirao Holkar (r. 17 June 1886 – 31 January 1903)

Tukojirao Shivajirao Holkar (III) (r. 31 January 1903 – 26 February 1926)

Yashwantrao Holkar (II) (r. 26 February 1926 – 1961)

Following the independence of India in 1947, the state acceded unto the Dominion of India. The monarchy was ended in 1948, but the title is still held by Usha Devi Maharaj Sahiba Holkar XV Bahadur, Maharani of Indore since 1961.

Scindia rulers of Gwalior (?–1947)

Ranojirao Scindia (1731 – 19 July 1745)

Jayapparao Scindia (1745 – 25 July 1755)

Jankojirao I Scindia (25 July 1755 – 15 January 1761). Born 1745

Meharban Dattaji Rao Scindia, Regent (1755 – 10 January 1760). Died 1760

Vacant 15 January 1761 – 25 November 1763

Kedarjirao Scindia (25 November 1763 – 10 July 1764)

Manajirao Scindia Phakade (10 July 1764 – 18 January 1768)

Mahadaji Scindia (18 January 1768 – 12 February 1794). Born c. 1730, died 1794

Daulatrao Scindia (12 February 1794 – 21 March 1827). Born 1779, died 1827

Jankojirao II Scindia (18 June 1827 – 7 February 1843). Born 1805, died 1843

Jayajirao Scindia (7 February 1843 – 20 June 1886). Born 1835, died 1886

Madho Rao Scindia (20 June 1886 – 5 June 1925). Born 1876, died 1925

George Jivajirao Scindia (Maharaja 5 June 1925 – 15 August 1947, Rajpramukh 28 May 1948 – 31 October 1956, later Rajpramukh). Born 1916, died 1961

Following the independence of India in 1947, the state acceded unto the Dominion of India.

Madhavrao Scindia (6 February 1949; died 2001)

Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia (born 1 January 1971)

Gaekwad rulers of Baroda (Vadodara) (1721–1947)

Pilaji Rao Gaekwad (1721–1732)

Damaji Rao Gaekwad (1732–1768)

Govind Rao Gaekwad (1768–1771)

Sayaji Rao Gaekwad I (1771–1789)

Manaji Rao Gaekwad (1789–1793)

Govind Rao Gaekwad (restored) (1793–1800)

Anand Rao Gaekwad (1800–1818)

Sayaji Rao II Gaekwad (1818–1847)

Ganpat Rao Gaekwad (1847–1856)

Khande Rao Gaekwad (1856–1870)

Malhar Rao Gaekwad (1870–1875)

Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III (1875–1939)

Pratap Singh Gaekwad (1939–1951)

Nawabs of Bengal (1707–1770)

Murshid Quli Jafar Khan (1707–1727)

Sujauddin Khan (1727–1739)

Sarfraz Khan (1739–1740)

Alivardi Khan (1740–1756)

Siraj Ud Daulah (1756–1757)

Mir Jafar (1757–1760)

Mir Qasim (1760–1763)

Mir Jafar Khan (1763–1765)

Najm ud Daulah (1765–1766)

Saif ud Daulah (1766–1770)

Nawabs of Oudh (1719–1858)

Saadat Ali Khan I (1719–1737)

Safdarjung (1737–1753)

Shuja-ud-Daula (1753–1775)

Asaf-ud-Daula (1775–1797)

Wazir Ali Khan (1797–1798)

Saadat Ali Khan II (1798–1814)

Akhil Sharma (1814–1827)

Nasiruddin Haider (1827–1837)

Muhammad Ali Shah (1837–1842)

Amjad Ali Shah (1842–1847)

Wajid Ali Shah (1847–1856)

Birjis Qadra (1856–1858)

Nizams of Hyderabad (1720–1948)

Mir Qamaruddin Khan, Nizal ul Mulk, Asif Jah I (1720–1748)

Mir Ahmed Ali Khan Nasir Jang Nazam-ud-Dowlah (1748–1750)

Nawab Hidayat Mohuddin Sa'adu'llah Khan Bahadur, Muzaffar Jang (1750–1751)

Nawab Syed Mohammed Khan, Amir ul Mulk, Salabat Jang (1751–1762)

Nawab Mir Nizam Ali Khan Bahadur, Nizam ul Mulk, Asif Jah II (1762–1803)

Nawab Mir Akbar Ali Khan Sikandar Jah, Asif Jah III (1803–1829)

Nawab Mir Farkhonda Ali Khan Nasir-ud-Daulah, Asif Jah IV (1829–1857)

Nawab Mir Tahniat Ali Khan Afzal ud Daulah, Asif Jah V (1857–1869)

Nawab Mir Mahboob Ali Khan, Asif Jah VI (1869–1911)

Nawab Mir Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII (1911–1948)

Kingdom of Travancore (1729–1947)

Marthanda Varma (1729–1758)

Dharma Raja (1758–1798)

Balarama Varma (1798–1810)

Gowri Lakshmi Bayi (1810–1815)

Gowri Parvati Bayi (1815–1829)

Swathi Thirunal (1829–1846)

Uthram Thirunal (1846–1860)

Ayilyam Thirunal (1860–1880)

Visakham Thirunal (1880–1885)

Moolam Thirunal (1885–1924)

Sethu Lakshmi Bayi (1924–1931)

Chithira Thirunal (1931–1949)

Sikh Empire (1801–1849)

Maharaja Ranjit Singh (b. 1780, crowned 12 April 1801; d. 1839)

Kharak Singh (b. 1801, d. 1840), eldest son of Ranjit Singh

Nau Nihal Singh (b. 1821, d. 1840), grandson of Ranjit Singh

Chand Kaur (b. 1802, d. 1842) was briefly Regent

Sher Singh (b. 1807, d. 1843), son of Ranjit Singh

Duleep Singh (b. 1838, crowned 1843, d. 1893), youngest son of Ranjit Singh

The British Empire annexed the Punjab c. 1845–49; after the First and Second Anglo-Sikh Wars

Emperors of India (1857–1947)

Queen-Empress Victoria (1876–1901)

King-Emperor Edward VII (1901–1910)

King-Emperor George V (1910–1936)

King-Emperor Edward VIII (1936)

King-Emperor George VI (1936–1947)

Dominion of India (1947–1950)

George VI, King of India (1947–1950) retained the title "Emperor of India" until 22 June 1948.

Dominion of Pakistan (1947–1956)

George VI, King of Pakistan (1947-1952)

Elizabeth II, Queen of Pakistan (1952-1956)