List of Austrian scientists

Economists

Siegfried Becher, economist and government minister

Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk

Ernst Fehr

Simon Gächter

Friedrich Hayek, economist and social scientist, Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1974

Rudolf Hilferding (1877-1941), Marxist and politician (murdered by the Gestapo in Paris)

Leopold Kohr, economist

Carl Menger, founder of the Austrian School of economics

Ludwig von Mises, free-market economist

Oskar Morgenstern, co-founder of game theory

Martin Nowak

Joseph Schumpeter, economist (neoclassical), born in Triech, Austria-Hungary

Othmar Spann, economist and philosopher

Friedrich von Wieser, economist (regarded as follower of the Austrian School of economics)

Engineers, inventors

Carlo Abarth, motorcycle racer and car designer

Igo Etrich (1879-1967), aviation pioneer and pilot

Anselm Franz, pioneer in jet engine engineering

Gaston Glock, inventor, founder of GLOCK GmbH

Claire Gmachl, quantum cascade laser and mid-IR technologies pioneer

Eduard Haas, inventor of Pez candy

Ingeborg Hochmair, electrical engineer who developed the modern cochlear implant

Viktor Kaplan, inventor of turbines for river power plants

Wilhelm Kress, aviation pioneer, inventor of the stick control for airplanes

Hedy Lamarr, known for research in frequencies, needed for mobile phones

Siegfried Marcus, automobile pioneer (vehicles of 1870 and 1889), lived most of his life in Austria

Alois Negrelli, engineer and railroad pioneer (created the plans for the Suez Canal)

Ferdinand Porsche, automotive engineer, designed the Volkswagen (the "people's car"), born in Austria-Hungary

Johann Puch, engineer and entrepreneur

Josef Ressel, inventor of the marine screw propeller

Edmund Rumpler, engineer, aviation pioneer

Alois Senefelder, inventor of the printing technique of Lithography

Nikola Tesla, inventor, mechanical engineer, and electrical engineer (prior to moving to Paris in 1882)

Max Valier, rocketry pioneer

Auer von Welsbach, inventor of gaslight

Philosophers

Nathan Birnbaum, philosopher (created the word "Zionism")

Franz Brentano, philosopher and psychologist

Martin Buber (1878-1965), philosopher, born in Vienna

Christian von Ehrenfels, philosopher

Herbert Feigl, philosopher (member of the Vienna Circle)

Paul Feyerabend (died 1994), philosopher

Philipp Frank, philosopher and physicist (member of the Vienna Circle)

Heinrich Gomperz (1873-1942), philosopher, born in Vienna

Edmund Husserl, philosopher (born in Prossnitz, Austria-Hungary)

Victor Kraft, philosopher

Nachman Krochmal, philosopher, historian and theologian

Alexius Meinong (1853-1920), philosopher (theory of objects)

Otto Neurath, socialist, economist and philosopher

Karl Popper, philosopher (born in Austria, became British)

Moritz Schlick, philosopher (member of the Vienna Circle)

Othmar Spann, philosopher and economist

Rudolf Steiner, mystic and philosopher

Friedrich Waismann, mathematician, philosopher and physicist (member of the Vienna Circle)

Otto Weininger, philosopher

Ludwig Wittgenstein, philosopher, born 1889 in Vienna

Physicians

Alfred Adler, psychiatrist, father of Individual Psychology

Hans Asperger, pediatrician (most known for work on autism, Asperger syndrome named for him)

Leopold Auenbrugger, physician 1722-1809 (method of percussion)

Robert Bárány, physician, 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Georg Joseph Beer, physician (forerunner in ophthalmology)

Lorenz Böhler, physician

Josef Breuer, psychiatrist (forerunner in psychoanalysis)

Carl Cori, born in Prague, Austria-Hungary, physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1947

Karl Fellinger, physician

Ernst, Baron von Feuchtersleben, physician and poet

Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, physician and physiologist (studies of nerves and the brain)

Viktor Frankl, psychiatrist, father of logotherapy

Sigmund Freud, psychiatrist, father of psychoanalysis

Karl von Frisch, physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Otto Gross, phyician and revolutionist

Josef Hyrtl, anatomist

Nicolaus Joseph Jacquin, physician and botanist

Eric Kandel, neuropsychiatrist (born Vienna, emigrated to the US)

Leo Kanner, child psychiatrist

Fritz Köberle, physician (emigrated to Brazil)

Karl Landsteiner (1886-1943), physician, serologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Franz Xaver Mayr, physician

Franz Mesmer (1734-1815), physician, developed an early form of hypnotism

Ernst Moro, physician and pediatrician

Paracelsus (real name: Theophrast von Hohenheim), alchemist and physician

Clemens von Pirquet, pediatrician and scientist in bacteriology and immunology

Rudolf Pösch, physician

Karl Pribram, physician, neuroscientist, originator of Holonomic brain theory

Carl Rabl, anatomist

Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957), psychiatrist

Erwin Ringel (1921-1994), Austrian psychiatrist (presuicidal syndrome)

Hans Selye, physician (emigrated to Canada)

Ignaz Semmelweis, physician (born in Hungary, Austria-Hungary)

Hans Steiner, child and adolescent psychiatrist

Julius Wagner-Jauregg, physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1927

Rudolf Wlassak, physiologist and neurologist 1865-1930

Physicists, mathematicians and chemists

Emil Artin, mathematician (Artin's conjecture)

Norbert Bischofberger, chemist

Wilhelm Blaschke, mathematician

Ludwig Boltzmann, physicist, 1844-1906, born in Vienna

Fritjof Capra, physicist

Christian Andreas Doppler, physicist, 1803-1853, born in Salzburg (See Doppler effect)

Paul Ehrenfest, physicist and mathematician

Heinz Falk, chemist

Kurt Gödel, mathematician (born in Austria-Hungary, became a naturalized US citizen)

Thomas Gold, astrophysicist, geophysicist, controversial for 'steady state' view of cosmos and abiogenic petroleum origin theory

Wolfgang Gröbner, mathematician (best known for Gröbner basis)

Harald Grosse, physicist

Hans Hahn, mathematician (member of the Vienna Circle)

Wilhelm Karl, Ritter von Haidinger, physicist, geologist and mineralogist of the 19th century

Friedrich Hasenöhrl, physicist

Victor Franz Hess, physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics

Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin, chemist

Walter Kohn, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1998

Karl Kordesch, chemist and inventor

Anton Schrötter von Kristelli, chemist and mineralogist (red phosphor)

Richard Kuhn, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1938

Johann Josef Loschmidt, physicist and chemist

Ernst Mach, physicist and philosopher (Mach number)

Lise Meitner, physicist

Karl Menger, mathematician (Menger's theorem, Menger sponge); son of Carl Menger)

Ronald Micura, chemist

Richard von Mises, physicist (younger brother of Ludwig von Mises)

Otto E. Neugebauer, mathematician and astronomer

Wolfgang Pauli, physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics 1945

Max Ferdinand Perutz, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962

Josef Maximilian Petzval, physicist and mathematician

Fritz Pregl, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1923

Johann Radon, mathematician

Otto Redlich, physical chemist

Leopold Ružička (born in Croatia, Austria-Hungary in 1887), chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1944

Karl Schlögl, chemist

Erwin Schrödinger, physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics

Heinrich Franz Friedrich Tietze, mathematician

Leopold Vietoris, mathematician (1891-2002)

Victor Frederick Weisskopf, physicist (worked on the Manhattan Project)

Carl Auer von Welsbach, chemist

Anton Zeilinger, physicist

Gernot Zippe, physicist (developed Zippe-type centrifuge to extract Uranium-235 for nuclear weapons)

Mario Zippermayr, physicist, inventor of the thermobaric weapon

Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1925

Psychologists

Bruno Bettelheim, psychologist

Anna Freud, child psychologist

Sigmund Freud, founding father of psychoanalysis

Fritz Heider, psychologist

Frederick Kanfer, psychologist (born 1925 in Vienna, emigrated to US 1941)

Melanie Klein (1882-1960), child psychotherapist (emigrated to England in 1926)

Otto Rank, pioneer psychologist

Paul Watzlawick

Other scientists

Othenio Abel, paleontologist

Max Adler (1873-1937), jurist and Marxist author

Christopher Alexander, architectural theorist

Wilhelm Alzinger, archeologist

Bernard Andreae, archeologist

Oscar Baumann, philosopher, explorer, ethnologist and geographer

Heinz von Foerster, physicist and philosopher (working in the field of cybernetics)

Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall, orientalist

Julius Hann, meteorologist

Hans Hass, biologist

Thomas Henzinger, computer scientist, founding president of the IST Austria

Hans Kelsen, jurist; father of the Austrian constitution

Otto König, scientist in behavioural studies

Paul Felix Lazarsfeld, social scientist

Otto Loewi, pharmacologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born in Germany, but spent 40 years in Austria, from age 25-65)

Konrad Lorenz, zoologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Gregor Mendel, pioneer of genetics

Josef M. Penninger, molecular biologist

August Emanuel von Reuss, paleontologist

Rupert Riedl, zoologist

Karl Rinner (1912-1991), geodesist

Joseph Rock, explorer, geographer, botanist and linguist

Armin Zijerdi, paleontologist, ethnologist